Ucingo lukaCthulhu

Ucingo lukaCthulhu

Ucingo lukaCthulhu

Ucingo lukaCthulhu -Ucingo lukaCthulhu, ngesiNgisi - ingubuciko wobuciko bombhali waseMelika u-HP Lovecraft. Le ndaba eyashicilelwa ngo-1928 yaqala lokho okwakuthiwa "umjikelezo wokubhalwa kwezinganekwane zaseCthulhu", uchungechunge lwezindaba namanoveli we-cosmic horror. Kuyisethi yezindaba ezihlobene nezidalwa zakudala zasemhlabeni ezibuyayo noma ezivusayo ukunqoba iplanethi.

Ukubaluleka kwamuva kwesibalo sikaCthulhu ngaphakathi kwesiko laseMelika akunakuphikwa.: izincwadi, imidlalo yebhodi, amahlaya, izikhindi ezimfushane ezibukwayo, imidlalo yamafilimu, imidlalo yevidiyo ... Manje, isibalo esikhulu kakhulu sokushiwo kwebhizinisi elesabekayo senzekile emculweni, (ezingomeni zamaqembu adume umhlaba wonke njengeMetallica noma i-Iron Maiden, ngokwesibonelo).

Isifinyezo se- Ucingo lukaCthulhu

Inicio

Ubusika 1926 - 1927. UFrances Wayland Thurson, isakhamuzi esihloniphekile saseBoston, kwaziswa ngokushona kukamalume wakhe omkhulu, UGeorge G. Angell. Lesi sakamuva kwaba uprofesa ovelele Wezilimi AmaSemite kusuka eBrown University. Mayelana nokufa kunezinguqulo ezimbili: esisemthethweni, ngenxa yokuboshwa kwenhliziyo okwenzeka ngenkathi uthisha ekhuphuka umgwaqo eduze kwamatheku.

Esikhundleni salokho, inguqulo yesibili (evela kwabanye ofakazi) igcizelela ukuthi umuntu omnyama wacindezela usolwazi wehla emthambekeni. Ukuba yindlalifa yakhe yedwa, UThurson uthola yonke imibhalo yophenyo kanye nezinto zakhe ezivela ku-Angell. Phakathi kwemibhalo nempahla yasendlini, kukhona ibhokisi eliyinqaba eliqukethe ukubaza okungunxande ngemibhalo efana ne-hieroglyphic.

Thengisa Ucingo lweCthulhu ...
Ucingo lweCthulhu ...
Azikho izibuyekezo

I-Enigma ngokukhululeka okuphansi

UFrances uhumusha lesi sithombe njengokumelela isidalwa esesabekayo esathweswa imiqhele futhi sizungezwe izakhiwo ezithile eziphazamisayo ze-monolithic. Ngokufanayo, ebhokisini kunokunqunywa kwamaphephandaba; omunye walabo ukhuluma "ngenkolo yaseCthulhu." Amagama amabili avela kaningi eceleni kwezindaba ezibhaliwe: UHenry Anthony Wilcox noJohn Raymond Legrasse.

UWilcox wayengumfundi ozimele eRhode Island School of Fine Arts owakhombisa isithombe esisaxande (esasisisha) esingunxande kuProfesa Angell ngoMashi 1925. Umfundi wathi ukuqoshwa kwavela emibonweni ayenayo yomuzi odangele yama-monoliths amakhulu amabi ahlanganiswe nobulembu. Futhi, uHenry wathi uwuzwile umyalezo othi "Cthulhu Fhtagn."

Umbhalo wesandla wokuqala

U-Angell wagcina irekhodi elibhaliwe lakho konke ukuhlangana kwakhe noWilcox. Okwamanje, umfundi wahlushwa umkhuhlane ongaziwa izinsuku ezimbalwa ne-amnesia yesikhashana elandelayo. Kunoma ikuphi, uprofesa waqhubeka ephenya; kutholwe ngocwaningo ukuthi umbono kaHenry uqondane nemibono efanayo yezinye izimbongi nabaculi.

