U-Esteban Navarro: umbhali nephoyisa.
Siyajabula ukuba no-Esteban Navarro, Murcia, 1965, umbhali kanye nephoyisa, ohamba phambili ekuthengisweni kwe-Amazon kubhulogi lethu namuhla.
Actualidad Literatura: U-Murcian ngokuzalwa no-Huesca ngokutholwa, iphoyisa likazwelonke kanye nomlobi, umbhali wezinhlobo eziningi futhi othanda uhlobo lwabamnyama, uprofesa e-Canarian School of Literary Creation, Umdali Wamaphoyisa Namasiko Contest, Umhlanganyeli we-Aragón Negro Festival kanye umhlanganyeli namaphephandaba amabili esifunda somhlaba wakho owamukelwe, i-Aragon. Umuntu onzima ukukujuba, uhamba emazweni ahlukene. Yiziphi izintshisekelo zakho, amandla aqhuba impilo yakho kanye nezindaba zakho? Injani indoda engemuva kombhali?
I-Esteban Navarro: Ukubhala, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyisidingo. Noma isifo, ngoba ngidinga umuthi wansuku zonke, obhalayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi nginezinto eziningi okufanele ngizitshele futhi ngidinga ukuzitshela. Lowo ongasunguli akaphili, kusho u-Ana María Matute ngesinye isikhathi, futhi ngibona sengathi kufanele ngisungule, ngidale futhi ngidlulise okusunguliwe nokwenziwe ngezincwadi.
AL: «Chofoza, sawubona. Ikhofi bese ucindezela. » Yile ndlela ovuka ngayo njalo ekuseni ku-akhawunti yakho ye-Twitter @EstebanNavarroS . Bangaphezu kuka-5.000 XNUMX abalandeli. Umkhuba wokuxhumana nabantu udala izinhlobo ezimbili zababhali, labo abazenqabayo nalabo abazithandayo. Ubonakala unobudlelwano obuhle nabo. Njengamanje, ngemuva kokuzwakala kokuhamba kukaLorenzo Silva ku-Twitter, angikwazi ukuzibamba ngikubuze, amanethiwekhi omphakathi akulethela ini? Yini okuletha okuhle empilweni yakho, emsebenzini wakho? Ingabe zidlula izingqinamba?
EN: Ama-Social Networks athola injini yokukhungatheka kwami ngokwabelana ngakho konke engicabanga ukuthi kuhle. Lowo ngumlingo we-RRSS, namanga, ngoba konke okukukho, noma sikholelwa ukuthi kuhle. U-El Clic, sawubona. Ikhofi nokucindezela kuyindlela yokuqala usuku. Ukuqala futhi ngithi ngiqalile. Ngibhalela abanye ukuba bafunde, kodwa empeleni kungumyalezo engizisho kimi: Sawubona, Esteban. Qala usuku bese uqhubeka nanoma yini. Okukhokhela i-RRSS ukusetshenziswa okubanika kona. Kukhona ama-troll amaningi afuna ukwenza umonakalo njengokungathi ufezela ongena, olumayo futhi oshiya umzila wokungahambi kahle. Uma wazi ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani (uzivimbe) futhi uzinikeze imibono ethile enobungozi, i-RRSS ingaphezu kwakho konke ithuluzi lokuxhumana eliwusizo.
AL: Ababhali baxuba futhi bahlukanise izinkumbulo zabo nezindaba abazizwile ukudala abalingiswa nezimo. Ushilo kwabezindaba ezahlukahlukene ukuthi abezindaba bakunikeza imibono, bakukhuthaze ngezimo nangemicimbi yamanoveli owabhalayo. Lokhu kwenza amanoveli akho akhombise umphakathi wanamuhla. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukile lapho amanoveli akho akhelwe khona ezine-barometer yomphakathi eningi? Yiziphi izihloko ozithandayo ngaphandle komlando ozihlanganisayo?
EN: Imvamisa ngibhala amanoveli obugebengu noma amanoveli abaseshi. Futhi lolu hlobo lwenoveli lugxeka kakhulu umphakathi, ngoba umphakathi kufanele ugxekwe ukuze uthuthuke. Kunezinto eziningi ezingalungile futhi kule noveli kufanele zigqanyiswe ukuze umphakathi uphendule futhi wazi ukuthi ungazibona ubonakala kanjani. Ngithanda ukubhala ngamaphoyisa ngoba amaphoyisa uqobo lwawo angenye yezimbombo eziyisisekelo lapho umphakathi wethu ugcinwa khona futhi esandleni sawo kuyisixazululo sobubi obuningi, yingakho kubalulekile futhi kubalulekile ukuthi umphakathi ukholelwe emaphoyiseni awo . Nginentshisekelo yobubi, kepha ikakhulukazi ebubini esibuthwala sonke ngaphakathi, ngoba lokho kububi obukhulu kakhulu obukhona. Abantu ababi, akumele sikhohlwe, akubona labo esingababoni, labo abakude nathi, abantu ababi yithi futhi baphakathi kwethu.
