UJulio Alejandre. Ingxoxo nomlobi we Iziqhingi zasePoniente

UJulio Alejandre, Umlobi waseMadrid wencwadi yomlando ezinze e-Extremadura, ungumbhali we Iziqhingi zasePoniente, inoveli yakhe yakamuva. Unginike lokhu ingxoxo lapho asitshela khona ngaye nangakho konke okuncane ngokuthanda kwakhe, ababhali abathandayo, imikhuba yakhe yokubhala noma indawo yokushicilela yamanje. Wena Ngisazisa kakhulu isikhathi sakho nomusa wakho.

Ingxoxo noJulio Alejandre

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Uyayikhumbula incwadi yokuqala oyifundile? Nendaba yokuqala oyibhalile?

JULIO ALEJANDRE: A indaba ingane efike ekhadini lokuqala lokufunda, yabizwa I-Cigoñín futhi ngiyakhumbula ukuthi kwakubuhlungu kakhulu; bese kufika i- amahlaya futhi kamuva i- amanoveli wentsha. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngiqale ukuba ngumfundi lapho ngibona ukuthi ngingavele ngifunde imicu yamahlaya kunokumane ngibuke opopayi.

La indaba yokuqala Ngingayibhala ngiseyingane, ngineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili noma eyisishiyagalolunye ubudala, ngoba ngamaholide ehlobo umama wami ihlelekile phakathi kwabazalwane imincintiswano yezindabaNgicabanga ukuthi singamvumela aphumule kancane. Futhi lapho sonke sagxuma - sasikhona sihlanu - ukusungula izindaba. 

• AL: Iyiphi incwadi yokuqala eyakushaya futhi kungani?

JA: Izincwadi eziningi engizifunde ngisemusha, ikakhulukazi ezokuzijabulisa:Izingane zikaCaptain Grant, nguJules Verne, UMohican wokugcina, nguFenimore Cooper, njll., kodwa mhlawumbe oyena ongishaye kakhulu kunabo bonke kwaba Uthando lwebhele elikhulunguSerguisz Piasecki, ophathelene nezigemegeme zabo njengabashushumbisi emngceleni waseRussia neSoviet, enkathini yezimpi. Ukuheha lokho kuphila kwasendle nokuhlanya, ngaphandle kwemithetho, ngaphandle kosuku lwakusasa, kungenze ngafuna ukuba ngumshushumbisi. Ishicilelwe kuqoqo leReno futhi ngisenayo ikhophi. Inamakhasi aphuzi futhi avulekile, kepha ngiyajabula ukuba nayo futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, ngibuyela kuyo.

• AL: Ngubani umbhali wakho omthandayo? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi.

JA: Umbhali engimthandayo ngu UJuan Rulfo. Ubhale incwadi eyodwa kuphela neqoqo lezindaba, kepha ubengadingi ezinye. Ngokuvamile ngiyabathanda ababhali be- ubuqiniso bomlingo, ezithonye kakhulu indlela yami yokubhala nokuqonda izincwadi, uMario UVargas Llosa, UGarcia Marquez, Mona Lisa ezithile. Ukusuka kwabaseSpain, ngihlala noGonzalo Isifufula Ballester noRamón J. Sénder. Futhi UVazquez Montalban Ngithanda kakhulu. Konke kusukela ngekhulu lama-XNUMX. Kusuka ku-XIX, Qeda, esivele iphakathi kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka, iPío I-Baroja.

• AL: Yimuphi umlingiswa osencwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe?

JA: Ngingathanda conocer kubalingiswa abaningi kangaka, abaqanjiwe nabangokomlando, ukuthi kunzima ukukhetha omunye wabo, kepha-ke bengizothanda ukuhlangana nalowo mlingiswa okhathazekile waseConradian kusuka Nkosi Jim, nge UCarlos Deza, i-protagonist ye-melancholic Injabulo nezithunzi noma nomenzi wokuzijabulisa UShanti AndíanguBaroja.

Kepha dala, Ngiyayithanda i- Hannibal ukuthi ukwazile ukukuchaza UGisbert haefs encwadini yakhe engaziwa.

• AL: Noma iyiphi intshiseko uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala noma ukufunda?

JA: Leo kusuka ubusukuku embhedeni, futhi uma ngolunye usuku ngingakwenzi, kubonakala sengathi kukhona okushodayo. Ngithanda ukubhala nomsakazo uvuliwe nevolumu iphansi kakhulu. Enye into yokuzilibazisa: ngenkathi ngibhala inoveli Ngifunde uhlobo kuphela amaphoyisa. Kuyangisiza ukunqamula.

