Tarihin rayuwar Octavio Paz

Idan zamuyi magana Octavio SunDole ne mu fara tsara shi a zamanin adabi don mu fahimci aikinsa sosai. Octavio Paz na daga lokacin da aka kera shi waƙoƙin bayan-gaba-garde. Idan aka watsar da waka a gaba a shekarun 20, to Octavio Paz na daga lokacin ne bayan wannan avant-garde, wanda zai faru a 30s.

30s sun rayu ne a lokacin babban rikici na siyasa da zamantakewar al'umma a duk faɗin duniya, wanda ya fi dacewa da wayewar marubutan da suka rayu a wancan lokacin. Don haka, marubuta kamar César Vallejo o Pablo Neruda sun canza zuwa ga sake halittar mutum daga wakokinsa. Wakokin Hispano-Ba'amurke, ba tare da bayyanannen watsi da nasarorin da aka samu a zamanin ba, ya ƙara jaddada himmarsa ga gaskiyar da ake rayuwa, amma a cikin wannan juyin har zuwa yau da muke rayuwa a yau, ya bambanta zuwa hanyoyi daban-daban da rarrabu. .

Ba Octavio Paz ne kaɗai yake cikin wannan lokacin ba post-avant-garde amma kuma mawaka kamar Nicolas Guillén, tare da sananne kamar baitin waka, Nicanor Parra tare da su "Tarihi" y "Kayan tarihi", Mai dadi Maria Loynaz tare da shi "Shayari tsarkakakku", Eduardo Carranza mai sanya hoto tare da shi gargajiya o Ernest Cardinal, wanda daga matsayinsa na addini, ya rera waƙoƙin bege game da makomar bil'adama.

Amma idan muka mai da hankali kan adadi wanda ya shafe mu a yau, bari muyi wannan taƙaitaccen tarihin Octavio Paz: rayuwa da aiki.

Rayuwa da aikin Octavio Paz

An haifi Octavio Paz a shekara ta 1914 a garin Mexico kuma ya mutu a 1998 a garinsu.. Ya kasance mawaƙi (kamar yadda muka fada a baya), mawaƙi, marubuci kuma masanin diflomasiyya na Mexico, kuma idan akwai wani abu da ya yi fice, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, a bayyane yake, shi ne cewa an ba shi lambar yabo ta Nobel ta Adabi a 1990. Aikinsa na diflomasiyya zai ba shi damar samun damar zama a Faransa, inda ya yi mu'amala da sassaucin ra'ayi. Ya kuma yi tafiya a cikin ƙasarmu, Spain, ban da sanin Indiya da Japan.

Akidar wannan marubucin a koyaushe tana da alaƙa da hagu kuma saboda haka ne ya nuna fifikon ga 'yan jamhuriya a lokacin yaƙin basasar Spain wanda ya tsara ayoyin da suka yi waka da take "Ba wucewa ba". Baya ga wannan bangare na sadaukarwa, dole ne mu nuna babban tasirin da falsafar gabas da tunani suka bar masa yayin zaman sa a wannan nahiya, wanda ya bayyana a cikin aikin sa.

Ya tsunduma cikin aiki inda mahimmin abin damuwa shine yare. Aikinsa "Baka da garaya" (1956), rubutu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ya sa muka fahimci waƙoƙin wannan marubucin ɗan Mexico: abubuwa kamar waƙa da waƙa, harshe, kari, tsarkakewa na wannan lokacin, na yanzu, na yanzu, suna yin tambayoyi masu ban tsoro game da wannan rubutun . A gefe guda, aikinsa "Sun dutse", wanda aka buga a cikin 1957, ɗayan ɗayan waƙoƙin Latin Amurka ne masu faɗi da mahimmanci, inda kalmomi daban-daban na waƙoƙi (duniya, dangantakar I-you, yanzu, kai tsaye, bincike, lalata, ...) suna cakuɗewa tare da tunanin mawaƙin akan shi mai kirkira aiwatar. "Fari" (1967) ya zama waƙar sarari, ana iya karanta karatun ta hanyoyi daban-daban, tare da babban abun ciki na batsa da damuwa na yare sosai. Aikinsa "A baya a sarari" (1978) hanya ce, bincike ne wanda yake farawa da tunani da nutsuwa game da tsarin rubutun kanta.

10 Yankin jumla daga Octavio Paz wanda koyaushe zamu tuna dashi

• «An haifi soyayya daga murkushewa; abokantaka na musayar da yawa da tsawan lokaci ».
• "Lalata da waƙoƙi: na farko kwatanci ne ga jima'i, na biyu lalata harshe."
• "Hasashe cikin 'yanci yana canza duniya kuma yana lalata abubuwa."
• "Kare dabi'a kare maza ne".
• "A kowane haduwar batsa akwai halin da ba a gani kuma mai aiki koyaushe: tunanin."
• «Babu mutanen da suka yi imani da gwamnatinsu. Mafi yawa, mutane sun yi murabus.
• "Waƙa dole ne ta ɗan bushe don a kona ta da kyau, kuma ta haka ne za su haskaka mu kuma su ji ɗumi."
• '' Rashin kulawar da Mexiko ɗin ya yi game da mutuwa yana cike da halin ko in kula ga rayuwa. ''
• "Ba tare da dimokiradiyya ba, 'yanci chimera ne".
• "Al'ummar da ba ta da 'yanci na zabe, al'umma ce da ba ta da murya, ba ta idanu, kuma ba ta da makami."