Washington Irving, ɗayan manyan mashahuran Amurka

washington irving shine ɗayan tsofaffin marubutan Arewacin Amurka mafi kyau da aka sani. Wanda bai karanta ba bai gani ba kuma yaji sanyi tare da Mai doki mara kai de Labarin Baccin Bacci a cikin nau'ikansa da yawa? Kuma wanda bai taɓa jin tausayi na musamman ba game da siffofinsa godiya ga nasa Tatsuniyoyin Alhambra? A yau wannan labarin da aka keɓe masa ya tafi.

washington irving

Haifaffen ciki Nueva York, a watan Afrilu 1783, an dauke shi ne marubucin Ba'amurke na farko da ya fara shahara a duniya. Shine kuma farkon wanda yayi amfani da adabi don sa mutane dariya da kuma caricature hakikanin lokacinsa, amma ta hanyar da ba ta dame jama'a ba. Ya kuma halicci Salon magana na Amurka daga baya abokan aiki kamar Mark Twain suka ɗauke shi.

Ya kasance baya cikin ƙungiyoyin siyasa da na zamantakewar al'umma waɗanda suka faru a lokacinsa, amma kuma ya kasance a wakilin bautar Amurkawa. Tabbas, ƙawancen soyayya tare da mafi kyawun halayensa kamar su ƙaunar da ta gabata, abubuwan ban sha'awa da almara. Ya kuma kasance da matafiyi motsawa wanda wasu marubuta da masu zane-zane suka rabawa a ɓangarorin biyu na Tekun Atlantika.

Abokin Walter Scott

Abotarsa ​​ce da babban marubucin soyayyar Scotland, wanda ya yi a kan tafiye-tafiyensa zuwa Turai, cewa ninfluinted a cikin aikinsa kuma ya ƙarfafa shi ya rubuta ɗayan manyan sunayen nasa: Littafin zane, jerin makaloli da labarai. An buga shi a cikin Amurka tsakanin 1819-20, a cikin kundin daban-daban, kuma a matsayin littafi a Ingila a 1820.

Littafin zane

Ya ƙunshi hotunan rayuwar hausa kamar yadda Abincin Kirsimeti o Westminster Abbey, da sauransu. Har ila yau, makaloli kan Maganar Amurkawa da daidaitawa da tatsuniyoyin mutanen Jamusawa kamar yadda Rip van winkle y Labarin Sleepy Hollow, watakila sanannen aikinsa. Abubuwan al'adu, tsinkaye, ɗan rainin hankali, camfi, da cikakkun bayanai na sha'awa suma suna da yawa.

Wannan littafin alama ce ta tarihi a cikin independenceancin Amurka na al'adu, ba don tasirin Ingilishi ba, amma saboda haɗarsu.

A Spain

Wata a babban matafiyi, na m hali amma kuma rashin lafiya hakan bai hana shi yin tafiye-tafiye da yawa zuwa kasarsa ba, Canada y Turai. Ya rubuta game da su a cikin nasa jaridu, inda ya rubuta abubuwan da ya fahimta. Ya kasance a lokacinsa a matsayin diflomasiyya, tunda shi Jakadan Amurka a Madrid. Daga nan ne tarihin Christopher Columbus (1828) ya zo kuma da Tatsuniyoyin Alhambra (1832).

Ga na karshen wahayi ne daga tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi. Ya kasance ɗalibin ɗaliban almara, mai lura sosai, kuma yakan kasance yana lura da komai. Tare da matukar birgewa da al'adun gargajiya da wadataccen labaran Mutanen Espanya na zamanin da, kayan da ya tara ana amfani dasu don waɗancan tatsuniyoyin.

Yammacin Amurka

Lokacin da ya dawo Amurka, ya ci gaba da tafiya Wannan ya ba da kayan aikinsa na gaba wanda ya mai da hankali kan Yammacin Amurka. Sunan sarauta ne kamar Tafiya a cikin ciyawar, Astoria o Kasadar Kyaftin Bonneville. Amma babu wanda ya sami nasarar waɗanda suka gabata.

A takaice

Washington Irving ta ba wa jama'a abin da suke so. Ayyukan tarihi da na rayuwa a matsayin nishaɗin wallafe-wallafe amma isassun bayanan, kuma cike da na gargajiya da na hulɗada kuma batutuwa masu jan hankali.

Wasu gutsutsuren Tatsuniyoyin Alhambra

• A sakamakon haka, ba wa dan kasar Spain inuwa a lokacin rani, rana a lokacin hunturu, guntun burodi, tafarnuwa, mai, kaji, tsohuwar kabet da guitar, koda kuwa ba nasa bane, sautunan guitar, da menene juya duniya yadda kake so!
• Bari wasu su yi korafi game da rashin hanyoyi masu kyau da manyan otal-otal da duk wani yanayi mai rikitarwa na ƙasa mai wayewa da wayewa a cikin tawali'u da gama gari, amma bari in hau tsaunuka masu tsauri, in bi can can ina yawo da rabin daji, amma mai gaskiya da karimci. kwastan, waɗanda ke ba da irin wannan kyakkyawar ɗanɗano ga ƙaunataccen, tsoho da soyayya Spain!