An haifi Charlotte Brontë shekaru 200 da suka gabata

A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1816, marubuciya Charlotte Brontë ta shigo duniya ba tare da zargin ko sisin kobo ba game da rayuwarta ta gaba a matsayinta na marubuciya.

Rashin mahaifiyarta, canjin wurin da ta biyo baya zuwa mawuyacin ƙasashe na Yorkshire, ko aikinta a cikin makaranta inda zata kamu da cutar tarin fuka wasu daga cikin abubuwan ne da zasu ƙarfafa aikin ɗayan masu gabatar da adabin mata kuma, musamman , daga Jane Eyre, sanannen littafin nata.

'Yar'uwar Agnes da Emily Brontë, marubucin wannan mahimmancin wallafe-wallafen soyayya kamar Wuthering Heights, Charlotte Brontë da yau ta cika 200 kenan.

Brontë da mata da wuri

Ni ba tsuntsu ba ne, kuma ba a kama ni a raga ba: Ni mutum ne, da nufin kaina

Maganar daga Jane Eyre ba kawai ta bayyana maƙasudin ɗayan ba haruffa mata da suka fi birge mutane a cikin adabi Maimakon haka, a wata hanya, ya bayyana wani ɓangare na hangen nesan mace, Charlotte Brontë, da aka ɓoye a ɓoye sunan namiji a lokacin da kasancewa mace da marubuci ra'ayoyi biyu ne na ɗan kusanci.

An haife ta a 1816 a Thronton, a Yorkshire (Burtaniya), Charlotte Brontë tana da 'yan uwa biyar, abokan haɗin gwiwa tare da su wanda ta rage sassaucin ƙasashen da ke cikin ƙauyukan Ingilishi ta hanyar rubuta labarai da tunanin wasu duniyoyi, musamman bayan sun koma garin Haworth .

Lokacin da mahaifiyarta ta mutu a cikin 1921, za a tura Charlotte tare da 'yan uwanta mata zuwa lera Can Malamai, wata makaranta a Lancashire inda duk suka kamu da cutar tarin fuka. Yanayin yanayin ɗakin zai zama abin wahayi ga Cibiyar Lowood ta Jane Eyre.

Bayan mutuwar 'yan'uwansu mata guda biyu sakamakon cutar tarin fuka, Anne, Emily da Charlotte za su zama' 'allah uku-uku na wallafe-wallafe' ', ɗayansu yana rubuta littattafan da suka fara aikawa ga masu wallafawa ta hanyar ɓoye maza. Farkon wanda aka fara bugawa shine Jane Eyre (1947), labarin da wata budurwa da aka zagi ta faɗa wa mutum na farko wanda ya kamu da soyayyar maigidan mai ban al'ajabi inda take aiki a matsayin mai mulki, Mista Rochester.

Littafin, wallafar Smith, Elde & Company, ya zama nasarar tallace-tallace, yana haifar da son sani ga masu karatu waɗanda suke son sanin ainihin Kararrawar Currer, sunan namiji wanda Charlotte yayi amfani da shi a zamanin Victoria lokacin da ba a ɗauki kasancewa marubuciya mace da kyau ba.

Bayan ya bayyana asalinsa a fili, masu sukar lamarin game da littafin sun ragu, kodayake littafin ya ci gaba da sayar da shi sosai a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, sannan bugu na biye da shi.

Hakanan, Charlotte, ƙaramar abokiyar taron jama'a da hargitsi na Landan, ta ci gaba da rubuta littafinta na biyu daga Yorkshire, Shirley (1849), wanda za'a bi villette (1853) ko Malamin, littafin da aka rubuta kafin Jane Eyre amma aka buga shi a cikin 1857.

Bayan auren Arthur Bell Nicholls, mai warkarwa mahaifinta, Charlotte ya kasance yana da ciki har zuwa 31 ga Maris, 1885, lokacin da ta mutu tare da jaririn da take tsammani daga tarin fuka.

Kyautar Charlotte Brontë

Jane Eyre na ɗaya daga cikin littattafan da suka fi tasiri a cikin adabin Ingilishi, wani yanki ne da ke maimaituwa a manyan makarantu kuma tushen kwarin gwiwa ga sauran marubutan zamani kamar Sylvia Plath, saboda ban da Ingilishi, Jane Eyre ta kasance wani labari ne na mata da "zurfin zurfin rai," kamar yadda mai sukar ya ayyana a 'yan watanni bayan wallafawa.

Hakanan, mahimmin aikin Charlotte Brontë ya jawo waƙoƙi, fina-finai (sabon salo, wanda Mia Wasikowska da Michael Fassbender suka fito dashi) har ma da wasan kwaikwayo.

Yin amfani da shekaru biyu na haihuwarsa, National Gallery Gallery a London yana nuna hoto kawai na 'yan uwan ​​Bront B, wanda aka samo a cikin 1906.

Hakanan, an sake maido da tsohuwar gidan da ke Haworth, a Yammacin Yorkshire a matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya, inda Brontë Society ke jagorantar rangadi, wanda ya dawo da kowane irin abu na dangin.

Yau ake bikin cika shekaru 200 da haihuwar Charlotte Brontë, mahaliccin abin da ake ɗauka ɗayan manyan ayyukane na adabin Ingilishi kuma alama ce ta mace ta adabi wacce, duk da yawan nuna ƙyamar zamanin Victoriya, ta kai karni na ashirin wanda zai nuna cikakken tasirinsa ga al'adu da al'adu. wasiƙu.