AL: Kakhulu ubulili obumnyama kepha futhi nezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi Isiphenduli Esiphethe kanye namaqiniso omlingo nge IGargoyle yase-Otín.
Ingabe kukhona umugqa wokuxhuma phakathi kwabo bonke? Yisiphi isitayela abafundi bakho abakhetha ukusithanda?
EN: Iqiniso ukuthi angicabangi ngabafundi uma ngibhala, ngoba ukube bengingenza bengingeke ngibhale. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kweReactor kaBering, u-Otín Gargoyle noma Indaba Yamaphoyisa ukuthi zonke ziyizindaba, zimiswe nje ngezindlela ezihlukile nezinhlamvu ezihlukile.
AL: Iningi lababhali bohlobo olumnyama bathembekile kumuntu oyinhloko, umphenyi, iphoyisa, ijaji noma umphathi wecala, kuwe, nawe unabalingiswa abaningi, ngendlela ka-Agatha Christie emsulwa. Sihlangana noMoisés Guzmán noDiana Dávila kumanoveli akho. Ngabe kulula kuwe ukuletha uMose noma uDiana ekuphileni?
EN: Abalingiswa bangamathuluzi engiwasebenzisela inoveli. Kusetshenziswa uhlamvu olulodwa noma okunye kuyisimo esivezwa yisiqephu uqobo. Abalingiswa bakhona lapho bedingeka futhi bafeza indima yabo. Kamuva, uma zingasadingeki noma zingalingani kwenye inoveli, ziyakhishwa. "Ukusebenza" kukaMoisés Guzmán noDiana Dávila kuthathe isikhathi eside, ngoba bekubalulekile ezindabeni okufanele azixoxe. Ngaphandle kwabo bekungeke kwenzeke, kepha ukuphendula umbuzo, noMoisés ngizizwe ngikhululekile, mhlawumbe ngoba singontanga futhi sicabanga ngendlela efanayo.
U-Esteban Navarro: Umbhali wezinhlobo eziningi othanda izindaba eziqanjiwe zobugebengu.
AL: Yiziphi izikhathi ezikhethekile zomsebenzi wakho wobungcweti njengombhali nanjengephoyisa? Labo ozobatshela abazukulu bakho.
EN: Ngeshwa nginezinkumbulo ezingcono njengomlobi kunephoyisa. Mayelana namaphoyisa ngidumele, nokuningi, ngemuva kwemicimbi obekungafanele kwenzeke, kepha ngikhonze ukubona ububi nomona eduze. Mayelana nezinkumbulo zemibhalo, ngincamela isonto engifunde ngalo ukuthi ngibe ngowamanqamu eMklomelweni weNadal. Kwakuyizikhathi zomlingo lapho ngathinta khona isibhakabhaka, nokuthi ngangazi ukuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthi ngiwine lowo mklomelo, phakathi kokunye ngoba kwakungaveli kulowo mshicileli. Kepha iqiniso lokuthi ubekhona bekuvele kungumklomelo.
AL: Incwadi yakho yakamuva, Uphawu lwePentagon, esanda kushicilelwa, ngabe sekuvele kukhona iphrojekthi elandelayo? Ingabe ungomunye walabo abaqala inoveli elandelayo ngokushesha nje lapho eyedlule iphela, noma ngabe udinga isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kokudala?
EN: Ekuqaleni bengithi ngiyagula ngokubhala futhi ngidinga ukubhala njalo. Ngihlala ngibhala futhi ngihlala nginamaphrojekthi engqondweni futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngize ngibhale amanoveli amaningi ngasikhathi sinye. Njengamanje, lapho nje ngiqeda le ngxoxo, ngizoqala ukubhala ngokushesha.
AL: Kukhona ukuzilibazisa noma imikhuba lapho ubhala? Uthatha nini ukuthi inoveli isilungele ukushicilelwa? Ngabe unabo abantu oletha kubo amanoveli akho ngaphambi kokwenza ukulungiswa kokugcina neziphakamiso zabo?
