Ukucaphuna kombhali u-Almudena Grandes.
U-Almudena Grandes (1960 - 2021), ngokungangabazeki, ubengomunye wabesifazane abavelele kakhulu ezincwadini zeSpanishi kula minyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule. Okuningi kwalokhu kungaziwa kwahambisana nenkinga ethize ezweni lakubo: inkumbulo yomlando. Ngalo mqondo, Ukwanga ngesinkwa (2015), inoveli isilungiselelo sayo esithembeke kakhulu enkathini enzima yangemva kwempi, ayihlukile.
Lesi simo sihlanganisa izindaba ezinjengokulamba kwezingane, uhlelo lwezempilo lomphakathi oluntekenteke, ukukhwabanisa kwamabhange kanye nokuxhaswa ngemali. Kwakho, umbhali kanye nentatheli yaseMadrid bakha isethi yabalingiswa abaqinile -abesifazane, ikakhulukazi- Iningi labo lingaphansi kwezigaba ezimaphakathi nezidumile.. Okusho ukuthi, iningi labantu abahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yezinkinga zombuso wobushiqela.
Isifinyezo Sokuqabula Esinkwa
entry
U-Almudena Grandes wamukela abafundi bakhe ngesandulelo esifushane esinikezwe incazelo enemininingwane yedolobha okwenzeka kulo izehlakalo. Yindawo ehlalwa abantu abadala abazalelwa futhi bahlala lapho ukuphila kwabo konke. Laba abadala babona impi yombango echitha igazi kanye nokufudukela enhlokodolobha yakubo bebalekela usizi lwangaphakathi.
Ngomlandeli ongumuntu wokuqala, umbhali uchaza impilo yansuku zonke yabantu baseMadrid, imisebenzi yabo, izifiso zabo kanye nempilo yomndeni wabo. Ngokuhambisanayo, ukujula kwezinhlamvu kuvumela ukukhiqiza uzwela kumfundi ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamaphrofayili abantu kakhulu. Ukukhuluma iqiniso, babengabantu abanokwesaba, injabulo, amathemba kanye nokudumazeka phakathi kwesimo esinzima kakhulu.
Ukukhathazeka okuhlala njalo
Ezahlukweni zokuqala, imindeni ibonakala iphoqeleka ukuthi ishiye amakhaya abo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukukhokha imali ebolekiwe. Ngokulinganayo, abantu abaningi baphelelwa umsebenzi futhi, labo abagijima ngenhlanhla, basinda ngokulambisa kumxhaso kahulumeni.. Okwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, isibalo esihle samabhizinisi okukhiqiza afadalala ngenxa yomnotho wokuwa kwamahhala.
Noma kunjalo, kwakukhona izakhamuzi ezazimanqikanqika ukwamukela isimo sazo, ezigxile esikhathini esidlule esichumayo, okwenza iqiniso lazo elisha lingagayeki. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuhlukana kwalaba bantu kwakungekho ezingeni lomuntu siqu kuphela, endizeni ehlangene babuye baziqhelelanisa nabangani babo. Kulezo zikhathi zesidingo esikhulu, umuzwa wemvelo wokusinda wawunqoba noma iyiphi inzalo ehlangene.
I-protagonists
Abalingiswa abaqavile bencwadi baqonda ukuthi ibonanza ebikade ilindelwe ezinsukwini ezedlule ngeke ibuye. Ngenxa yalokho, ukulungisa isimo samanje kwakuyisihluthulelo sokunqoba ubunzima nokunikeza indawo yethemba. Ngakho, umoya wokuphikelela, isithunzi, nobuqotho wavela kulabo abanquma ukushiya indima yezisulu ezicindezelwe futhi bashaqe ikusasa labo.
Ekugcineni, amalungu omdlalo owuchungechunge awela izindlela, ngenxa yezibopho zomndeni, ubungane, umsebenzi, noma ngenxa yokuthi behlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. Impela, iningi labo lalibhekene nempilo yansuku zonke enameva - ukuphelelwa ithemba ezimweni eziningi- futhi okudabukisayo, ohlotsheni lwephupho elibi okwaphakade ngaphandle kokuphuma.
Inkinga yezimali ayizange isindise muntu
Ukwehla kwemali engenayo kwathinta ngisho nabasebenzi abanokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe (odokotela, abameli, ababhali bama-accountant...), ukucindezelwa kwakubusa kuzo zonke izabelomali zomndeni. Ngendlela efanayo, amaholide alahlekelwa ukukhanga kwawo futhi isimiso saba indlela engokoqobo yokuqhubeka... izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngokushesha ukwesaba kwaba khona ngesimo sezinkampani ezivaliwe kanye nokudilizwa kwenqwaba.
