Esontweni eledlule lawela ezandleni zami Nciphisa ingqondo, indatshana ehlanganisa izinkulumo ezine zikaNgũgĩ wa Thiong'o, Umcabango waseKenya futhi okungenzeka angenele ukhetho lonyaka weNobel Prize in Literature. Incwadi ehlaziya izinkinga zamasiko futhi, ikakhulukazi, yezincwadi zamanye amazwe ezivela ezimpandeni zawo: leyo yekoloniyalizimusi emlandweni wonke ibiphethe ukuqeda ulimi lwezinhlanga ezincane.
Umhlaba, i-UN kanye nezinhlangano zikhuluma ngamalungelo abantu, kepha akuvamile ukuthi sicabange ngakho ilungelo lokuthi futhi ubhale ngolimi lwakho.
Isiko lokuthunjwa
Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, ngesinye sezifundo zakhe kanye nomvikeli omkhulu welungelo lokubhala ngolimi lwakhe.
Ngesikhathi kubizwa iCongress of African Writers of English Expression eyayibanjelwe eMakerere University (Uganda) ngo-1962, kwaba nomhlangano phakathi kwababhali abehlukene base-Afrika. Kodwa-ke, abaningi babemkhumbula umTanzania UShabaan Robert, imbongi ebaluleke kakhulu e-Afrika ngaleso sikhathi. Futhi kungani ungazange uye? Ngoba uRobert akazange abhale ngesiNgisi, kodwa wabhala kuphela isiSwahili, ngakho-ke wayengakufanele ukubamba iqhaza engqungqutheleni enjalo.
Lo mcimbi uhlaziywe kaninginingi ngesikhathi sezingqungquthela zikaNgĩgĩ wa Thiong'o, okwathi ngemuva kokushicilela amanoveli amaningi ngesiNgisi ngenxa yethalente elamvumela ukuba akhulele kwinhlangano yezenhlalo yangemva kwekoloni yaseKenya, wanquma ukuma abhale kuphela ulimi lwebele, the gikuyu. Isibindi esacishe samlahlekisela impilo yakhe futhi samholela ekudingisweni eMelika kungekudala.
Izibonelo ezimbili kweziningi zokuthi ithonya labaningi, kuleli cala lama impiriyali amaNgisi noma amaFulentshi akholisa i-Asia, i-Afrika neLatin America iminyaka, anyathele amasiko ahlukahlukene amancane. Okokuqala, ukubathonya ngokungabi nalutho kwemidanso yabo, izingoma, nezinkondlo; bese ubaphoqa ukuthi baphendulele amakhanda abo kusiko elisha ababengeke bakwazi ukuhlangana ngokuphelele nalo. Okwamanje, ukhokho, uwoyela noma idayimane zaziphuma ngomnyango ongemuva.
Shintsha noma unqabe
Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, kuvela impikiswano ebanzi lapho kunemibono eminingi: abanye, njengo-Chenua Achebe waseNigeria, basebenzise le ngqungquthela eshiwo ngenhla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma ngabe wayenikezwe indawo yokusebenzisa ulimi lwesiNgisi ukufinyelela uquqaba, bengizolusebenzisa. Ngokunjalo, abanye ababhali abaningi bayaqhubeka nokukholelwa ukuthi into ebalulekile okuqukethwe, futhi inqobo nje uma inokusabalala okukhulu ngolimi oluningi kuzokwanela, ngoba umbhali akanandaba namagama, kodwa abakushoyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uThiong'o oshiwo ngenhla uthulisa ulimi lwakhe lwesiNgisi njengendlela yokunqanda ukubusa kwamanye amazwe emasikweni amancane njengaye. Amaqembu ezinhlanga olimi lwawo lunomculo wawo, isigqi nezinkulumo okunzima ukuhumushela kolunye ulimi.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule bengikhuluma ngakho lezincwadini njengesikhali sokushintsha umhlaba. Futhi iqiniso ukuthi lizoba elinye lempumelelo kunazo zonke. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yaleyo odyssey yokubuyisa amanxeba omhlaba futhi kungaba ukuvumela wonke amasiko ukuthi aziveze kunokuba awathinte ngemibono engakhombisi inkinga yangempela.
Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi izishoshovu, njengamanje yibo abaphethe ekuqhakambiseni ilungelo lokubhala ngezilimi zezinhlanga ezahlukahlukene. esincane ukuze kugcinwe isiko labo, ngezibonelo ezifana uhlelo lokufunda lwakamuva ngesiKurdish olwamukelwe yiNyuvesi yaseKurdistan, e-Iran, noma ukukhuthazwa kweKichwa njengolimi lwesibili lwesikole, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesiQuechua zivuselelwe e-Ecuador yinhlangano ye-CONAIE.
Noma kunjalo, angithandi ukuqeda ngaphandle kombuzo: kungakuhle yini ukuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izilimi esikhundleni sokufuna ukuzivumelanisa nolimi oluzobavumela ukuthi basabalale ngokwengeziwe?
Futhi qaphela, igama elithi "ubuzwe" alibonanga kunoma yimuphi umugqa.