Biography uye mabasa aMario Vargas Llosa

Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa (1936 - aripo) anga ari mumwe wevanonyanya kukosha vanyori munhoroondo yemazuva ano, zvinyorwa zvake zvakapihwa kakawanda. Mubairo weNobel wemabhuku uye iyo Cervantes Prize ndeimwe yemitero yakanyorwa nemunyori.

Kumuka kwake kuzivikanwa neruzhinji kwakaitika mumakumi matanhatu nemanoveli akasiyana siyana. Mune dzakawanda dzenyaya dzake akataura maonero ake akananga kuva mugari wePeruvia, zvisinei, pamusoro pemakore, yakawedzera kune dzimwe tsika.

Biography

Kuberekwa uye mhuri

Mario Akazvarwa munaKurume 28, 1936 muPeru. Vabereki vake vaive Ernesto Vargas naDora Llosa, akabva kumhuri yepakati yepakati. Vakarambana nguva pfupi yapfuura, murume uyu akange anyengera amai vake, Vargas akaenda nemhuri yake yamai kuBolivia uye vakamuita kuti atende kuti baba vake vakafa.

Nekuda kwekudanana kwaErnesto Vargas, vaviri vana vakazvarwa, vanun'una vaMario. Zvinosuruvarisa, mukuru akafa aine makore gumi nerimwe kubva ku leukemia; mudiki achiri mupenyu igweta uye mugari wemuAmerica.

Studies

Sekuru vaVargas vakakwanisa kubata purazi muBolivia, ndipo paakatanga chikoro chake chepuraimari. Muna 1945 vakadzokera kuPeru uye vakasanganazve nababa vake. Nekuraira kwake, chikamu cheaccalaureate yake chakapinda muchikoro chemauto, muna 1952 akapedza gore rake rekupedzisira pachikoro cheSan Miguel de Piura.

Akatanga kudzidza zvemutemo uye zvinyorwa kuUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos mu1953. Pazera ramakore 19 akaroora Julia Urquidi uye muna 1958, kune chinyorwa chake Mabhesi ekududzirwa kwaRubén Dario, akakunda iyo Javier Padro kudzidza kuti adzidze dhigirii repashure kuComplutense University yeMadrid.

Makore muEurope

Muna 1960 mari yechikoro yaMario yakapera uye akaenda kuParis mune tariro yekuti achazopihwa kudzidza zvakare. Paakasvika muGuta reKwayedza, akaziva kuti chikumbiro chake chakange charambwa uye akafunga kumbotora nguva muFrance. Munguva iyi, Vargas Llosa akanyora zvakawanda.

Kutanga kwebasa rake

Akarambana muna 1964, gore rakatevera akaroorazve Patricia Llosa, vakaita vana vatatu uye vakashanyira Guta reKwayedza. Yaive muParis apo munyori akapedzisa nhaurwa yake Guta nembwa (1964).

Nyaya yacho yakapihwa mupfupi Raibhurari Mubairo, ichipa munyori chinzvimbo chikuru. Kuzivikanwa uku kwakamupa mukurumbira kumunyori, akaenderera mberi nekugadzirwa kwemabasa. Carmen Balcellse akazove mumiriri wake wemabhuku uye akakwanisa kuita madhiri akanaka nevaparidzi. Yenyaya yake: Imba yakasvibira Akapihwa mubairo weRómulo Gallegos mu1967.

Basa rezvematongerwo enyika

Mario Vargas Llosa akatanga kufarira zvematongerwo enyika, kwekanguva akatsigira zvinangwa zvaFidel Castro; Nekudaro, mumakumi manomwe, akatsoropodza shanduko yeCuba zvakanyanya, nekuti munyori anga achigara ari munhu anoda rusununguko. Muna 1985 akashongedzwa neFrance neLegion of Honor uye makore mashanu gare gare akatanga basa rake rezvematongerwo enyika.

Inotsigirwa nezvido zvako zveruzhinji, Muna 1990 Vargas akashuvira chinzvimbo cheMutungamiri wePeru nebato reDemocratic Front, rinozivikanwa saFredemo. Akarasikirwa nemubvunzo kuna Alberto Fujimori, akapomerwa, makore mushure mekurairwa kwake, kwekuita mhosva dzakanangana nekodzero dzevanhu.

Zviitiko zvakakosha

Iye munyori akapihwa iyo Cervantes Prize muna 1994. Akave akagadzwa muSpain uye kubvira 1996 ari nhengo yeRoyal Academy. Muna 2005 akaverengerwa semunyori werudzi rwePeruvia nekuzivikanwa kukuru pasi rese.

Makore mashanu gare gare akahwina mubairo wepamusoro soro kuchikwereti chake, mubayiro weNobel weMabhuku. Nhau idzi dzaishamisa kumunyori, nekuti, kunyangwe aive mumwe wevanodiwa, anga asiri iye wekutanga gore iro. Vargas aidzidzisa paPricenton University muNew York.

Kuvaka

Nyaya dzavo dzakagadzirwa zvakanakazvisinei, zvinosanganisira kuseka uye kuseka. Mazhinji ezvinyorwa zvake zvakagadzirwa kunze kwePeru, izvi zvakamupa maonero akawandisa enyika iyoyo, iyo yaakanyora achidzokorora. Nhau dzake dzinonyanya kukosha dzave dziri:

Novelas

Guta nembwa (1964).

Imba yakasvibira (1965).

Kukurukurirana muchechi yepamusoro (1969).

Tete Julia naMunyori (1977).

Mutambo wembudzi (2000).

Ngano

Vakuru (1959).

Imbwa (1967).