"La Celestina", nguFernando Rojas, ngumsebenzi omangalisayo ebaluleke kakhulu futhi efanelekile ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Kubonisa inkinga yenani lasendulo kanye nokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo okwakubonakala emphakathini wangaphambi kokuvuselelwa.
Kwakuphakathi XV century lapho kwaqala ukuvela isiko elikhulu eCastilian, kepha kwakuyimidlalo yeshashalazi kuphela eyenzeka emikhosini ethandwayo noma ezinsukwini zenkolo ezinjengeCorpus Christi noma uKhisimusi. Kusekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX lapho nendawo yeshashalazi isungulwa ezigodlweni ukujabulisa inkantolo. Amanani afana noGómez Manrique avelele, abonakala ngethiyetha yenkolo noJuan del Encina, yaseshashalazini yezenkolo futhi ehlambalaza. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi ogqame kunazo zonke phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwaba "La Celestina", umsebenzi ongaziwa, kodwa kuthiwa umbhali uFernando de Rojas.
Umsebenzi
"La Celestina", ku- izenzo ezingamashumi amabili nanye, iveza uthando phakathi kukaMelibea noCalisto, ngokungenelela okuthintekayo kukaLa Celestina, umpimpi wakudala.
UFernando de Rojas ngokwakhe umemezele ukuthi lo msebenzi wawuqamba kusukela esenzweni sokuqala, asevele etholile sibhaliwe. Njengamanje, kuyamukelwa lokho "La Celestina" Kungumphumela wabalobi ababili: umbhali ongaziwa obezobhala isenzo sokuqala, nawo wonke umsebenzi, obekungaba ukwakhiwa kukaFernando de Rojas.
Ingqikithi yomsebenzi
Ukuhaha kukaCelestina, umpimpi osebenza phakathi kukaMelibea noCalisto, akafuni ukuhlanganyela umholo wakhe nezinceku zikaCalisto, ngokusebenzisana naye, kumholela ekufeni okubuhlungu.
El uthando phakathi kukaCalisto noMelibea kubuye kube yishwa. UCallisto uyashona bese ezibulala.
Izinhlamvu zomsebenzi
- UCelestine: Ungumlingisi oqavile kulo mdlalo futhi ubuye abe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Isalukazi esinolaka, siyaphuza, sasiyisifebe futhi sikhohlisa kakhulu. Izinkanuko ezimbili eziqine kakhulu eziqhuba isimilo sakho ubugovu nokuhaha. Unobuqili, umlomo onenhlamba, futhi unobuqili obukhulu.
- ICallisto: Ungumlingiswa onezici ezesabekayo (wenza ngendlela futhi ukhuluma ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele). Uthando luyisikhungo sobukhona bakhe futhi ulupenda njengomuzwa ohloniphekile futhi ongenabugovu, kepha njengoba incwadi iqhubeka, izenzo zakhe zikhonjiswa ukuthi ziphikisana namazwi akhe.
- melibea: Uyintombazane enesimo sokuzimisela. Ekuqaleni uyazivikela ngothando uCallisto alubonisa yena, kepha ekugcineni uyathandana. Lapho ebona uCallisto efile, unquma ukuzibulala. Ngokungafani noCalisto, uMelibea uyazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukungena ebudlelwaneni obungemthetho futhi ukuzibulala kwakhe kungumphumela wokulahlwa kwamagugu amisiwe.
- Abalingisi abasekelayo: USempronio noPármeno, izinceku zikaCallisto; U-Elicia no-Areúsa, abaqwayizi abaphethwe nguCelestina.
Inhloso yomsebenzi
UFernando de Rojas, esandulelweni sokuqala somsebenzi, uthi uwubhale ngenhloso yokugxeka izenzo zabangenangqondo nabangenangqondo zabathandi, abathi ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo okubi, bangene ehlazweni.
UFernando de Rojas naye uyabhala "La Celestina" ngomqondo wefilosofi okhona, ngoba kuyena, impilo ngumzabalazo oqhubekayo obangela kuphela ubuhlungu namashwa.
Ucezu olufushane lomsebenzi
SEMPRONIO: Hawu salukazi esihahayo, umphimbo ubulawa ukomela imali! Ngeke yini ujabule ngengxenye yesithathu yalokho okutholile?
ECLESTINA: Iyiphi ingxenye yesithathu? Hamba noNkulunkulu endlini yami wena, futhi ungakhali, ungalethi indawo yangakini! Ungangenzi ngilahlekelwe yingqondo, ungafuni izinto zikaCalisto nezakho ziphume.
SEMPRONIO: Nikeza amazwi noma ukumemeza, ukuthi uzokufeza lokho othembise noma ufeze izinsuku zakho namuhla!
U-ELICIA: Faka inkemba, ngenxa kaNkulunkulu! Bamba, Parmeno, bambelela! Ungambulali lowo msangano!
ECLESTINA: Ubulungiswa, ubulungiswa, omakhelwane bomnumzane; ubulungiswa, laba bantu abanesihluku bangibulala endlini yami!
ISIMEMO: Ama-Ruffians noma yini? Ima, thakathi, ukuthi ngizokwenza ukuthi uye esihogweni ngezinhlamvu.
CELESTINA: Hawu kwangathi ngifile, oh, oh! Ukuvuma izono, ukuvuma izono!
PÁRMENO: Yinike, nike; uyiqede, kahle-ke uqale! Ukuthi bazosizwa! Kufa, kufe; wezitha, okungenani!