Yaiva iyo January 1 we1818 payakabudiswa Frankenstein kana iye ano Prometheus, hunyanzvi hwemunyori wayo, weBritish Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. Saka izvo zvatova a echinyakare ezvinyorwa kwete chete zvinotyisa asi zvepasirese ndichangopedza yekutanga 200 makore. Hapana chinhu chiri nani pane kutanga uyu 2018 nekutora umpteenth kutarisa nhoroondo yekusingaperi iyo inofadza, inotyisa uye inoita kuti zvizvarwa zvese zviratidze zvisina simba. Mune mafomu akati wandei neshanduro Frankenstein acharamba achitsungirira pasina kupokana.
Mary shelley
Aive mwanasikana wemunyori wenhau uye muzivi William Godwin uye de Mary Wollstonecraft. Imwe inofarira kubvisa zvivakwa uye zvinopesana nemhando dzese dzehurumende, chinenge chekutanga anarchist. Uye mumwe, munyori uye izwi rekutanga rechikadzi rechazvino, munyori we Kusimbiswa kwekodzero dzemukadzi (Kusimbiswa kwekodzero dzevakadzi) umo vakadzi vaidikanwa kuti vawane mukana wakaenzana wekudzidza sevarume.
Muna 1814, pazera regumi nematanhatu, akasvetuka pamwe nanyanduri Percy shelley, waakange atanga kudanana naye zvisinei nekuroora. Vakanga vakaroora muna 1816, mushure mekunge mudzimai wekutanga waShelley azviuraya nekunyura. Maria ndiye muvambi webhuku iro rinoonekwa sere kutanga ngano yesainzi uye kuti nhasi inoramba iri imwe yenyaya dzinotyisa kwazvo dzenguva dzese.
Nhoroondo yacho ndeyekuti akanyora nyaya yemusayendisiti Victor Frankenstein na bheji. Humwe husiku muna Chikumi 1816 akasangana na Lord Byron nevamwe mune imwe imba kumucheto kweGeneva. Ikoko, yakavharirwa mumba nedutu, vaive kuverenga terro storiesr yevaraidzo.
Frankenstein pakarepo yakava a yakakosha uye yeruzhinji kubudirira. Asi Mary Shelley haana kuiwana zvakare nechero rake raakazoshanda. Nekuti akanyora mamwe mabhuku mana, nyaya pfupi, nhetembo uye akati wandei mabhuku ekufamba. Semuenzaniso, nyaya yake Munhu wekupedzisira Iyo inofungidzirwawo seimwe yeakanakisisa ayo akanyora uye inotaura nezvekuparadzwa kwerudzi rwevanhu nedenda rinotyisa. Y lodore iyo nhoroondo yekufungidzira.
Mushure mekufa kwemurume wake, muna 1822, Mary akazvipira pakuparadzira basa rake remunyori. Her akafa muLondon munaFebruary 1, 1851. Chido chake chekupedzisira chaive chekuvigwa pamwe nevabereki vake uye vese vanozorora kumakuva eSt Peter, muBournemouth, kumaodzanyemba kweEngland.
Frankenstein
Victor Frankenstein Iye musayendisiti uyezve mudzidzi wezvemashiripiti, uyo anoshushikana nekuwana chinetso chikuru chinogoneka munyika yesainzi: kumutsa chitunha. Asi kubudirira kwako uchava mutongo wako. Kugadzirwa kwechikara chinotyisa icho, mukupindura kurambwa kunounza mune wese munhu, chinoda kutsiva pamusiki waro, uyo waanopomera nhamo yake. Saka zvinomupandukira iye nezvose zvaanoda. Iyo chikara, ichirwara nekusurukirwa, inobvunza musiki wayo shamwari yekuchinjana nekutsakatika zvachose, asi Victor anoramba kuzviita. Chinhu chete chinogona kuunza runyararo uye zororo ndiko kuguma kweumwe wevaviri.
