Usuku Lomtapo Wezincwadi. Ingxoxo nomqondisi kaMario Vargas Llosa

Namuhla, ngo-Okthoba 24, i- Usuku Lomtapo Wezincwadi. Ngakho-ke ngizoya Mario Vargas Llosa, umtapo wolwazi wedolobha lami, ILa Solana (Ciudad Real), inkomba yamasiko ngokugqama kusukela ngo-1955. Phambi kwayo kungumqondisi wayo URamona Serrano Posadas, engibonga kakhulu kuso isikhathi engisichithe ngiphendula lezi • Umfundzisi angabuta umbuto okusisondeza ezweni lomtapo wolwazi wendawo.

Su umlando nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ukusebenza kwansuku zonke nemisebenzi yayo noma ama-anecdotes. URamona Serrano naye ukhuluma ngakho isipiliyoni sakhe njengomtapo wolwazi, wakho amathiphu kulabo abafuna ukuba futhi futhi baphetha ngezakhe uthando lwezincwadi.

1. Ungasitshela okuncane mayelana nokuthi umtapo wolwazi kamasipala waqala nini ukusebenza kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo waze wathatha igama likaMario Vargas Llosa?

En 1955 ILa Solana ivule iminyango yayo umtapo wezincwadi wokuqala, etholakala esitezi sokuqala se- Iholide laseDolobheni. Kwakuyigumbi elincane kodwa elinesitayela esihle esenziwe ngokhuni esenziwe ngokhuni esiseMudejar esisalondoloziwe nanamuhla futhi esisetshenziswa njengeGumbi Lemihlangano. Vuliwe 1975 iqhubekela ku Indlu Yesiko, eyayiyiNdlu yaBantu eyayikade isebenza njengesikhungo sesikole kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Kuyisakhiwo esikhulu esinezitezi eziningana kanti umtapo wezincwadi uhlala i- phansi, negumbi lokuphumula elibanzi kakhulu negumbi lokugcina elikhulu.

Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva kade kukhona izinguquko ezinkulu ebhilidini naseMtapowolwazi yandisa izindawo zayo kanye ne-Exhibition Hall ebisiguqulwe yaba igumbi lokushicilela nokubonisana nokufundela abantu abadala.

Nge inkulungwane entsha yeminyaka kwafika i- inguquko yekhompyutha emtatsheni wezincwadi. Ngohlelo ILiber-Marc Ingxenye enkulu yeqoqo lezincwadi kwakusetshenziswa ikhompyutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akusenamabhuku emashalofini abo kuphela, kepha ne umculo, kuya Cine kakade Internet. Ngakho-ke iba isikhungo semininingwane esibalulekile.

Futhi ku UKhisimusi 2009, Njengesipho Samakhosi, umtapo wolwazi uzalwa kabusha endaweni entsha futhi ubhapathizwe njengo UMtapo Wezincwadi Womphakathi kaMario Vargas Llosa. Manje yileso sakhiwo esikhulu esinezitezi ezintathu ezichazwe kahle: izingane nentsha, abadala kanye nesikhungo se-intanethi noma umtapo wolwazi wezindaba. Kepha isifiso siyefana: ukuba yi umtapo wezincwadi uyaphila futhi ugcwele ikusasa.

2. Lunjani usuku nosuku emtatsheni wezincwadi?

Ngingakutshela uqobo ukuthi kuyini kuyajabulisa kakhulu, zonke izinsuku zehlukile kunalezo zangaphambili. Njengenhloko yesikhungo enginakho umsebenzi omningi.

Izinsuku eziningi uya ekhaya futhi awukwazi ukunqamula, ingqondo yakho igxile kulokho okushiye kulindile futhi kunzima ngisho nokuthi ulale. Njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi kunezinsuku ezinhle nezimbi, kepha ngokujwayelekile uma uwuthanda lo msebenzi, njengoba kunjalo kimi, i- iphuzu lihlala lihle njalo nokufuna ukuthuthuka.

3. Ucabanga ukuthi yikuphi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okubaluleke kakhulu ngokwezobuchwepheshe nokusebenza kule minyaka?

