Quartet ta Alexandria jerin litattafai ne -Justine, Balthazar, Tsaunin sama y Tsaga- wanda marubucin Burtaniya Lawrence G. Durrell ya kirkira. Wanda kuma ya kasance sanannen mawaƙi, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, marubucin littattafan tafiye-tafiye da tarihin rayuwa. Duk da yake wannan tetralogy ya kasance aikin da aka yaba masa sosai saboda niyyarsa ta, kamar Quintet na Avignon, bayyana dangantakar mutumtaka.
A saboda wannan dalili, Durrell ya kirkiro takaddama dangane da kwarewar wasu abokai waɗanda suka raba wani ɓangare na rayuwar su ta yau da kullun a garin Alexandria, Egypt. (Kafin da kuma bayan Kofin Duniya na Biyu). Daidai, godiya ga takamaiman tsarin kowace bayarwa, ana samun nau'uka daban-daban guda huɗu, sabanin juna kuma, a lokaci guda, suna dacewa na wannan labarin.
Wasu bayanai game da marubucin
Ofan baƙon Burtaniya ne, an haifi Lawrence George Durrell a Jalandar, Indiya, a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1912. Tun yana ƙarami An tura shi karatu ne a Ingila, canjin da ba ya yarda da shi kuma yana da mummunan tasiri akan zaman su na jami'a. Bayan haka, martani ga wannan halin ya sadaukar da kansa ga rubutu. Ta haka ne ya tashi tarin waƙoƙi na farko, Aintaƙƙen aintauka (1931), wanda yake da matsakaiciyar yarda.
A 1938 aka buga shi Littafin baki, Wani labari ɗora Kwatancen da autobiographical sassa cewa ya zama Birtaniya marubucin farko da wallafe-wallafen nasara. Sannan a ciki Cefalu (1948) - littafinsa na farko - yayi bincike ne game da mahimman abubuwan da yake damun ilimi kuma ya nuna farkon sanannen aiki a cikin sahun. Durrell ya mutu a Sommières, Faransa, a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1990.
Wasu daga sanannun ayyukan sa
- Kwayar Prospero (1945)
- Tunani a kan marine Venus (1955)
- Lemo mai ɗaci (1957)
- tunc (1968)
- Nunkwam (1970)
- Sicilian carousel (1977)
- Quintet na Avignon (1985)
- Ganin Provence (1989)
Analysis of Quartet ta Alexandria
Lawrence G. Durrell ya so yayi bayani a cikin tawagarsa game da batun lokaci-lokaci da Albert Einstein ya fallasa a ka'idar dangantakarsa a farkon karni na XNUMX. A cikin kalmomin marubucin kansa, wannan saga —Wanda ya dawwamar da shi a matsayin marubuci- fallasa matsayin tsakiyar axis "binciken soyayyar zamani."
Hakanan, masu karatu da manazarta adabi suna ɗaukar wannan yanki azaman wakilci mai daukaka na abubuwan da suka faru a Masar kafin yakin duniya na biyu. A wannan ma'anar, kowane juzu'i na baiti huɗu yana nuna cewa haruffa iri ɗaya waɗanda aka tsara a cikin mahallin yau da kullun za a iya sha'awar su ta mahangar daban kuma a fassara su daban.
Manufa da sassan tetralogy
A karkashin manufofin da aka nuna a sakin layi na baya, Durrell ya kirkiro jerin littattafai guda huɗu waɗanda suka zama cikakkun labaran. Na ukun farko, -Justine, Balthazar y Tsaunin sama- wakiltar girman Euclidean na sarari. Saboda haka, labarin yana mai da hankali ne akan labarin ɗaya, amma daga ra'ayoyi daban-daban.
Tuni a cikin rubutu na huɗu, Tsaga, marubucin ya hada girman zamani. Sakamakon haka, ci gaban labarin da sakamakon tetralogy ya yiwu. Koda kuwa Durrell ya kasa isar da shi ga masu karatun sa game da ingantattun ka'idojin Einstein, yana da alama ya bayyana wasu tambayoyi game da el amor na zamani.
Ainihin aikin
Kwararrun masana ilimin kimiyya galibi suna haskaka labarin yadda Lawrence George Durrell ya kirkiro rukuni. Tunda tsarin farko na aikin masanin Burtaniya shine ya wakilci ka'idar kimiyya… A qarshe, ya zama abin birgewa Nuwamba an karɓa azaman gado tun daga ƙarni na XNUMX kuma an daraja shi har yau.
