Stefan Zweig Magana
Don yin magana game da mafi kyawun litattafai na Stefan Zweig shine bincika aikin marubuci ƙwararren marubuci wanda ya san yadda ake fice a cikin nau'ikan labari daban-daban. Hakika, yawancin littattafansa sun zama sananne a Turai a lokacin tsaka-tsakin lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, da yawa daga cikin tarihin rayuwarsa sun karya bayanan tallace-tallace har ma da na Marie Antoinette an kawo shi ga babban allo a 1938.
Hakazalika, Marubucin Australiya ya kasance sananne godiya ga litattafai irin su m ibada (1938) ko Chess labari (1941), da sauransu. Hakazalika, ya kasance daya daga cikin shahararrun mutanen zamaninsa da suka yi magana karara kan adawa da farkisanci a Jamus bayan yakin duniya na daya.
Mafi kyawun littattafan Stefan Zweig
tarin gaibu (1925)
Ka yi la'akari da Sammlung Sunan asali a cikin Jamusanci - Gajeren labari ne mai ban mamaki da masu sukar adabi na lokacin suka yaba.. Labari ne da aka zuga daga wahalhalun da hauhawar farashin kaya da aka fuskanta a Jamus a shekarun 1920. A can, Zweig ya gabatar da wani dattijo makaho wanda ya mallaki tarin littattafai masu kyau wanda matarsa da 'yarsa suka yaudare shi.
Musamman, an gaya wa jarumin cewa Jamusawa sun yi nasara a yakin. Hakanan, 'Yan uwansa sun sayar da ayyukan fasaha don su tsira kuma sun maye gurbinsu da kwafi. Wadannan kwafi a kai a kai tsohon dattijon, wanda ya cika da girman kai lokacin da ya ji su (gaskiya su ne asali).
Wasu bayanai game da labarin
Babban abin da jama'a da masu suka suka fi yabawa shi ne yadda Zweig ya shiga wani hali na waje (mai horo) don zurfafa makircin yaudara. A wannan bangaren, Musamman tarin gaibu jefa kansa cikin tome Kalaidoscope (1936). A'a Koyaya, a halin yanzu yana yiwuwa a sami wannan take ɗaya ɗaya (buɗin Mutanen Espanya na 2016 littafi ne mai shafi 86).
Rikicin ji (1927)
Ma'anar sunan farko Gefühle (a Jamusanci) Wani ɗan gajeren labari ne wanda ya haifar da babban tasiri da cece-kuce a cikin al'ummar bourgeois na Turai na 20s.. Wannan shi ne saboda tsarin da ba a ɓoye ba game da wasu batutuwa masu ƙaya a wancan lokacin: 'yan mata da maza. Bugu da kari, marubucin dan kasar Austriya ya yi amfani da yanayin da ke cikin rubutun don fadada sha'awar Shakespeare.
Don yin wannan, Zweig ya kirkiro halayen wani sanannen farfesa wanda tun yana cika shekaru sittin da haihuwa, ba zai iya boye wani sirri da ya boye tun yana matashi ba. Sannan, Jarumin ya fara wata baƙuwar dangantaka da sabon abokin aikinsa, wanda gaba ɗaya ya canza dangantakar da matarsa. Don haka, yana canza ra'ayinsa na wallafe-wallafe da alaƙa mai tasiri a gaba ɗaya.
Lokacin taurari na ɗan adam (1927)
Wannan littafi maƙala ce da ta ƙunshi gungun sabbin guraben adabi waɗanda ke magana kan al'amuran tarihi masu wuce gona da iri ga dukkan bil'adama. Rubutun ya fara da gabatarwa kafin a ci gaba da bayanin abubuwan taurari goma sha hudu da Zweig ya zaba.. An ambace su a ƙasa:
- "Cicero, Maris 15, 44 BC";
- "Cutar Byzantium. Mayu 29, 1453";
- "Tashi zuwa Rashin Mutuwa: Gano Tekun Pacific, Satumba 25, 1513";
- "Tashin matattu na Georg Friedrich Händel, Agusta 21, 1741";
- "Mai hazaka na dare: La Marseillaise, Afrilu 25, 1792";
- "Miniti na Universal Waterloo: Napoleon, Yuni 18, 1815";
- Marienbad Elegy: Goethe tsakanin Karlsbad da Weimar, Satumba 5, 1823 ″;
- "Ganowar El Dorado: JA Sutter, California, Janairu 1848";
- "Lokacin Jarumi: Dostoevsky, St. Petersburg, Semenovsk Square, Disamba 22, 1849";
- "Kalmar Farko A Ketare Tekun: Cyrus W. Field, Yuli 28, 1858";
- «Tashi zuwa ga Allah. Epilogue zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na Leo Tolstoy wanda ba a gama ba Haske yana haskakawa a cikin Duhu, ƙarshen Oktoba 1910»;
- Yaƙi don Pole ta Kudu: Kyaftin Scott, 90 digiri latitude. Janairu 19, 1912";
- "Tsarin da aka rufe: Lenin, Afrilu 9, 1917";
- "Wilson ya kasa, Afrilu 15, 1919".