Ezobuchwepheshe sithuthuke kakhulu. Lapho ngiqala ukusebenza, amarekhodi ezincwadi ayenziwa ngomshini wokubhala kanye ne- mboleko babenjalo imanuwali. Kwabe sekufika umshini wokubhala kagesi futhi kamuva kamuva ikhompyutha yokuqala kanye nohlelo lokuqala lomtapo wolwazi (¡¡).

Fue okukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kuyacasula, umsebenzi we dlulisa yonke idatha kusuka kumarekhodi ezandla ukuya ohlelweni lwekhompyutha (kunye ngakunye). Futhi lapho sesivele sesikunqobile, umthethonqubo omusha weza ukuhlanganisa yonke imitapo yolwazi kunethiwekhi, okwakusho ukuguqulwa kwedatha, uhlelo olusha lwekhompyutha ...

Sesihambe ibanga elide eminyakeni yamuva: ungagqoka i- ikhadi lomsebenzisi kuselula futhi ulisebenzise kunoma yimuphi umtapo wezincwadi eCastilla La-Mancha. Ungakwazi ukuvuselela noma ukugcina izincwadi ekhaya. Ungangena kufayela le- ukufunda izincwadi online Ngohlelo I-E-biblio. Ungabamba iqhaza kufayela le- iklabhu yencwadi online… Kuyamangaza ngempela.

4. Ingabe umsebenzisi welabhulali ushintshile? Noma ingabe inani elijwayelekile lezingane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala abalivakashelayo liyafana? Ngabe iLa Solana yidolobha lokufunda?

Kuye kwahluka ngoba abantu bayashintsha, kuya ngesikhathi nangesimo somuntu ngamunye. Kuze kube muva nje besinenani elikhulu le- abafuduki. Manje lokho sekushintshe kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalabo ababhalise lapha benombono wekusasa. I- abantu abasha asebashiyile Baya enyuvesi futhi basivakashela kuphela eholidini, kuyilapho abasha bejoyina nathi ababengawazi umtapo wezincwadi.

Izingane eziningi ziqala ukwazi nokujabulela izindaba nemisebenzi esikunikelayo. Labo abahlupheka ngokungafani okuncane ngabantu abadala. Ziyalondolozwa, zihlala ziningi, futhi kunokugeleza okuqhubekayo kwalabo abahambayo nalabo abeza.

Ingabe singabantu abafundayo? Ngokwethembeka, futhi uma sibheka izibalo, ngicabanga ukuthi asizimbi. Umtapo wezincwadi uphapheme impela, futhi impela baningi abafundi abangasivakasheli kepha bazimele ngokuzimela ekufundweni kwabo (imitapo yolwazi yesikole, izincwadi zikagesi ...). Okubaluleke kimi ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda, Abancane nabadala, ungadikibali, ungakushiyi, kungenye yemikhuba emihle yalokhu kuphila futhi kuzokulethela izinzuzo eziningi okwamanje nasesikhathini esizayo.

5. Yiziphi izinhlobo zemisebenzi eyenziwa yilabhulali?

Senza okuningi, yize kuncane kunalokho ebengingathanda, kodwa kufanele sinamathele kwisabelomali, futhi imali ... yilokho onakho. Yize izikhathi eziningi kumayelana nokusebenzisa umcabango wakho nokusebenzisa kakhulu izinsiza zakho esinayo kutholakale kalula. Ngalo mqondo senza i- umkhankaso ehlobo, kanye neminye imitapo yolwazi eyisikhombisa, okuyinto enhle yokubandakanya izingane nabazali ekufundeni kahle lapho beseholidini.

En ukuwa senza uhlelo lwe ukufunda izithombe ngokubambisana nezikole (ababhali, abalingisi bezithombe, ababalisi ...). Kukhona futhi i- Izinsuku Zencwadi ngenyanga ka-Ephreli no Imincintiswano kaKhisimusi. Kuyo yonke inkambo sine isikhathi sendaba, the ukuvakashelwa ezikoleni, izintshumayelo zencwadi...