• AL: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza?

JA: Ngincamela ukubhalela i- ekuseni, okuyilapho ngigxila kangcono khona, yize umsebenzi unginikeza amathuba ambalwa okwenza lokho. Futhi indawo, eduze ne- ifasitela elibheke ngaphandle, ukubheka phezulu futhi ukwazi ukucabanga ngokwakheka komhlaba.

• AL: Yini esiyitholayo kunoveli yakho Iziqhingi zasePoniente?

JA: I-odyssey engaba khona ye- umkhumbi Ngiyazi ukulahlekelwa ku I-Pacific pacific, ku- ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX, futhi akuzange kuphinde kuzwakale.

Iwela ngaphakathi kohlobo lomlando, kepha empeleni iyona idrama yaphakade yomzabalazo wempilo: abantu abayikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili nambili bazo zonke izigaba nezimfanelo, kusukela kumatilosi kuya kubahlali, izicukuthwane kanye nabantu abavamile, abesilisa, abesifazane nezinye izingane, abaphonswa olwandle olungenazibopho nasemasimini asendle befuna impilo engcono. Babezohlangana neSolomon Islands, kepha bathola i-Australia; Bafuna udumo, kepha bathola isihogo; futhi esikhundleni sodumo, umlando wabenza babakhohlwa. I-microcosm yobungani, inzondo, uthando, ukwethembeka nokukhaphela, usizi nobukhulu, udaba, ngamafuphi, esenziwe ngalo sonke.

• AL: Ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo ngaphandle kwenoveli yomlando?

JA: Nginomlomo omuhle futhi ngifunde cishe yonke into: izinkondlo, umlando, isayensi nokulandisa okuningi, yanoma isiphi isikhathi, uhlobo noma uhlobo lwamanje lwezincwadi, inoveli noma indaba emfushane, ebhalwe ngeSpanishi noma ehunyushiwe, ababhali abaziwayo noma ama-indies. Kepha, ukuzama ukucacisa, ngizokutshela ukuthi ngiyayithanda i- ubuqiniso bomlingo, the ubulili obumnyama, lo inoveli yomphakathikwe ezokufika, lo nqobi, lo isayensi yeqiniso, the ukumiswa, uhlobo oluthile lwenganekwane (ngidle iNkosi yamaRings ngesonto), intsha, utopias ... Noma kunjalo, angikacacisi okuningi futhi.

• AL: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?

JA: Ngiyayithanda funda izincwadi eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Manje sengibandakanyeka nencwadi ye imibhalo ngokomlando, Izintathu zolwandle, nguMagdalena de Pazzis, izindaba ezikhethiwe ezivela ku- UStevenson futhi noveli ngaye ukubulawa kuka-Olof Palme, Ekwindla kwamahhala, njengasephusheninguLeif G. Persson, othakazelisa kakhulu, ngasendleleni.

Futhi ngikhona ngokubhala una inoveli yomlando ebekwe ngekhulu le-XNUMX, njengeLas Islas de Poniente, kepha isihloko sayo esigxile kokude impi for the Isizinda se-Atlantic.

• AL: Ucabanga ukuthi indawo yokushicilela yenzelwe ababhali abaningi kangakanani njengoba kukhona noma bafuna ukushicilela?

JA: Ababhali bayanda kanti nabashicileli bayancipha. Yincazelo ephelele ye-panorama enzima. I- eziningi Ukuhlelwa okwakukhona eSpain emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule manje sekusezandleni ze- amaqembu amakhulu abavame ukubheja emshwalense, abashicileli okulingene nokuncane kunjalo igcwele okwangempela, futhi ukushicilela ideskithophu Iba yi- enye indlela esebenzayo ukushicilela.

Ngokwami, imincintiswano yezemibhalo ingisizile kakhulu, yendaba noveli. Ukube bekungekho ngabo, ngabe angikaze ngishicilele.

• AL: Ngabe isikhathi senhlekelele esibhekene naso sinzima kuwe noma uzokwazi ukuhlala nento enhle?

JA: Lapho ngihlala khona, edolobheni elincane elise- Extremadura ngokujulile, ngicabanga ukuthi inkinga ibhekana kangcono: akufani nokuzivalela phansi kumamitha-skwele ayisishiyagalombili kunendlu ene-patio, ingadi yezithelo noma i-corral. Nokho, bengilokhu ngithanda ukubona ifayela le- uhlangothi oluhle lwezinto, noma ngabe zinzima kangakanani, futhi lolu bhubhane lungivumele sebenzisa isikhathi esiningi nomndeni wami futhi ubhale kunanini ngaphambili.