Masanin tattalin arziki. Tattalin arzikin kananan abubuwa
Masanin tattalin arziki. Tattalin arzikin kananan abubuwa -ko Masanin tattalin arziki na Undercover, ta ainihin taken Turanci, littafi ne da masanin tattalin arziki, marubuci, mai gabatarwa da marubuci Tim Harford ya rubuta. An buga aikin a karon farko godiya ga gidan buga littattafai na Abacus a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2007. An kwatanta rubutun da Freakonomics, na Stephen J. Dubner.
Koyaya, duka juzu'i biyu suna da alaƙa kawai saboda Harford ya buga Dubner a bangon littafinsa, tunda duka suna magana iri ɗaya. Bayan haka, salon ba da labari na marubutan biyu da yadda suke gabatar da tunani da mafita sun bambanta sosai. A nata bangaren, Masanin tattalin arziki Taken da ya dace don fara koyo game da yadda tattalin arzikin ke aiki.
Takaitawa game da Masanin tattalin arziki
Tattalin arziki da aka rubuta don talakawa
Karatun tattalin arziki aiki ne mai cike da sarkakiya. Dalibin da ya fara digiri na iya zama cikakke da duk sabbin dabaru, tunda yana da wahala a fitar da su zuwa rayuwar yau da kullun ba tare da jagorar da ta dace ba. A wannan ma'ana, Masanin tattalin arziki Yana ɗaya daga cikin littattafan gefen gado waɗanda zasu iya raka kowa a cikin shekara ta farko, tunda yana da daɗi kuma kai tsaye.
Ba kamar lakabin da aka yi niyya na musamman ga ɗalibai da ƙwararrun masana a fannin tattalin arziki ba, Masanin tattalin arziki yana mai da hankali kan bayanin sharuɗɗan irin su elasticity na farashi da siginar farashin, ƙarfin ƙarancin, gazawar kasuwa, ƙarancin kuɗi, abubuwan waje, bayanan asymmetric da rashin cikar bayanai, haɗarin ɗabi'a, farashin hannun jari, bazuwar tafiya da ka'idar wasa.
Daga microeconomics zuwa macroeconomics
Littafin ya fi mayar da hankali kan yadda za a bunkasa tunanin tattalin arziki, da nufin cewa dukan mutane za su iya samun wannan ilimin da kuma bunkasa basirar kudi da za su iya amfani da su a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum. Don samun shi, Marubucin bai gamsu da rubuta littafin jagora don masana ba, amma a maimakon haka, ta hanyar misalai masu amfani, yana fallasa yanayin tattalin arzikin da ya shafi duk kasuwanni.
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar daga micro zuwa macro. Na farko, An kafa mahimman ra'ayoyi, kamar wadata da buƙata. Bayan haka, an yi la'akari da dalilin da ya sa farashin man fetur mafi arha a Saudi Arabia da Kuwait ya kasance kusan dala biyu kacal kan kowace ganga, amma mutane suna biyan dala hamsin; dalilin da ya sa kuke biyan dala uku don cappuccino yayin da masu samar da kofi na duniya suka karɓi 'yan centi na kowane kofi, da sauransu.
Asalin tattalin arzikin da gwamnatoci ba sa son yin magana a kai
Tim Harford yayi magana game da wasu al'amura masu rikitarwa na tattalin arziki, kamar dalilin da ke bayan farashin cunkoson ababen hawa da kuma yadda ake amfani da wannan wajen magance gurbacewar yanayi. Ana kuma tambayar dalilan da suka haifar da gazawar kudi a tsarin inshorar lafiya na Amurka, da kuma hasashen kasuwar hannayen jari.
Yana iya zama kamar duk abin da aka bayyana yana iya haifar da wani ciwon kai a cikin mai karatu. Duk da haka, Tim Harford ya bayyana shi a cikin kusanci kuma a aikaceko da yana da daɗi karantawa Me yasa kasashe matalauta ke zama matalauta da kuma yadda Chica ta sami ci gaba a fannin tattalin arziki fiye da kowace jiha a duniya a cikin shekaru talatin da suka gabata, batutuwa masu ban sha'awa, a faɗi kaɗan.
