Moto, ndatofa kare
Moto, ndatofa kare inhoroondo yenhoroondo yakanyorwa nemutori wenhau wekuSpain akahwina mubairo uye munyori Julia Navarro. Iro basa rakaburitswa muna 2013, neiyo Plaza & Janés yekuburitsa label. Pamusoro pemhando yaro huru, zita racho rinosanganisa kusahadzika, dhirama uye kukakavara kwepfuti, zvichipa mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye akaomarara, emhando yevanyori vakaita saTolstoy kana Dostoevsky.
Ichi chinyorwa naJulia Navarro inogona kubata mafiibhi akasimba yevaverengi vakawanda, nokuti inotaura nyaya dzinokosha mukukura kwenhoroondo yetsika mbiri dzekumabvazuva dzinonyanya zviratidzo: maJuda nemaArabu. Dambudziko ranga riripo pakati penyika mbiri idzi kwemazana emakore rakaita kuti pave nemafungiro akasiyana-siyana. Mupfungwa iyi, Julia Navarro anogadzira nyaya yakaenzana polarized.
Zvinyorwa zve Moto, ndatofa kare
Kubva kuJerusarema kune nhau huru
Mary Miller mutori wenhau anoshandira sangano risiri rehurumende, iro rinomukumbira kuti anyore mushumo wemutemo wekugara kwemaJuda. Kwazvo, Vanoda kuti abvunzurudze Aaron Zucker, mutungamiri wemauto izvo zvine chekuita nemutemo iwoyo muvanhu veIsraeri. Sezvineiwo mutori wenhau uyu, murume uyu ari kuUnited States, achipinda musangano kuColumbia University.
Imwe yemabhesi emushumo waMiller ndeyekubvunzurudza maJuda nemaPalestine, kuitira kuwana chiono chakakura uye chisingasaruri chekukonana pakati pemarudzi ose ari maviri. Achifunga izvozvo, anogadzirira kuita nguva yokuonana nomurwi wacho.
Paunotaura nemufambisi, anotaura izvozvo munhu akafanana naye -uyo anorarama nechido chakanaka chavanhu Iwe haugone kutarisira chimwe chinhu kubva kune vako vabvunzurudza., vari munzvimbo dzine hondo.
Mubvunzurudzo asingatarisirwi
Mutori wenhau haigone kubata Aaron Zucker, saka anomanikidzwa kubvunzurudza baba vake, Ezequiel Zucker. Pakutanga, Miller anoodzwa mwoyo zvikuru, nokuti anofunga kuti, panzvimbo pokubvunza mibvunzo kumuvhimi wemakava anobva kuIsrael, achataura neshiri duku. Zvisinei, murume iyeye, zvichida, ave nezviitiko zvakawanda kupfuura mwanakomana wake. Kutaura zvazviri, anoziva zvakadzama nyaya dzevamwe avo, mune imwe nguva, vaigara zvakananga nevaPalestine.
Kuchinjana kwekutanga kwebvunzurudzo kwakanetsa, kubva Marian achishora mudhara nekuda kwebasa remaJuda mudiaspora iro Palestine ratambura nekuda kwekugara. Murume wacho, asingabwairi, anopindura kuti mitemo iyi haisi capricious, uye kuti, chero zvakadaro, tsika iri kungoedza kudzosa nyika yaakaberekerwa.
Nyaya zvipo uye zvidzidzo
Nyaya yaEzekieri inoratidzira baba vake, Samuel Zucker, semutambi wayo. Saka, Rondedzero yaro inodzokera kuzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, nguva ye tsarist Russia. Mukati menguva iyoyo, maJuda vaive vanyajambwa vepogroms, kuurayiwa kwevanhu kunoenderana nerusarura uye kurwisa maSemite.
Mukuchinjana nekutaura zvakaitika kuna baba vake, Ezequiel anopa zano kuna Miller a Quid pro Quo. Ndiko kuti, achamupa mamwe mashoko kana akabvuma kumuudza pamusoro pemaonero ake anopesana pamusoro pemakakatanwa.
Mukadzi, atove achifadzwa nehurukuro inofadza yemurume wekare, anobvumirana naye kugadzira kuchinjana, apo mumwe nomumwe achataura nyaya.. Kufanana uku kunomanikidza mutambi uyu kuti abve pachinangwa chake chekutanga, nepo asingakwanisi kuita kunze kwekunzwira tsitsi maJuda nevanhu vePalestine.
