Littattafai mafi kyau guda 100 kowane lokaci

A yau mun kawo muku jerin abubuwa tare da 100 mafi kyawun littattafai har abada bisa ga Kungiyar Littattafan Yaren mutanen Norway. An yi wa wannan rukunin baftisma da sunan "Laburaren Duniya" kuma abin da aka yi ƙoƙari shi ne a tattara babban ɓangaren wallafe-wallafen duniya, tare da littattafai daga dukkan ƙasashe, al'adu da lokuta. Littattafai mafi kyau guda 100 a tarihi suna iya kasancewa a dakunan karatu na kowane gida a duniya, amma guda nawa kuke dasu?

Wannan jerin sunayen an kirkireshi ne daga marubutan da aka bincika. Kowannensu ya gabatar da jerin sunayen tare da lakabi 10 na wallafe-wallafen cewa a gare su sune mafi kyau, waɗanda suka fi so, sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar sosai. Dole ne mu nuna cewa wannan jerin mafi kyawun littattafai a tarihi gabaɗaya baƙaƙe ne, ba a ba da umarnin bisa ga ingancinsa. Sannan mun bar ku tare da ita. Shin ka karanta su duka? Kuna ganin har yanzu akwai lakabobi da suka ɓace? Don dandano na, akwai littattafan gabas da yawa da suka ɓace da wasu shahararrun ayyuka kamar "Miserables" na Víctor Hugo, amma waɗanda suke (ban karanta su duka ba, na ɗora ra'ayina akan waɗanda har yanzu nake karantawa a kan nazarin wallafe-wallafen da abokan aiki suka karanta), Ina ganin sun cancanci matsayin da suke ciki.