Futhi-ke eyethu amakilabhu okufunda, omunye abadala nenye ye- ukhutshaziwe nemisebenzi yabo. Sisebenzisana futhi AMPAS izikole nezikhungo, i Isikhungo Sabesifazane, lo Inyuvesi edumile kanye nezinye izinhlangano zendawo.

6. Yini oyithanda kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakho? Futhi okuncane?

Empeleni Ngicabanga ukuthi ngithanda yonke intoKusuka emsebenzini wangaphakathi, ongaba yisidina futhi ube yisicefe, kepha kufanele ngivume ukuthi ukubhalwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene (asinazo nje kuphela izincwadi, sinomculo, ama-CD, amavidiyo ...) ngikuthanda kakhulu futhi nginomqondo wokuthi ngifuna ukuphelela ngokuphelele. UMnamaphutha ayakhathaza.

Ukuxhumana nomphakathi kuyakhuthaza kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi uba isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sabasebenzisi abasivakashelayo, futhi lapho incwadi oyincomile ithandiwe futhi bacela enye, ingumvuzo omuhle kakhulu. Into ebi kakhulu ukwenza njengomuntu ophambili ophethe futhi usebenze kanjalo ezimweni ezithile ezingathandeki ngenhlanhla ezingezona eziningi.

Okungizwisa ubuhlungu kakhulu ukungabi nentshisekelo, ukungazi umsebenzi wethu, ukuqashelwa okuncane ... yize ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi kangaka sengivele "ngiphulukisiwe". Okungigxeka kakhulu yimi uqobo futhi okubaluleke kakhulu unembeza wami nami Ukufuna kakhulu kimi.

7. Ungasitshela noma iyiphi i-anecdote ethile oyithandayo, noma ngabe kube khona okuningi?

Owokugcina, kungekudala, eMadrid, esitimeleni. Bangibiza ngegama lami futhi abantu abaningi bahamba. Kuyangimangaza isibalo sabantu abangaziyo (¡¡). Ngicabanga ukuthi kuhle ukungalahlekelwa ukungaziwa ngomsebenzi nomsebenzi owenzayo. Kufanele uqhubeke nokusebenza.

8. Futhi ithiphu kulabo abafuna ukuba yizisebenzi futhi bayazilungiselela?

Ngangizobatshela ukuthi uma befaka isicelo salo msebenzi, ukuthi bazi phambilini futhi banolwazi olwanele. Kufanele ube isifiso ukusebenza, isithakazelo ngokwesiko jikelele kanye nokufundwa ikakhulukazi, amakhono okuxhumana, udlulise isifiso sokufunda, khuthaza ukufunda kuwo wonke amazinga, qamba ubuciko, ube nomcabango… Awukwazi ukuba ngumuntu ongenzi lutho, ngaphandle kwemibono. Umtapo wezincwadi kufanele ube yingxenye yakho, futhi uma ungayisebenzisi, awuyiniki amandla, iyafa. Namuhla sinabancintisana abaningi futhi akukhona okokulwa nabo, kepha kumayelana nokuhlala nabo.

9. Ungayicabanga impilo engenazo izincwadi?

NOOOOOO !! Bayingxenye yethu ngendlela engaphakathi. Ngisho nakusasa eliseduze kakhulu, lapho sibuswa ama-robotic, anginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi zizoqhubeka zikhona. Ngingashiya izinto eziningi (ithelevishini, ithebhulethi ...), kodwa hhayi izincwadi. Kimi, ukuzungezwa yizincwadi, ukuhlala nezincwadi kanye nabafundi kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu impilo enginikeze zona. Uma ezalwa kabusha, ubengaba ngumtapo wolwazi futhi.

Ngingathanda ukuphela ngesilinganiso esivela ku- Jorge Luis Borges: «Ezinsizakalweni ezahlukahlukene ezaqanjwa umuntu okumangalisa kakhulu yincwadi; zonke ezinye izandiso zomzimba wakho. Yincwadi kuphela enweba ngemicabango nangememori. Futhi ngingeza ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi kwenziwa ngenhliziyo.