Ngokwengeziwe, ukunqunywa kwabezindaba kukhombisa iziqephu zokwesaba okukhulu nokuzibulala ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba ezenzeke ngasikhathi sinye nenkathi yokubonisana kaWilcox. Ngokufanayo, ezindaweni zokuhlanzelwa iziguli iziguli eziningi zahlangabezana “nemibono” eyayinesilo esikhulu esigcwele amatende nedolobha eliyindida.

Ihlelo

Omunye wemibhalo yesandla ka-Angell wahlehlela emuva eminyakeni eyi-17 futhi khuluma ngeLegrasse. Lokhu bekungumhloli wamaphoyisa obambe iqhaza ekuphenyweni kokunyamalala okuyisimangaliso kwabesifazane nezingane edolobheni laseLouisana. Futhi, umseshi kubonakala sengathi ube ngufakazi wokuzibonela wamahlelo aseCthulhu (test kwadingeka statuette eqoqwe kolunye lwale masiko).

Engqungqutheleni yemvubukulo yaseSt. umphenyi wabhenela kochwepheshe abehlukene ngenhloso yokuthola umfanekiso. Umhloli wamazwe nesazi semvelaphi yabantu uWilliam Webb kuphela owathi wabona noma yini efanayo ngasogwini olusentshonalanga yeGreenland. Le micimbi yenzeke ngonyaka we-1860, lapho uWebb ehlangana nesizwe sama-Eskimo ansundu ngokuziphatha okunyanyekayo.

Isiboshwa

"UCastro omdala" wayekade ephenywa ngemibuzo yiqembu likaLegrasse ngo-1907 ngemuva kokubanjwa eNew Orleans ngesikhathi somkhosi owawubandakanya ukuzidela kwabantu. UCastro nezinye iziboshwa bakhombe lesi sithombe "njengompristi ophakeme uCthulhu," ibhizinisi eliphakathi kwezinkanyezi elilinde ukuvuka "lapho izinkanyezi zisebenza kahle."

Khona-ke, abathunjwa bahumushe ingoma yabo —Okujwayelekile kulokho kwama-Eskimo— ngegama elithi: "Ekhaya lakhe eR'leyh, uCthulhu oshonile ulinde ukuphupha". Ngemuva kokufunda umbhalo wesibili, uThurson uyaqonda ukuthi ukufa kukamalume wakhe omkhulu akubanga ngengozi. Ngalesi sizathu, uqala ukwesaba impilo yakhe, ngoba "usevele wazi kakhulu."

Idolobha elibi

Uyesaba, UFrances wehla uphenyo lwehlelo laseCthulhu (Phambilini wahlangana noWilcox noLegrasse). Kepha ifayili lobuntatheli endlini yomngani enesithombe se-statuette (esifana nomhloli) ukuvuselela uzungu lwabo. Lezi zindaba okukhulunywa ngazo zilandisa ngendaba yomkhumbi - i-Emma - eyatakulwa olwandle nomuntu owasinda ehlukumezekile, uGustaf Johansen.

Yize itilosi elidangele linqabile ukunikeza imininingwane yemicimbi, UFrances uthola ukuthi kwenzekani ngedayari kaJohansen. Ngokusobala u-Emma wahlaselwa ngomunye umkhumbi, i-Aler. Izisulu zibe sezijikijela ebusweni be "… isidumbu-dolobha saseR'lyeh". Lapho, uGustaf nabangane bakhe babona ukuzalwa kabusha kukaCthulhu.

Ukuvuka

UGustaf ukwazile ukushaya lesi silo esikhulu ekhanda ngesikhathi eyigwedla ngomkhumbi. Kusukela lapho, akekho omunye umuntu owaziwayo ukuthi usibonile isidalwa. Ngemuva kwesikhashana itakuliwe, leli litilosi latholwa lisolile lisolisa. Ngenxa yalokho, uThurson ukholelwa ukuthi abalandeli bakaCthulhu bazozama ukumbulala ngenxa yakho konke akwaziyo.

