NgoJulayi 15, 1885, umama wezinkondlo zaseGalician, uRosalía de Castro, wadlula emhlabeni., owesifazane onesizungu, oqinile futhi odelelekile ngesikhathi lapho ubulili besifazane kanye namazwe aseGalician edelelwa amasekethe ezenhlalo namasiko aseSpain.
Reconocida años después de su muerte, hoy la autora de Cantares gallegos es un icono de Galicia, una de las autoras más importantes el siglo XIX y un ejemplo de valentía en tiempos injustos a la que nosotros recordamos hoy en Actualidad Literatura.
Ukujabula kweSaudade neGalician
Noma kunjalo izazi-mlando nabagxeki baphikelela ekufihleni ukuthi ungubani ubaba kaRosalía de Castro, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaziwa ukuthi imbongi yaseGalician edume kakhulu emlandweni, owazalwa ngoFebhuwari 24, 1837 eSantiago de Compostela, wayeyindodakazi yompristi uJosé Martínez Viojo nomama onezinsiza ezimbalwa zezomnotho ogama lakhe linguMaría Teresa de la Cruz Castro y Abadía, yingakho u-de Castro ezokhuliswa ngubabekazi wakhe futhi , ngakho-ke, ngubani owayezomenza azi ngenhliziyo yasemakhaya yaseGalicia eyayizokhuthaza indawo yakhe yonke yokubhala.
Ngaleyo minyaka, Izincwadi nezinkondlo zaseGalician zazichithwe iSpanish, ulimi olwabekwa futhi lwagxila emkhakheni wezamasiko enkabeni yeSpain oqhubeka nokubiza ingxenye yemingcele yezwe njengezindawo ezihlwempu, ezimpofu nezingalinyiwe. Umcabango owehlise ifa lomculo wengoma yaseGalician-Portuguese owawukhalela indlela entsha ukuze uyivuse futhi uyibuyisele kubantu bayo.
Ngesikhathi sobuntwana wayehlala nobabekazi wakhe ePadrón y Castro de Ortoño, eLa Coruña, uRosalía de Castro waqala ukwazi ukuthi impilo yayinzima kanjani kumlimi waseGalician, ukudikibala kwabantu bayo kanye nalowomuzwa wokulangazelela okuthile okungafinyeleleki , owaziwa ngesi-prose saseGalician nesiPutukezi ngokuthi "saudade", umuzwa ongachaza ngokuphelele umsebenzi nempilo yowesifazane abaningi ababecabanga ukuthi unesizungu, uzimele futhi udangele.
Kodwa-ke, ukudweba nomculo kwajabulisa impilo kaRosalía waze wathuthela eMadrid, lapho ushade noManuel Murguía, okhombisa kakhulu iGalician Rexurdimento nomsunguli weRoyal Galician Academy, othe ngemuva kokufunda incwajana yezinkondlo iLa flor, wakhuthaza unkosikazi wakhe ukuthi ashicilele iCantares Gallegos.
Ishicilelwe ngo-1863 eVigo, ukuqoqwa kwezinkondlo kwagqugquzelwa izingoma zakudala ezivela eGalicia ukuthi umbhali wazilungisa kabusha ukuze achaze izinkondlo ezaziphathelene nezindikimba ezinjengothando, imikhuba yezwe laseGalician kanye nesimo senhlalo nezepolitiki ngaleso sikhathi, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokuthinta abokufika abaholwa ngabaseGalician abaya eLatin America.
Umsebenzi wahlonishwa futhi "waguqulwa" ngabaseGalician uqobo, abaphendula ingxenye yezinkondlo zabo zaba uphawu lwesiko kuze kube manje.
Izingoma zamaGalician zazizolandelwa eminye imisebenzi efana neFollas novas (1880) noma Emabhange omfula iSar (1884), womlingiswa wesimanjemanje futhi lapho isimo sengqondo nesomzimba somlobi kungaba isimangalo esikhulu seprose yakhe. Umsebenzi owawukhomba ukuncipha kwengqondo komuntu wesifazane okungaqondakali kahle, kude nobunzima bothando yize wayeyinkosikazi nomama kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, wakhuthazwa yilesi sifo esasizoqeda impilo yakhe ngo-1885 ngenxa yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
Kwadlula iminyaka, futhi izinkondlo ezazingene kakhulu emphakathini waseGalician zaba amajuba ayehamba phezu kwezinye izindawo, okwathokozisa izinhliziyo zabagxeki nababhali (ikakhulukazi abaningi besizukulwane sama-98), ababona uRosalía de Castro njenge-alma mater yezincwadi zesiGalician .
Njengoba ngikhumbula, akukho okudlula ukwaba leli vesi elivela kuLieders, elifingqa ingxenye yendawo yombhali:
Ithemba lenkazimulo alikaze libuse umphefumulo wami, futhi angikaze ngiphuphe ama-laurels ecindezela phansi ebunzini lami. Izingoma zokuzimela nezenkululeko kuphela ezingibhebhethekisile izindebe zami, yize ngasekuzungezile ngangizwile, kusukela lapho ngisezelwe, umsindo wamaketanga okufanele angivalele unomphela, ngoba ifa labesifazane liyizibopho zobugqila.
Wake wafunda uRosalía de Castro?