Valuesabi'u na asali
Durrell yayi amfani da ƙungiyar abokai waɗanda ke cikin zamanin yakin duniya na II don faɗaɗa tunaninsa. Dangane da wannan, marubucin litattafan Burtaniya ya nuna fifikon dhakikanin darajar abokantaka tsakanin mutane waɗanda ke iya nuna halayya duk da bambancin ra'ayi.
,Ari, yawancin masu sukar ra'ayi sun yarda da yaba wa wannan aikin saboda kyakkyawan wakilcin garin da aka bayyana a cikin mafi girman alatu na daki-daki. A zahiri, babban birni yana da alama kamar ƙarin hali ne. A cikin kalaman marubucin, "garin da ya yi amfani da mu kamar muna da fure ne, wanda ya haɗa mu da rikice-rikicen da ke nasa kuma mun yi kuskuren yarda da namu, ƙaunataccen Alexandria".
Tsaya
Justine (1957)
Kashi na farko ya gudana a cikin birni mai ban sha'awa (amma mai lalacewa) Alexandria na 1930s. Anan marubucin ya bayyana labarin soyayya tsakanin mai suna Justine da Darley, mai ba da labarin.. Ana samun na biyun a farkon labarin a tsibirin Girka wanda babu kowa a ciki tare da Melissa, yarinya 'yar shekara biyu, daughterar tsohon masoyinsa.
A can — a wani irin yanayi - ya tuna zaman sa a Alexandria tare da sauran membobin labarin. Labari ne game da Balthazar, Nessim da Mountolive, waɗanda labarurruka ke haɗe da babbar ma'amala ta ƙauna, abota da cin amana. Haka kuma, Ta hanyar lura da waɗannan haruffa, rashin hankali da salon rayuwar wannan birni na Afirka ya bayyana.
Balthazar (1958)
A cikin littafi na biyu na saga, hujjoji da lokacin da aka gabatar suna kama da na Justine. Bambanci kawai shine ana nuna gaskiyar ta mahangar Dr. Balthazar, Wanda ke ganin Justine a matsayin mace mai lissafi, mai sanyi kuma cike da niyyar duhu. Dangane da haka, a gare shi dangantakar da ke tsakaninta da Darley ta samo asali ne daga shirin da ya saba wa ƙa'idodin ƙauna.
Tsaunin sama (1959)
A kashi na uku, wani hangen nesa ya auku; ya ta'allaka ne kan saurayin diflomasiyyar Ingilishi David Mountolive. Wannan halayyar tana rayuwa da kyakkyawar dangantaka tare da mace da ta girme shi. Additionari ga haka, yana cikin wata dabara ta siyasa. Bayanta akwai Justine da Nessim, saboda haka, labarin ya koma kan soyayya da kuma dabarun ikon siyasa.
Tsaga (1960)
Lawrence George Durrell ya kammala rubutun nasa tare da kyakkyawar kusanci da aikin da ba za a manta da shi ba. Tsaga, yana kawo ɗan lokaci ga saga ta hanyar sake bayyana hanyoyin da sakamakon da duk haruffa ke ɗauka lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare. A gefe guda, Justine an tsare shi a mazauninta kuma Mountolive ya bar Alexandria.
Madadin haka, Darley ya koma wani birni wanda, duk da ɓarnar da yaƙi ya yi, bai rasa kyan gani ba. A nata bangaren, Clea, halayyar, tana jiran Darley lokacin da ya iso garin ba tare da samun wata masaniya game da shi ba ko abubuwan da zasu zo.. A ƙarshe, duka suna mamakin ƙauna.
Tsaga da gadon tetralogy
A mafi yawan nazarin adabi da nazari, Tsaga Ana kiranta da rawanin tarihi wanda ingancinsa baya lalacewa. Hakazalika, wannan littafin yana ba da cikakkiyar fahimta game da dukkanin makircin da aka haɓaka a cikin abubuwan da suka gabata. A saboda wannan dalili, masu kushe suna ɗaukar sabon ɓangaren a matsayin rubutun da ya ƙare har ya juya quartet ɗin zuwa ainihin gwaninta.