Kutanga kwekukonana
Semuhondo chero ipi zvayo, pane maonero maviri kana anopfuura. Muchiedza chebhuku iri, zvose zvakatanga rinhi, nokuda kwemutemo unotyisa, MaJuda aifanira kutiza kubva kuRussia nePoland. Vazhinji vavo vakatizira kuParis, nekuda kwekutengesa kwavo sevatengesi. Gare gare, vanosarudza kuenda kuNyika Yakapikirwa vachibva kuchiteshi chengarava cheJaffa. Apa ndipo apo nhoroondo yavo inopindirana neyemaPalestine.
Izvi zvekupedzisira, iye, Vaitongwa neOttoman Empire, uyo, pakati pezana remakore rechiXNUMX, akakunda vaByzantine ndokuchinja zita reConstantinople kuti Istanbul. Panguva imwe cheteyo, vakavhara mikova yepfuma yokuMabvazuva kunyika dzeEurope, zvikurukuru kumaguta eIberia Peninsula. Zvisinei, zvikuru kuzvidemba kwake, pashure Vanofanira kukumbira madzimambo echiKatorike rubatsiro rwekuveza nzira inoenda kuMabvazuva, izvo zvinovaendesa kuyambuka Atlantic Ocean.
Hushamwari hune ngozi
Samuel Zucker anosvika muPalestine panguva ye Hondo Yenyika Yokutanga. Munguva iyi, nyika yakanga ichiri chikamu cheOttoman Empire. Sezvo nzvimbo inotongwa neTurks, maArabu akaita saAhmed Zaid anongokwanisa kuwana hutongi hwenzvimbo dzakaderera, uye haagamuchire mibairo yakakwana yebasa ravo.
Muchirevo ichi, Varidzi venzvimbo vanokumbira mamwe mabhenefiti kubva kune avo varidzi veminda. Asi ivo vanonyanya kunetseka nekufadza madzishe eTurkey feudal, saka vanosarudza kudzinga vatariri. Vaona zviri kuitika, Samueri nevamwe varume vanotenga munda wacho. Zvisinei, muJudha, anobva kumagariro evanhu, anofunga kuti anofanira kuchengeta Ahmed Zaid semutungamiri.
Bindu reTariro
Kana yaiswa, Samuel anosarudza kuita "Garden of Hope", chiitiko cheutopian socialist. Mariri, muJudha anovimbisa Ahmed kuti haazombomudzingi. Panguva imwecheteyo, Samuel anoziva kodzero dzine maPalestine pamusoro pevhu. Mabatirwo aya anoruka pakati pevarume ushamwari hwepedyo uye hwepachokwadi, asiwo nhevedzano yemakakatanwa etsika nechitendero.
Saizvozvo, Hukama huri pakati pemhuri dzaSamuel naAhmed hunokanganiswa nematambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika izvo zvinotanga kuve nemhedzisiro panharaunda yePalestine panguva yakasara yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga.
Nezve munyori, Julia Navarro
Julia navarro
Julia navarro akaberekwa muna 1953, muMadrid, Spain. Ndiye mwanasikana wemumwe mutori wenhau Felipe Navarro (Yale), saka, kubva paudiki kwazvo, aive akakomberedzwa nenharaunda yenhau. Munyori akatanga basa rake panguva yeSpanish Transition. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akamubvumira kuti asangane nekutapa nhau nenzira ine mhirizhonga uye inonakidza, mune danho repamusoro iro rakatungamira Iberian Peninsula kugadzira Bumbiro.
Kubva makore iwayo, Julia Navarro anozivikanwa semutori wenhau wezvematongerwo enyika. Munyori akashanda mune akati wandei midhiya, seOTR/Europa Press Agency, kwaakaburitsa akati wandei maonero echikamu cheEscaño Cero. Navarro anoratidza kuti akatanga kunyora ngano netsaona. Kubva ipapo, haana kukwanisa kumira, uye akabudirira kwazvo zvokuti, nanhasi, mashoko enziyo ndiro basa rake guru.
Mamwe mabhuku naJulia Navarro
Mabhuku enhau
- Isu, shanduko (1995);
- 1982-1996, pakati paFelipe naAznar (1996);
- Kuruboshwe kunouya (1998);
- Madam president (1999);
- Iyo itsva socialism: chiono chaJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero / 2001).
Novelas
- Hukama hweChitsvene Chakafukidza (2004);
- Bhaibheri revhu (2005);
- Ropa revasina mhosva (2007);
- Ndiudze kuti ndiri ani (2010);
- Nyaya yemusikanzwa (2016);
- Hausi kuuraya (2018);
- Kubva pasina (2021);
- nhoroondo yakagoverwa (2023).