Dimikira rekumashure kwenyaya iri zvakare mufananidzo wekutya kwehumwe, weakasiyana, uyezve nechikumbiro chikuru chekusashivirira. Iko kusanganiswa kweanonakidza uye anotyisa, iyo Gothic inoverengeka uye nyaya yeuzivi zvakare chikamu chekubudirira kwayo kukuru uye inoenderera kufadza vaverengi.
Ehezve Victor Frankenstein nechisikwa chake chakagadzirwa kubva kuzvitunha zvevanhu zvave zvakadaro chinhu uye kurudziro yeanosvika chiuru anoshanda pakati pe cinema, theatre uye ma comics.
Pa cinema
La kutanga kugadzirisa Yaive pachiratidziri chikuru muna 1910. Kubva ipapo pakave neshanduro dzinosvika zana nemakumi mashanu mumafomati akasiyana. Heano mamwe acho.
Frankenstein, 1910
Chii chaive 16 miniti firimu pfupi yakagadzirirwa iyo Thomas Edison Firimu Kambani kuti mumazuva ekutanga e cinema akashandisa Frankenstein semusoro wake.
Frankenstein, 1931
Iyi vhezheni ye James whale ndiyo yakatipa mufananidzo unozivikanwa wechikara che Frankenstein, inoridzwa naBoris Karloff. Iyi firimu yaive nezvakawanda zvakateedzana. Yekutanga yaive Mwenga waFrankenstein, ra1935, rakatungamirwazve naWhale, uye na Boris Karloff naColin Clive sechikara uye Dr. Frankenstein, zvichiteerana. Elsa lanchester mune imwe dudziro yengano iye akasanganisa musikana wechikara. Makore mana gare gare yakaburitswa Mwanakomana Frankenstein, inotungamirirwa na Rowland V Lee. Karloff aive chikara kekupedzisira.
Kutuka kwaFrankenstein, 1957
Kambani yekugadzira mafirimu yaigona sei kuita senge Nyundo yeBritish? Saka muna 1957 vakaita vhezheni yavo yechikara. Kutuka kwaFrankenstein ngano mbiri dzerudzi rwakatarisa mukati maro Christopher Lee, mune basa rechikara, uye Peter Kusimudza saVictor Frankenstein. Yaive yekutanga yekutyisa bhaisikopo ine yakawanda gory uye gory ruzivo.
Iyo Munster Mhuri uye Mudiki Frankenstein
Mumakumi matanhatu emhando iyi genre raida kuenda kumitambo uye nhepfenyuro yeterevhizheni inozivikanwa uye inozivikanwa kwazvo Mhuri yeMunster, uyo akagadzira yake yega vhezheni yechikara yakafuridzirwa nemufananidzo waKarloff. Herman Munster ndiye aive vakanaka, vanoshamisika uye vakanaka baba vemhuri yezvikara, vampires uye werewolves.
Frankenstein naAndy Warhol, muna 1973
Uye pop tsika ngano saAndy Warhol yakaburitsa iyi vhezheni muna 1973 yakaburitswa neFrance neItari uye inotungamirwa naPaul Morrisey. Iyo nyeredzi Udo Kier naMonique van Vooren uye izere nemhirizhonga uye bonde rakajeka.
Frankenstein naMary Shelley, 1994
Yaive mutambi ane mukurumbira weBritish uye director saKenneth Branagh uyo aida kudzokera kune chinyorwa chaShelley chepakutanga ichi chemamirioni emadhora kugadzirwa. Akaisa nyeredzi mariri achitamba Victor Frankenstein uyo akateedzwazve naRobert De Niro aine kumeso kwakasonwa uye nemuviri izvo zvaive zvakatendeka kutsananguro yekutanga. naShelley.
Frankenstein, 2011
Chakanga chiri chinoshamisa chinjaidzo kuNational Theatre muLondon. Uye vatambi Benedict Cumberbatch y Johnny lee miller ivo vakashandura mumabasa aVictor Frankenstein uye chisikwa.