Mwedzi unotevera wa octubre iyo 100 makore emakore chokwadi chakakosha munhoroondo yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX: Shanduko yeRussia. Uye zvechokwadi, iyo yekutsikisa chiitiko yakazadzwa nemazita ezita nezvake. Iyo zvinyorwa zvekare uye kuongororwa kwenhoroondo kwezviitiko uye mavara inonyanya kukosha uye ine simba.

Kune wese munhu anofarira chidzidzo ichi, hezvino vanoenda mazita mashanu inoratidzwa ayo ari mumutsara wekutanga wemashalofu uye mahwindo ezvitoro ezvitoro zvese zvemabhuku. Kunyangwe vanopfuura mumwe chete vanofanira kuvatarisa kana, panzvimbo pacho, verenga zvakanaka. Kwechinguva ikozvino Lenin nekambani vanga vakamutswa zvikuru. Ngatione.

Chitima chaLenin - Catherine Merridale

Catherine Merridale anotsanangudza dudziro nyowani yezviitiko izvi nevatevedzeri vavo. Dzokorora uyeiye anodzidzisa rwendo rwakaitwa naLenin nevamwe vake mungoro yakavharwa kubva kuGerman kuenda kuPetrograd. Hurumende yeGerman yakafunga kubatsira boka revapanduki vakatapwa muSwitzerland kuti vadzokere kuRussia uye kubatsira kubvisa muhondo. Nekudaro, kana achinge ariko, Lenin akakunda zvinangwa zveavo vaida kuti chimurenga chipere nekutanga bourgeois republic. Chinangwa chayo: nzira inoenda kusocialism, kune yakasarudzika uye isina vanhu nzanga.

Merridale zvakare inorondedzera pfungwa dzeavo vakaona rwendo irworwo. Nekuti ivo vaibvira pane avo vaifunga kuti Lenin aibva pamupengo kusvika kune avo vaitenda kuti anozosungwa kana kupfurwa nekukasika achingosvika. Zviripachena kuti vese vaive vakanganisa.

Shanduko yeRussia - Christopher Chikomo

Iri bhuku nemunyori wenhoroondo Christopher Hill ndeye yakasarudzika yekare nezve musoro wenyaya. Inodzorerwa pachiitiko chezana remakore. Akaedza kumisikidza nzvimbo iyo Lenin aifanira kutora munhoroondo "uye iyo Revolution iro raive basa rake rehupenyu." Panguva imwecheteyo, iri sumo yakakosha kune izvo zvairehwa neRussia Revolution.

Tsamba dzinobva kuBolshevik Revolution - Jacques Sadoul

El munhu wekutanga uchapupu naFrance kaputeni, gweta, wezvematongerwo enyika uye munyori Jacques Sadoul anozvionera ega iwo maidi.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I nhumwa dzeFrance dzakaenda kuRussia kunowana rutsigiro rwemauto kurwisa maEntente. Pakamuka Chimurenga chaGumiguru, Sadoul akaramba kudzokera kuFrance uye akatanga kubatana musangano reRed Army. Aive mumwe wevaikurudzira mhirizhonga yakanangana nekutora kweUkraine muFrance uye akazove mumwe wevadziviriri vehutongi hwechiKomonisiti.

Sadoul aive muvambi weFrench Communist Party uye zvakare a nhamba ine nharo zvese mukati nekunze kwake. Anokwikwidza musarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika, akatongerwa rufu nedare remauto uye anogara achinyanyisa mune ake sarudzo dzezvematongerwo enyika uye ega.

Shanduko yeRussia. Iyo fekitori yenzanga nyowani - Maria Teresa Largo Alonso

Uyu purofesa yeGeography uye Nhoroondo yeSekondari Dzidzo inotipa zita iri kupi inoongorora kukunda kweshanduko kwaida kufungidzira nzanga yakaringana uye isina kuenzana munyika hombe, inodzokera kumashure yaive Russia mukupera kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Shanduko iyo kwenguva yekutanga yakaisa bato rinomiririra vashandi kumusoro kweHurumende huru uye iyo yakaparadzira modhi yayo pasirese. Asi hondo dzakateedzana dzezana ramakore rechiXNUMX uye kwavo kwekudzvinyirira kwakakurumidza kukanganisa zvinangwa zvechimurenga.

Chitsauko chakatsaurirwa basa revakadzi chinoratidzwa mukumukira, vese vemakirasi epamusoro uye neevashandi.

Shanduko yeRussia - Richard Mapombi

Zvikwepa, ane mbiri mukurumbira wezvematongerwo enyika anoshanda muRussia yemazuva ano, rakaburitswa muna 1992 iri zita pamusoro pechimurenga iro, kuvatsoropodzi vazhinji, risati rapfuurwa. Vanoitsanangura seyakakura uye inonakidza nekuda kwekurondedzerwa kwesangano rine chinangwa cheku "shandura pasi rose," sekureva kwaTrotsky. Zvikwepa inotsanangura shanduko yehungwaru kwete yekirasi imwe, yakatarwa kubva pakutanga nekutyisa uye nezvinhu zvekubvuta.