EN: Engikuthandayo kuphela ukuthi angiqali inoveli ngize ngibe nesihloko. Angikwazi ukubhala ekhasini elingenalutho ngaphandle kwesihloko senoveli. Umfundi wami wokuqala, umfundi wami omkhulu, ngumkami; Uhlala efunda imibhalo yami yesandla futhi anikele kancane.
AL: Kube nokuxokozela okuhle ngenoveli yakho i-A Police Story, okuthole isikhalazo kozakwenu abasePolice Station. Ekugcineni, ukuqonda okuvamile kwagcina kungafikanga kokubi kakhulu. Iminyaka engama-24 ngisembuthweni wamaphoyisa, okuyi-15 eHuesca, impilo yonke enikezelwe emzimbeni kanye nentela eqhubekayo oyenza kuwo ngamanoveli akho. Ngabe kukhona ngaphambi nangemuva empilweni yakho njengephoyisa ngalo mcimbi omubi?
EN: Lowo mcimbi oyishwa, njengoba usho, ushintshe konke. Akukho okufanayo, futhi ngeke kube khona. UHeraclitus uthe akekho umuntu ogeza kabili emfuleni owodwa, futhi ngalolo laka umfula usushintshile, kodwa lowo ogezayo naye ushintshile. Ngidumele futhi sengibonile ukuthi umona ungafinyelela kude kangakanani. Ekupheleni kwecala elibi kakhulu abebelicelile, konke bekuyisixwayiso, okuyinto efana nempama esihlakaleni. Futhi ngukuthi ngihlale ngigcina ukuthi akukho okubi engikwenzile. Nami ngeke.
AL: Angikaze ngibuze umbhali ukuthi akhethe phakathi kwamanoveli akhe, kodwa ukukwazi njengomfundi.Yini incwadi yokuqala oyikhumbulayo, eyakuthinta noma yakwenza wacabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe, ngolunye usuku, ungaba umbhali ? Noma yimuphi umbhali ozithandayo, uhlobo oluthengayo kuphela olushicilelwe?
EN: Enye yezincwadi ongimakile, ngaphandle kokungabaza, "Isithombe sikaDorian Gray." Futhi incwadi yami yobuntwana kwakuyi "Logan's Run," ngicabanga ukuthi ngiyifunde isigamu sezikhathi eziyishumi nambili.
AL: Ngamanoveli ayi-14 ashicilelwe, okuqala ukuthengiswa e-Amazon, umbhali ozinikele wenoveli yobugebengu, ehlikihla ama-greats, imiklomelo eminingi nokuhlonishwa esikweletini sakho, ushicilele nabashicileli abehlukene futhi ukhethe ukushicilela ideskithophu, ku ngezikhathi ezithile… Isinqumo esenziwe ngumnikazi noma kunzima yini ukuthi umshicileli omkhulu abhejele umbhali, noma ngabe umuntu esevele esungulwe njenge-Esteban Navarro?
EN: Udaba lwezihloko luyinhlekelele. Eqinisweni, anginaye umshicileli manje ngoba iPenguin Random House, etholwe ngu-Ediciones B, ayisangishicileli. U-Ediciones B akakangishicileli kusukela ngo-2015, ngakho-ke kungashiwo ukuthi anginaye umshicileli. Kepha uma kufanele ngikhulume ngokungagunci, anginandaba, ngoba engikuthandayo ukubhala futhi ngiyaqhubeka nokubhala. Ngiqongelela amanoveli futhi ngaqala ukuzishicilela futhi ngizoqhubeka lapho.
AL: Kungenzeka yini kulezi zikhathi ukuthi uziphilise ngokubhala?
EN: Cha
AL: Yaziwa yi-Amazon njengomunye wabasunguli besizukulwane soMusa,
Ulibona kanjani ikusasa lale ncwadi ephepheni? Ingabe ingahlangana nefomethi yedijithali?
EN: Kungakwazi futhi kuzodingeka kuhlangane, yize indima izolahlekelwa ukuqondana okukhulu nokuningi.
AL: Ngabe ukugqekezwa kwemibhalo kuyakulimaza? Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi sizomqeda ngelinye ilanga?
EN: Ngeke siqede, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kuzoqhubeka. Uyazikhumbula izitolo zamavidiyo?
AL: Ukuvala, njengenjwayelo, ngizokubuza umbuzo osondelene kakhulu ongabuzwa umbhali: Kungani ubhala?
EN: Ngoba ngiyayidinga.
Ngiyabonga u-Esteban Navarro, sikufisela impumelelo eminingi, ukuthi umugqa ungapheli, nokuthi uqhubeke usimangaze ngenoveli ngayinye entsha.