Mufananidzo weWashington Irving naJohn Wesley Jarvis. 1809.
Washington Irving ndomumwe wevanyori vekare veNorth America kuzivikanwa zvakanyanya. Ndiani asina kuverenga kana kuona uye akanzwa kutonhora neiyo Musoro webhiza de Iyo Nhoroondo yehope Kurara mushanduro dzayo dzakawanda? Uye ndiani asina kunzwa kunzwira tsitsi kwechimiro chake nekuda kwake Ngano dzeAlhambra? Nhasi uno chinyorwa chakatsaurirwa kwaari chinoenda.
Washington Irving
Akazvarirwa mukati New York, muna Kubvumbi 1783, inoonekwa se wekutanga munyori weAmerica kuwana mukurumbira wepasirese. Ndiye zvakare wekutanga kushandisa iyo zvinyorwa zvekuita kuti vanhu vaseke uye caricature chokwadi chenguva yake, asi nenzira isina kunetsa veruzhinji. Iye zvakare akagadzira iyo MaAmerican colloquial maitiro izvo zvakazotora vamwe saMark Twain.
Akagara kunze kwezvematongerwo enyika uye zvemagariro kufamba kwakaitika munguva yake, asi iye zvakare ari mumiriri weAmerican romanticism. Ehe, kudanana nehunhu hwayo hwepamusoro senge rudo rwekare, runako uye ngano. Aivewo ne mufambiro wokuda yakagovaniswa nevamwe vazhinji vanyori uye maartist kumativi ese eAtlantic.
Shamwari yaWalter Scott
Hwaive hushamwari hwake nemunyori mukuru wekuScotland wekudanana, waakaita parwendo rwake rwekuEurope, kuti iniakakurudzirwa pabasa rake uye akamukurudzira kunyora rimwe remazita ake anomiririra: Iyo Sketch Bhuku, akateedzana ezvinyorwa uye nyaya. Yakabudiswa muUnited States pakati pa1819-20, mumavhoriyamu akasiyana siyana, uye sebhuku kuEngland muna 1820.
Iyo Sketch Bhuku
mariri mifananidzo yehupenyu hwechirungu Chemhondoro Kudya kweKisimusi o Westminster Abbey, pakati pevamwe. Zvakare zvinyorwa pa MaAmerican clichés uye kuchinjika kweGerman ngano dzevanhu Chemhondoro Kubvarura Van Winkle y Iyo ngano yeSleepy Hollow, pamwe rake rinozivikanwa basa. Zvinhu zvinozivikanwa, staging, kuseka kwakashata zvishoma, mashura, uye ruzivo rwepanyama zvakawandisa zvakare.
Iri bhuku yakaratidza chiitiko chakakosha mukuzvimirira kwetsika dzeUnited States, kwete nekuda kwezviitiko zveChirungu, asi nekuda kwekufananidzwa kwavo.
MuSpain
Aive mufambi mukuru, ivo kusagadzikana hunhu asi zvakare kurwara izvo hazvina kumutadzisa kubva kuita nzendo dzinoverengeka kunyika yake, Kanadha y Europe. Akanyora nezvavo mune rake mapepanhau, kwaakanyora zvaaiona. Aive pano munguva yake sediplomate, kubvira paakange ari Mumiriri weUnited States muMadrid. Kubva ipapo kwakauya biography yaChristopher Columbus (1828) uye ari Ngano dzeAlhambra (1832).
Zvekupedzisira yakafemerwa nengano dzevanhu uye ngano. Akanga ari mudzidzi mukuru wevanhu, anonyatsocherechedza, uye aigara achinyora manotsi pane zvese. Akayemurwa zvakanyanya netsika uye hupfumi hwenyaya dzekare dzeSpanish, izvo zvaakaunganidza zvakashandiswa kune izvo ngano.
IAmerica Kumadokero
Paakadzokera kuAmerica, akaenderera mberi nekufamba izvo zvakamupa iye zvinhu zvemabasa ake akatevera akatarisa kuAmerican West. Aive mazita sekunge Rwendo kuburikidza nemasango, Astoria o Iyo Adventures yaKaputeni Bonneville. Asi hapana akabudirira kubudirira kwevekare.
Zvirokwazvo
Washington Irving yakapa veruzhinji zvayaida. Nhoroondo uye nhoroondo yemabasa sevaraidzo yezvinyorwa asi zvakakwana zvakanyorwa, uye zvizere ne zvetsika uye zvakajairika zvinobatauye misoro inokwezva.
Zvimwe zvidimbu zve Ngano dzeAlhambra
- Mukuita, ipa muSpanish mumvuri muzhizha, zuva munguva yechando, chimedu chechingwa, gariki, mafuta, mapisi, kapu yekare uye gitare, kunyangwe isiri yake, kurira kwegitare, uye chii umburuka nyika sezvaunoda!
- Rega vamwe vanyunyute nezvekushayikwa kwemigwagwa yakanaka uye mahotera anodadisa nehunyoro hwese hwakaoma hwenyika yakasimwa uye yakabudirira mune hunyoro nenzvimbo yakajairika, asi rega ini ndikwire makomo asina kugadzikana, ndifambe nepakati ndichidzungaira uye nehafu-yetsika tsika, asi kutaura chokwadi kugamuchira vaeni, izvo zvinopa yakanakisa kuravira kune anodikanwa, wekare uye anodanana Spain!