Hlangana ne-2021 Nobel Prize in Literature

Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuMfumfu walo nyaka, kwavezwa igama lomnqobi wohlelo lwe-XNUMX loMklomelo KaNobel emkhakheni Wezincwadi. Ophumelele kube ngu-Abdulrazak Gurnah waseTanzania, umbhali wamanoveli onomsebenzi omude futhi ojulile, obonakala ngokuthinta ngenkani izindaba ezibucayi ezihlobene nempi, ababaleki kanye nokucwasa ngokwebala.

Isebenza njenge IPharadesi (1994) futhi Ukulahla (2005) wahola amalungu e-Swedish Academy ekuxoxweni okunjalo, ethi i-Zanzibarí iwine "ama-akhawunti abo ngemiphumela yobukoloni kanye nesiphetho sababaleki eGulf phakathi kwamasiko namazwekazi." Sekungokwesihlanu emlandweni wale ndondo umAfrika ehlonishwaNgaphambi kwakhe, wamukelwa: uWole Soyinka, uNadine Gordimer, uJohn Maxwell Coetzee noNaguib Mahfuz.

Mayelana nowinile, u-Abdulrazak Gurnah

Wazalwa ngoDisemba 20 esiqhingini saseZanzibar, eTanzania, ngo-1948. Ubusha bakhe babuthonywa yizincwadi ezinjenge Ubusuku base-ArabiaFuthi wayengumfundi ojwayelekile wezinkondlo zase-Asia, ikakhulukazi isiPheresiya nesi-Arabhu.

Ukufuduka okuphoqelelwe

Waze wafika eminyakeni yobudala, Kwadingeka ashiye ikhaya lakhe ngenxa yezingxabano eziqhubekayo nezikhulayo eziye zaphakama emazweni aseTanzania kusukela ngo-1964.. Lapho eneminyaka engu-18 kuphela ubudala, waqala uhambo lokuya eNgilandi futhi wazinza khona.

Impilo ngokwayo isosha esihlatshelelwayo

Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi imisebenzi yakhe ibeka ngokunembe kangaka ukucekelwa phansi kwempi kanye nezimpawu abafudukayo abathwala nazo, nokuthi iziza ziba nazo - ingxenye enkulu - ugu lwaseMpumalanga Afrika njengendawo yazo eyinhloko. Umbhalo ka-Abdulrazak Gurnah unolwazi ngokusobala.

Uhlu lwemisebenzi ngu-Abdulrazak Gurnah

Iqoqo lemisebenzi yeZanzibarí libanzi kakhulu, ngakho ukuqokwa kwakhe akusona isimanga; i-10 million SEK ayiwinile ingaphezu komfanele. Nazi izihloko azishicilele:

Novelas

• Inkumbulo Yokusuka (1987)
• AmaPilgrim Way (1988)
• Dottie (1990)
• IPharadesi (1994).
• Ebabaza uMthulisi (1996)
• I-Paraíso (1997, ukuhunyushwa nguSofía Carlota Noguera)
• Ukuthula okuyingozi (1998, ukuhunyushwa nguSofía Carlota Noguera)
• Ngasolwandle (2001)
• Ogwini (2003, okuhunyushwe nguCarmen Aguilar)
• Ukulahla (2005)
• Isipho Sokugcina (2011)
• Inhliziyo yeGravel (2017)
• Ukuphila ngemuva (2020)

Izindatshana, izindaba ezimfishane neminye imisebenzi

• Abaphathi (1985)
• Amakheji (1992)
• Izindatshana zokubhalwa kwe-Afrika 1: Ukuhlolwa kabusha (1993)
• Amasu Aguqulayo Enganekwaneni ka-Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (1993)
• Umdwebo Wole Soyinka ”kuWole Soyinka: Ukuhlola (1994)
• Ukuthukuthela Nokukhetha Kwezepolitiki eNigeria: Ukucatshangelwa KwamaMadmen Nochwepheshe BakaSoyinka, Indoda Yafa, kanye Nesizini Ye-Anomy. (1994, ingqungquthela ishicilelwe)
• Izindatshana ezimayelana nokubhala kwase-Afrika 2: Isimanje Literature (1995)
• Indawo emaphakathi yokumemeza ': Ukubhalwa kukaDambudzo Marechera (1995)
• Ukufuduka kanye noguquko ku-Impicabadala yokufika (1995)
• Khipha (1996)
• Kusuka Endleleni kaPilgrim (1988)
• Ukucabangela uMlobi wePostcolonial (2000)
• Umqondo Wesikhathi Esedlule (2002)
• Izindaba Eziqoqiwe zika-Abdulrazak Gurnah (2004)
• Umama Uhlala Epulazini E-Afrika (2006)
• I-Cambridge Companion kaSalman Rushdie (2007, isingeniso sencwadi)
• Izindikimba Nezakhiwo Ezinganeni Zaphakathi Kwamabili (2007)
• Uhlamvu Lukakolweni by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (2012)
• Inganekwane Yokufika: Njengoba Itshelwe u-Abdulrazak Gurnah (2016)
• Isikhuthazo Sokuya ndawo: I-Wicomb neCosmopolitanism (2020)

Ubani oqokwe ngokuhlanganyela no-Abdulrazak Gurnah?

Kulo nyaka, njengakudala ngesikhathi ewina ULouise Glück, isisekelo sasingavumelani. Ngokusho nje ingxenye yabaqokiwe, kuqondakala ngokucacile ukuthi kungani: Can Xue, Liao Yiwu, Haruki Murakami, Javier Marías, Lyudmila Ulitskaya, César Aira, Michel Houellebecq, Margaret Atwood kanye noNgugi wa Thiongó. 

UMurakami, njengaseminyakeni eyedlule, usengomunye wezintandokazi, kepha akakayifezi injongo yakhe. UJavier Marias, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yayiphakathi kwamagama athandwa kakhulu. Kuzomele silinde ngonyaka ozayo ukuze sibone ukuthi ubani ozowina umklomelo ohlonishwayo.