Laburaren Duniya: Mafi Kyawun Littattafai

1. "Wakar Gilgamesh" (Ba a sani ba karni na XNUMX BC)
2. "Littafin Ayuba" (daga Baibul. Ba a sani ba karni na XNUMX BC - IV BC)
3. "Dare Dubu da Daya" (Ba a Sansu ba 700–1500)
4. "Saga de Njál" (Ba a san karni na XNUMX ba)
5. "Komai ya lalace" (Chinua Achebe 1958)
6. "Labarin yara" (Hans Christian Andersen 1835-37)
7. "Comedy na Allah" (Dante Alighieri 1265-1321)
8. "Girman kai da Son Zuciya" (Jane Austen 1813)
9. "Papa Goriot" (Honoré de Balzac 1835)
10. "Molloy," "Malone ya Mutu," "Ba za a iya faɗar maganarsa ba," abubuwan ci gaba (Samuel Beckett 1951-53)
11. "Decameron" (Giovanni Boccaccio 1349-53)
12. "Labaran labari" (Jorge Luis Borges 1944-86)
13. "Wuthering Heights" (Emily Brontë 1847)
14. "Baƙon" (Albert Camus, 1942)
15. "Wakoki" (Paul Celan 1952)
16. "Tafiya Zuwa Karshen Dare" (Louis-Ferdinand Céline, 1932)
17. "Don Quixote de la Mancha" (Miguel de Cervantes 1605, 1615)
18. "Tatsuniyoyin Canterbury" (Geoffrey Chaucer karni na XNUMX)
19. "Takaitattun labarai" (Antón Chejov 1886)
20. "Nostromo" (Joseph Conrad 1904)
21. "Babban Tsammani" (Charles Dickens 1861)
22. "Jacques, wanda ya mutu" (Denis Diderot 1796)
23. "Berlin Alexanderplatz" (Alfred Döblin 1929)
24. "Laifi da hukunci" (Fyodor Dostoevsky 1866)
25. "Wawa" (Fyodor Dostoevsky 1869)
26. "Aljanu" (Fyodor Dostoevsky 1872)
27. "'Yan'uwan Karamazov" (Fyodor Dostoevsky 1880)
28. "Middlemarch" (George Eliot 1871)
29. "Mutumin da Ba A Gani" (Ralph Ellison 1952)
30. "Medea" (Euripides 431 BC)
31. "Absalom, Absalom!" (William Faulkner 1936)
32. "Hayaniya da fushin" (William Faulkner 1929)
33. "Madame Bovary" (Gustave Flaubert 1857)
34. "Ilimin yanayin" (Gustave Flaubert 1869)
35. "Gypsy ballads" (Federico García Lorca 1928)
36. "Shekaru ɗari na Kadaici" (Gabriel García Márquez 1967)
37. "Loveauna a lokacin cutar kwalara" (Gabriel García Márquez 1985)
38. "Faust" (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1832)
39. "Matattun rayuka" (Nikolai Gogol 1842)
40. "Tin Drum" (Günter Grass 1959)
41. "Gran Sertón: Veredas" (João Guimarães Rosa 1956)
42. "Yunwa" (Knut Hamsun 1890)
43. "Tsoho da Tekun" (Ernest Hemingway 1952)
44. "Iliad" (Homer 850-750 BC)
45. "Odyssey" (Homer ƙarni na XNUMX BC)
46. "Dollhouse" (Henrik Ibsen 1879)
47. "Ulysses" (James Joyce 1922)
48. "Takaitattun labarai" (Franz Kafka 1924)
49. "Tsarin" (Franz Kafka 1925)
50. "Gidan Gida" (Franz Kafka 1926)
51. "Shakuntala" (Kālidāsa karni na XNUMX BC-XNUMXth AD)
52. "Karar dutsen" (Yasunari Kawabata 1954)
53. "Zorba, Girkanci" (Nikos Kazantzakis 1946)
54. "'Ya'ya maza da Masoya" (DH Lawrence 1913)
55. "Mutane masu zaman kansu" (Halldór Laxness 1934-35)
56. "Wakoki" (Giacomo Leopardi 1818)
57. "Littafin rubutu na Zinare" (Doris Lessing 1962)
58. "Pippi Longstocking" (Astrid Lindgren 1945)
59. "Diary of a mahaukaci" (Lu Xun 1918)
60. "Ya'yan maƙwabtanmu" (Naguib Mahfuz 1959)
61. "Buddenbrooks" (Thomas Mann 1901)
62. "Tsaunin sihiri" (Thomas Mann 1924)
63. "Moby-Dick" (Herman Melville 1851)
64. "Mahimman labarai" (Michel de Montaigne 1595)
65. "Labarin" (Elsa Morante 1974)
66. "Lovedaunatattuna" (Toni Morrison 1987)
67. "Genji Monogatari" (Murasaki Shikibu ƙarni na XNUMX)
68. "Mutumin da Ba Shi Da Inganci" (Robert Musil 1930-32)
69. "Lolita" (Vladimir Nabokov 1955)
70. "1984" (George Orwell 1949)
71. "The metamorphoses" (Ovid XNUMXst karni AD)
72. "Littafin hutawa" (Fernando Pessoa 1928)
73. "Tatsuniyoyi" (Edgar Allan Poe ƙarni na XNUMX)
74. "Don neman ɓataccen lokaci" (Marcel Proust)
75. "Gargantua da Pantagruel" (François Rabelais)
76. "Pedro Páramo" (Juan Rulfo 1955)
77. Masnavi Rumi 1258-73
78. "'Ya'yan Dare" (Salman Rushdie 1981)
79. "Bostan" (Saadi 1257)
80. "Lokaci don yin ƙaura zuwa arewa" (Tayeb Salih 1966)
81. "Labari game da makanta" (José Saramago 1995)
82. "Hamlet" (William Shakespeare 1603)
83. "Sarki Lear" (William Shakespeare 1608)
84. "Othello" (William Shakespeare 1609)
85. "Oedipus Sarki" (Sophocles 430 BC)
86. "Ja da baƙi" (Stendhal 1830)
87. "Rayuwa da ra'ayoyin mutumin kirki Tristram Shandy" (Laurence Sterne 1760)
88. "Lamirin Zeno" (Italo Svevo 1923)
89. "Tafiyar Gulliver" (Jonathan Swift 1726)
90. "Yaƙi da salama" (Lev Tolstoy 1865-1869)
91. "Anna Karenina" (Lev Tolstoy 1877)
92. "Mutuwar Ivan Ilyich" (Lev Tolstoy 1886)
93. "Kasada na Huckleberry Finn" (Mark Twain 1884)
94. "Ramayana" (Valmiki karni na XNUMX BC-karni na XNUMX AD)
95. "Aeneid" (Virgil 29-19 BC)
96. "Mahabhárata" (Viasa ƙarni na XNUMX kafin haihuwar Yesu)
97. "Blades na ciyawa" (Walt Whitman 1855)
98. "Mrs. Dalloway" (Virginia Woolf 1925)
99. "Zuwa gidan haske" (Virginia Woolf 1927)
100. "Tunawa da Hadrian" (Marguerite Yourcenar 1951)

Marubutan da aka bincika jerin kyawawan littattafai a tarihi

Waɗannan su ne marubuta waɗanda aka yi nazarin don shirya sun ce jerin 100 mafi kyawun littattafai har abada:

• Chinghiz Aitmatov (Kirgizistan)
• Ahmet Altan (Turkiyya)
• Aharon Appelfel (Isra'ila)
• Paul Auster (Amurka)
• Félix de Azúa (Spain)
• Julian Barnes (Burtaniya)
• Simin Behbahani (Iran)
• Robert Bly (Amurka)
• André Brink (Afirka ta Kudu)
• Suzanne Brøgger (Denmark)
• S. Byatt (Burtaniya)
• Peter Carey (Ostiraliya)
• Martha Cerda (Meziko)
• Jung Chang (China / Birtaniya)
• Maryse Condé (Guadeloupe, Faransa)
• Mia Couto (Mozambik)
• Jim Crace (Burtaniya)
• Edwidge Danticat (Haiti)
• Beidao (China)
• Assia Djebar (Aljeriya)
• Mahmud Dowlatabadi (Iran)
• Jean Echenoz (Faransa)
• Kerstin Ekman (Sweden)
• Nathan England (Amurka)
• Hans Magnus Enzensberger (Jamus)
• Emilio Estévez (Amurka)
• Nuruddin Farah (Somalia)
• Kjartan Fløgstad (Norway)
• Jon Fosse (Norway)
• Janet Frame (New Zealand)
• Marilyn Faransanci (Amurka)
• Carlos Fuentes (Meziko)
• Izzat Ghazzawi (Falasdinu)
• Amitav Ghosh (Indiya)
• Pere Gimferrer (Spain)
• Nadine Gordimer (Afirka ta Kudu)
• David Grossman (Isra'ila)
• Einar Már Guðmundsson (Iceland)
• Seamus Heaney (Ireland)
• Christoph Hein (Jamus)
• Aleksandar Hemon (Bosniya-Herzegovina)
• Alice Hoffman (Amurka)
• Chenjerai Hove (Zimbabwe)
• Sonallah Ibrahim (Misra)
• John Irving (Amurka)
• C. Jersild (Sweden)
• Yasar Kemal (Turkiyya)
• Jan Kjærstad (Norway)
• Milan Kundera (Jamhuriyar Czech / Faransa)
• Leena Lander (Finland)
• John Le Carré (Burtaniya)
• Siegfried Lenz (Jamus)
• Doris Lessing (Birtaniya)
• Astrid Lindgren (Sweden)
• Viivi Luik (Estoniya)
• Amin Maalouf (Lebanon / Faransa)
• Claudio Magris (Italiya)
• Norman Mailer (Amurka)
• Tomás Eloy Martínez (Ajantina)
• Frank McCourt (Ireland / Amurka)
• Gita Mehta (Indiya)
• Ana María Nóbrega (Brazil)
• Rohinton Mistry (Indiya / Kanada)
• Abdel Rahman Munif (Saudi Arabia)
• Herta Müller (Romania)
• S. Naipaul (Trinidad da Tobago / UK)
• Cees Nooteboom (Netherlands)
• Ben Okri (Najeriya / Birtaniya)
• Orhan Pamuk (Turkiyya)
• Sara Paretsky (Amurka)
• Jayne Anne Phillips (Amurka)
• Valentin Rasputin (Rasha)
• João Ubaldo Ribeiro (Brazil)
• Alain Robbe-Grillet (Faransa)
• Salman Rushdie (Indiya / Birtaniya)
• Nawal El Saadawi (Misira)
• Hanan al-Shaykh (Lebanon)
• Nihad Sirees (Syria)
• Göran Sonnevi (Sweden)
• Susan Sontag (Amurka)
• Wole Soyinka (Najeriya)
• Gerold Späth (Switzerland)
• Graham Swift (Burtaniya)
• Antonio Tabucchi (Italiya)
• Fouad al-Tikerly (Iraki)
• M. Thomas (Burtaniya)
• Adam Thorpe (Burtaniya)
• Kirsten Thorup (Denmark)
• Alexander Tkachenko (Rasha)
• Pramoedya Ananta Toer (Indonesia)
• Olga Tokarczuk (Poland)
• Michel Tournier (Faransa)
• Jean-Philippe Toussaint (Belgium)
• Mehmed Uzun (Turkiyya)
• Nils-Aslak Valkeapää
• Vassilis Vassilikos (Girka)
• Yvonne Vera (Zimbabwe)
• Fay Weldon (Birtaniya)
• Christa Wolf (Jamus)
• B. Yehoshua (Isra'ila)
• Spôjmaï Zariâb (Afghanistan)

Da zarar an sake karanta jerin littattafan, za a iya ba da shawara ga waɗanda ba su yanke shawara ba waɗanda suke son fara karatu amma ba su san inda za su yi ba ... Game da abin da ya dame ni, zan yi amfani da Littafin na gaba Adalci don riƙe wasu taken waɗannan mafi kyawun littattafai a tarihi, kamar yadda suke: "Mutumin da ba a iya gani" by Ralph Ellison, "Yaran tsakar dare" by Salman Rushdie da "Babban fata" by Charles Dickens. Ina da wasu da yawa da zan karanta daga jerin, amma a halin yanzu wadannan sune suka fi daukar hankalina. Da wacce zaka fara?