littafin dara (1941)
Manyan abokan hamayya biyu sun hadu a wasan dara a cikin jirgin ruwa. A gefe guda shi ne Mirko Czentović, zakaran duniya na yanzu wanda dabarunsa suka yi koyi da sarrafa na'ura. A daya, wani fasinja da ba a sani ba ya bayyana - da Dr B- wanda ya dogara da wasansa a kan matsalolin da ya fuskanta ('yan Gestapo sun ɗaure shi kuma sun azabtar da shi).
Yayin da yake kurkukun Jamus, B ya saci littafin darasi kuma ya yi tunanin wasanni marasa adadi a matsayin wata hanya ta rage masa baƙin ciki. Duk da haka, wasan da Czentovic ya sake tayar da mummunan halin da ake ciki yayin da yake tsinkaya sakamakon wasan. Tuni a cikin karyata labarin, Dr. ya bayyana shan kashin da ya yi a kan wani abokin gaba da ba ya gajiyawa.
Sauran lakabin da ba a rasa ta Stefan Zweig
- Wasika daga baƙo (Brief einer Unbekannten, 1922)
- Marie Antoinette (1932);
- m ibada (Ungeduld des Herzens, 1939);
- Duniyar jiya (1942);
- Abubuwan maye na metamorphosis (Rausch der Verwandlung, 1982).
* Laƙabi biyu na ƙarshe sun yi daidai da wallafe-wallafen bayan mutuwa.
Biography Stefan Zweig
An haife shi a Vienna, Ostiriya, a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 1881—ya zama ɗan ƙasar Biritaniya a shekara ta 1939—a cikin dangin Yahudawa masu arziki. Ya sami digirinsa na uku a fannin Falsafa daga Jami'ar Vienna., inda ya kuma karanci fannonin da suka shafi adabi. A cikin 1901, ya fara halartan adabinsa tare da tarin wakoki igiyoyin azurfa.
Stefan zweig
A 1904 ya buga littafinsa na farko. -abubuwan al'ajabi na rayuwa-, wanda a ciki ya nuna da yawa
zurfin tunani a cikin ginin halayen su. Lokacin da Babban Yakin ya barke, ya rike mukamin ofishi a cikin sojojin Austro-Hungary. Duk da haka, tun daga lokacin marubucin dan kasar Austriya ya bayyana matsayinsa na yaki da yaki a fili, saboda haka, aka ayyana shi bai cancanci yin yaki ba.
Matar farko da tsarkakewar adabi
Zweig ya kammala rubuce-rubuce da yawa a cikin ayyukansa na jarida, litattafai, wasan kwaikwayo, tarihin rayuwa, sake maimaitawa da fassara. Alamun tafiye-tafiyensa da yawa sun bayyana a yawancin rubutunsa, kodayake Salzburg birni ne na zama na kusan shekaru ashirin. A can, ya zauna tare da Friderike Maria Burger von Winternitz, wacce ita ce matarsa tsakanin 1920 zuwa 1938.
Marubucin Viennese ya kai kololuwar adabi a cikin shekarun 20. A gaskiya ma, wasu littattafansa -Lokacin taurari na ɗan adam (1927), misali- Sun zama mafi kyawun masu siyar da lokacinsu.. Duk da nasarar da aka samu na buga littattafai, ƙarfafawar Nazi a cikin shekaru goma da suka biyo baya ya sa ya kasance da wahala a buga littattafansa.
Mata ta biyu, tafiya da mutuwa
A cikin shekaru kafin yakin duniya na biyu, gwamnatocin farkisanci na Jamus da Italiya sun hana aikinsa. A cikin 1939, marubucin Viennese ya auri Charlotte Elisabeth Altmann. Bayan barkewar yakin, shi da matarsa sun zauna na wasu watanni a birnin Paris. Bayan haka, sun bi ta London, Amurka, Jamhuriyar Dominican, Argentina da Uruguay.
A ƙarshe, Ma'auratan sun zauna a Petropolis, Brazil, inda suka kashe kansu (saboda yawan shan magani) Fabrairu 22, 1942. Dangane da haka, matarsa ta farko ta rubuta cewa Zweig ya kasance mutum mai saurin kamuwa da baƙin ciki na dogon lokaci tun lokacin ƙuruciyarsa. Hoton duniya na farkon shekarun 40 mai yiwuwa ya yi masa rauni sosai.