Tsarin aikin
Masanin tattalin arziki Ya kasu kashi goma. Bakwai na farko suna ba mai karatu damar fahimtar mahimman ka'idoji a fagen ilimin tattalin arziki. A nasu bangaren, ukun karshe sun dauki wata hanya ta daban yayin da marubucin ya yi zurfafa bincike kan fannin tattalin arziki.
Ta wannan hanyar, marubucin ya sadaukar da kai don kimanta daidai gwargwado masu ban sha'awa da kuma sabbin tambayoyi game da ci gaban tattalin arziki, Ciniki na duniya, gasa ko ka'idar fa'ida. Haƙiƙa, ba za a iya barin haɗin kai na duniya ba, wanda aka yi magana da shi a matsayin haramun kuma a matsayin riba daidai gwargwado.
Bayani game da Kamaru, China da kuma dunkulewar duniya
Don fahimtar abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, Marubucin ya gabatar da yanayin da kasar Kamaru ke fama da shi a matsayin abin da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari na talauci a tsakanin kasashen duniya na uku. Anan an bayyana irin rawar da cin hanci da rashawa, raunin cibiyoyi da kuma shingen kasuwanci ke takawa. Sabanin haka, babin da ya gabata ya gabatar da yadda kasar Sin ta zama babbar kasa a duniya.
Babi na tara yana gabatar da wata muhimmiyar muhawara inda aka yi nazarin manyan batutuwan da suka shafi dunkulewar duniya cikin ‘yan kalmomi kadan. Nan, Mista Harford da karfin hali ya karyata muhawara da yawa game da su mummunan tasirin muhalli da sauransu munanan abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwar duniya. Ba abin mamaki ba ne ya zaɓi misalan Kamaru da China don tallafa wa ra'ayinsa.
Game da marubucin, Tim Harford
An haifi Tim Harford a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1973, a Ingila, United Kingdom. An san shi da kasancewarsa fitaccen masanin tattalin arziki, da kuma gabatarwa Ku amince da ni, ni masanin tattalin arziki ne, shirin BBC. Marubucin ya kuma karanci digiri a fannin tattalin arziki a jami'ar Oxford. Haka kuma, ya kammala karatun digiri na biyu a wannan fanni. Bayan ya kammala sai ya shiga a matsayin wanda ya samu gurbin karatu The Financial Times.
Daga baya, ya shiga International Finance Corporation. Daga baya, an kara masa girma a matsayin babban editan sashen tattalin arziki na Financial Times, jaridar wadda kuma mamba ne a kwamitin editoci. Bugu da kari, A shekarar 2007 ya fara hada kai a matsayin mai daukar nauyin shirin Ari ko lessasa, daga BBC Radio 4. Harford ya yi fice don halinsa na ƙirƙirar abun ciki wanda zai iya fahimta ga kowa.
Sauran littattafan Tim Harford
- Kasuwar Agaji (2005). Tare da haɗin gwiwar Michael Klein;
- Dabarun Rayuwa - Boyayyen dabaru na rayuwa (2008);
- Masoyi Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Tattalin Arziƙi: Nasiha mara Ƙimar Kuɗi, Aiki, Jima'i, Yara da Sauran Kalubalen Rayuwa - Tambayi masanin tattalin arzikin da aka kama (2009);
- Daidaitawa: Me yasa Nasara A Koyaushe Ya Fara Da Rashin Ganewa - Daidaita (2011);
- Masanin Tattalin Arzikin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwa: Yadda Ake Gudu — Ko Ruin — Tattalin Arziki - Masanin tattalin arzikin da aka kama ya sake kai hari (2014);
- M - Ikon rashin lafiya (2017).