Amabhizinisi angavali kwaphoqeleka ukuthi ehlise isibalo sabasebenzi ukuze aqhubeke nokusebenza. Umphumela ongenakugwemeka kwaba ukwanda kwabantu abaxoshwa kanye nabayeka isikole (izingane eziningi nentsha yaqala ukusebenza). Ngokufanayo, kancane kancane kwakubhekwa izinsana ezengeziwe ezifunda isikole ezazifunda zingadlile.
Okulandelayo
Ingxenye yokugcina ye Ukwanga ngesinkwa uzinikele ekuhlonipheni isibindi salabo abakwazile ukubhekana nenselelo ngayinye ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Kudlula unyaka phakathi kwesiqalo nesiphetho sencwadi.. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izisebenzi ezaziphila ngokungaqiniseki okungapheli, ngaphandle kokuzinza emsebenzini, zabuya eholidini.
Abanye babengenawo ngisho umsebenzi futhi kwadingeka balinde olayini abade ukuze bathole izikhundla noma usizo lukahulumeni. Noma kunjalo, kwakukhona abambalwa lokho -ngokuphambene nalabo abangenalo ukholo kanye/noma ukuphikelela— bathola ukuthula kwengqondo, futhi uthuthukise ngisho nesimo sakho. Nanka amazwibela avela ekugcineni kwenoveli:
“Lapha sivalelisa kuwe, kule ndawo yaseMadrid okungeyakho, ehlukile kodwa efana nezinye izindawo eziningi kuleli noma elinye idolobha laseSpain, elinemigwaqo ebanzi nemigwaqo emincane, izindlu zayo ezinhle nezindlu zayo ezimbi kakhulu, izikwele zayo, izihlahla zayo, izindlela zayo, amaqhawe ayo, abangcwele bayo, kanye nezinkinga zayo ezikhona.”
Ukwanga ngesinkwa.
Mayelana nomlobi, u-Almudena Grandes
U-Almudena Grandes
Wazalwa ngoMeyi 7, 1960, uMaría Almudena Grandes Hernández wagcina ubuhlobo obuseduze kakhulu phakathi nokuphila kwakhe nedolobha lakubo, iMadrid. Laphaya, Uthole iziqu ze-geography eNyuvesi yaseComplutense futhi wenza imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala njengomhleli ogunyaziwe wezindlu zokushicilela.. Ngaphandle kwezincwadi, ubenomsebenzi omningi wobuntatheli njengombhali wephephandaba El País.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, u-Almudena Grandes wangena emhlabeni wesinema esebenza njengombhali wesikrini futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, njengomlingisi. Ngo-1994, umbhali wase-Iberia washada nembongi kanye nomhlaziyi wemibhalo uLuis García Montero. Lo mbhangqwana wawunezingane ezintathu futhi wahlala ndawonye kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, okwenzeka ngoNovemba 27, 2021 (umdlavuza wekoloni).
Umjaho wezincwadi
Ngo 1989, U-Almudena Grandes umphakathi Iminyaka kaLulu, owine umklomelo we-XI La Sonrisa Vertical wokulandisa okuvusa inkanuko. Impela, kwakuyisiqalo esihle kakhulu semibhalo, ngoba, kuze kube manje selihunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kuka-20 futhi selithengise amakhophi angaphezu kwesigidi.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihloko senziwe ifilimu ngo-1990 ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaBigas Luna (noFrancesca Neri noFrancesca endimeni ehamba phambili).
Ngaphezu Iminyaka kaLulu kwacatshangelwa ngu Izwe yaseSpain njengenye yamanoveli ayi-100 ahamba phambili eSpanishi ekhulwini lama-XNUMX. Kamuva, Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, umbhali waseMadrid wayazi ukuthi angaphila kanjani ngokufinyelela ibha ayeyibeke ngesici sakhe sokuqala. Eqinisweni, ukukhishwa kwakhe okuningi okwalandela kwaba nemiklomelo.
Izincwadi zika-Almudena Grandes
- Iminyaka kaLulu (1989);
- Ngizokufonela ngoLwesihlanu (1991);
- UMalena yigama le-tango (1994);
- Amamodeli abesifazane (1996);
- I-Atlas of Human Geography (1998);
- Imimoya Emaholoholo (2002);
- Izinqaba zekhadibhodi (2004);
- Iziteshi zendlela (2005);
- Inhliziyo efriziwe (2007);
- U-Agnes nenjabulo (2010);
- Umfundi kaJules Verne (2012);
- Hamba kahle, Martinez! (2014);
- Imishado emithathu kaManolita (2014);
- Ukwanga ngesinkwa (2015);
- Iziguli zikaDkt García (2017);
- Umama kaFrankenstein (2020);
- Konke kuzoba ngcono (2022).