Uma sikholelwa ukuthi indaba ilula ukuyibhala ngoba imfushane, sinephutha impela.. Sivame ukucabanga ukuthi amazwi ambalwa esiwadingayo ukuze sisho okuthile, kuyoba lula ukudlulisa umqondo. Kodwa empeleni kuphambene. Futhi abanye ochwepheshe bendaba sebeyishilo, njengo-Cortázar noma u-Borges.
Kodwa yini indaba? KuDictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy kuthiwa iwukulandisa, indaba. Okusho ukuthi, indaba emfushane, futhi ngokuvamile iyinganekwane. Yebo kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindaba. Indaba ingaba yilokho umakhelwane akuxoxela kona ngokwenzeka kuye ngolunye usuku emgwaqweni, i-anecdote.
Siphinde sisetshenziswe kakhulu manje ukuzwa ukuthi "amandla wendaba." Ngokujwayelekile emaphepheni yikho izintatheli ezibambelela kukho uma zikhuluma ngemibono eyahlukene esisizungezile. Noma ubani okwaziyo ukudala indaba engaguquki (noma ayenze ibonakale injalo) kuzoba nguye ojabulela ukuphoqelelwa.
Kodwa cha, ake sibuyele eCortázar, eBorges. Ake sibuyele ezincwadini. Indaba ukulandiswa kochungechunge lwezehlakalo okungenzeka noma zingethulwa ngokulandelana kwazo.. Okungukuthi, mhlawumbe, lokho umfundi alindele ukukuthola lapho evula indaba, noma indaba, eyalwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni. Kodwa lokho akumele kube njalo.
Mhlawumbe kulula ukubhala izakhi indaba okumele ibe nazo ukuze uqonde ukuthi imayelana nani. Ngaphezu kokuba indaba eqanjiwe enesethulo, imaphakathi nesiphetho, lawa amanye amaphuzu abonisa indaba:
Izinto ezichaza indaba
I-Brevity
Okokuqala nje, kufanele kube kufushane. Lokho kuyindaba ngencazelo. Kodwa lokhu futhi kunengozi. Asikho isandiso esiqondile sokuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulandisa. Kukhona izikali. Sikhuluma ngezindaba ezingafinyelela emakhasini angamashumi amahlanu, ngoba uma ziningi ngabe sikhuluma ngenoveli emfushane, isibonelo. Kodwa ngokuvamile aphakathi kwamakhasi amabili nayishumi nambili (yize lokhu kungenzeka nje).
Isigqi
Njengoba lona kuwumbhalo omfushane kakhulu, indaba idinga isivinini esifanele. Lapha umbhali kufanele asebenzise izinsiza zokulandisa ezitholakala kuye, njenge-ellipsis, ukukhethwa kolwazi nendlela yakhe yokululawula, ukuphathwa kwencazelo, izimpawu (uma zikhona), noma ukusetshenziswa kwezichasiso nezandiso. izigatshana.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singakhohlwa izingxoxo. Kunezindaba ezingadingi ngisho ingxoxo. Lawa angamathuluzi ayigugu kakhulu ekubhaleni ngoba anikeza ulwazi oluningi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angase abe okungenangqondo. Futhi endabeni kufanele uqiniseke kakhulu ukuthi izingxoxo zifanelekile noma cha.
Izinhlamvu
ku-dropper Uma sikhuluma ngendaba yamakhasi ambalwa, bangaki abalingiswa abangaba khona? Endabeni emfushane kufanele zichazwe kahle kakhulu. Singacabanga ngengilazi yokukhulisa into ekhulisa isici futhi indaba izungeza kuso. Indaba ikhombisa ucezu lomlingiswa. Izincazelo, umongo wangaphambilini, isimo, izifiso, isenzo, yonke into ingaphansi kwesikhashana esithile. Endabeni emfushane umlingiswa noma abalingiswa bazovezwa esithombeni. Ahlanganiswa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukugxila. Le elementi ingase ibe enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu ukuyichaza.
Isikhala nesikhathi
Kuncishisiwe. hhayi izikhala eziningi; izincazelo zicashile futhi ziqondile. Ukube ibifaneleka, bekungaba ngoba ingumlingiswa oyedwa ngaphezulu.
Isikhathi sichazwa kahle. I-ellipsis izoba yithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu uma isetshenziswe kahle futhi uma ibekwe isikhathi.
Ukukhethwa kwalezi zakhi ezimbili kuhleliwe futhi kuhambisana nendaba.
Umbalisi
Ngokuvamile wazi konke. Umxoxi kuphela owazi yonke into ongasho ukuthi yini ebaluleke ngempela futhi ebalulekile endabeni.
Nokho, kuvamile futhi ukuthola ababalisi kumuntu wokuqala, mhlawumbe abazikhukhumezayo abagxila kubo kuphela futhi basitshele ukuthi iyini inkinga yabo noma ukuthi kwenzekani kubo. Ngale ndlela, umgomo wokufingqiswa kwemibono wawuzoxazululwa.
Iyunithi
Lo mqondo cishe unomlingo. Ngoba uma sikhuluma ngalesi sici sikhuluma nge-sphericity (okushiwo uCortázar). Uthe lesi simo sejiyomethri sihlobene nendaba emfushane. Ngalo mqondo, indaba iwukulandisa okuqukethwe, okuhlukaniswe ngokuphelele. Indaba enhle izokwazi ukuhlanganisa okubalulekile, futhi okubalulekile kuphela, akukho okunye futhi akukho okuncane.
Futhi kulapho inselelo enkulu kumxoxi wendaba ilele khona (ngomqondo omuhle wegama), ukuthi angalahleki endabeni yakhe futhi asho lokho okubalulekile ngempela ukuze kube nomqondo ophelele. Iphelele. Futhi ukuqala nesiphetho kubenza bakhumbuleke (noma okungenani uzame).
Lo mbono wokujikeleza futhi, ngakho-ke, wokuphelela Yilokhu umpetha uJorge Luis Borges akuzuzile nge-“El Aleph”, kokubili ngesimo nangengqikithi.
ukuvumelana
Futhi ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume ngokuhambisana. Lokhu kubonakala kusobala, kodwa amaqiniso axoxwa kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wenganekwane kufanele ahambisane, enze umqondo ngaphakathi kombhalo ngokwawo futhi, ngakho-ke, akholweke. Uma umbhalo kungenangqondo noma ukuhambisana, ngeke kuthiwe uqediwe.
Futhi uma sisenokungabaza ngokuthi iyini indaba, noma inganekwane, kungenzeka ukuthi amazwi ka UJulio Cortazar sikhanyisele kancane:
“Kimina, bengihlala ngiyibona le ndaba njengenkundla; okusho ukuthi, iyisimo esivaliwe, futhi kimi indaba iphelele kuphela uma isondela kuleso simo esiphelele lapho kungasali lutho, futhi lapho iphuzu ngalinye langaphandle kufanele libe sebangeni elifanayo ukusuka endaweni. isikhungo”.