Ekugcineni, uFrances osulile emsebenzini wamukela ubukhona bezinhlangano ezivela kweminye imihlaba nemibuzo edlula ukuqonda komuntu. Ngaphambi kokuvalelisa, uThurson uthi idolobha kanye nesilo saseCthulhu kumele kucwile, kungenjalo, "Umhlaba ubuzobe ukhala ngokwesaba". Ukuboniswa kokugcina kwe-protagonist kufunda okulandelayo:

Ngubani owaziyo ukuphela? Okuvelile manje kungacwila futhi okushonile kungavela. Isinengiso silinda futhi siphuphe ekujuleni kolwandle nangaphezu kokubhujiswa kwemizi yabantu okungabazekayo. Usuku luzofika, kepha angifanele futhi angikwazi ukucabanga ngalo. Uma ngingawusindi lo mbhalo wesandla, ngincenga abaphathi befa bami ukuthi ukuhlakanipha kwabo kudlule ubuhlakani babo futhi kuvimbele ukuwela ngaphansi kwamehlo. "

Sobre el autor

UHoward Phillips Lovecraft wazalwa ngo-Agasti 20, 1890, eProvidence, eRhode Island, e-United States. Ukhulele emndenini wama-bourgeois ngokuthambekela ekilasini (ukucwaswa okuphawuleka kakhulu ikakhulukazi kumama wakhe owayezivikela ngokweqile). Ngokuhambisana, umbhali wasungula umbono wabahlonishwa futhi weza ukukhombisa ukucwasa kwakhe ngezikhathi eziningana (kubonakala emibhalweni yakhe).

Yize uLovecraft echithe impilo yakhe yonke edolobheni lakubo, wayehlala eNew York phakathi kuka-1924 no-1927.. Ku-Big Apple washada nomthengisi nombhali we-amateur uSonia Greene. Kodwa lo mbhangqwana wahlukana eminyakeni emibili kamuva futhi umbhali wabuyela eProvidence. Lapho washona ngoMashi 15, 1937, ngenxa yomdlavuza emathunjini amancane.

Ukwakhiwa

Phakathi kuka-1898 no-1935, ULovecraft uqede ukushicilelwa okungaphezulu kwama-60 phakathi kwezindaba ezimfishane, izindaba namanoveli. Kodwa-ke, akazange azuze udumo empilweni. Eqinisweni, kwakusuka ku-1960 lapho umbhali waseMelika aqala ukuthola udumo njengomdali wezindaba ezethusayo.

Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu

  • Ucingo lukaCthulhu
  • Isithunzi sesinye isikhathi
  • Ezintabeni zomsangano
  • Icala likaCharles Dexter Ward
  • Amakati ka-Ulthar
  • Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesithiyo sephupho
  • Ukuseshwa emaphusheni eKadath engaziwa
  • Isithunzi phezu kwe-Innsmouth.

Ithonya likaCthulhu ezincwadini zakamuva nakubuciko

Kuze kube manje, umsebenzi kaLovecraft uhunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili nanhlanu futhi igama lakhe liyisithenjwa esingenakuphikwa emlandweni owethusayo we-cosmic. Yini enye, izinganekwane zaseCthulhu zithonye abalandeli abaningi, ababephethe "ukonga" ifa likaLovecraft. Phakathi kwabo kukhona u-August Derleth, Clark Ashton Smith, Robert E. Howard, Fritz Leiber noRobert Bloch.

Abanye ababhali ababhekise kuCthulhu

  • Ray Bradbury
  • Stephen King
  • UClive Barker
  • URobert Shea
  • URobert Anton Wilson
  • UJoyce Carol Oates
  • UGilles Deleuze
  • UFeliks Guattari.

Amahlaya namahlaya

  • UPhillip Druillet, uJosep María Beà no-Allan Moore (bobathathu benza ukuzivumelanisa kwasekuqaleni kususelwa esilo saseLovecraftian)
  • UDennis O'Neil, umdwebi wekhathuni Batman (Idolobha lase-Arkham, ngokwesibonelo, lasungulwa nguLovecraft).

Ubuciko besikhombisa

  • Isigodlo seHaunted (1963), nguRoger Corman
  • Into etholakala komunye umhlaba (1951), nguWoward Hawks
  • Alien: umgibeli wesishiyagalombili (1979), nguRidley Scott
  • The Thing (1982), nguJohn Carpenter
  • Ukunikeza-animation (1985), nguStuart Gordon
  • Ibutho lobumnyama (1992), nguSam Raimi
  • Faka umbala ngaphandle kwesikhala (2019), nguRichard Stanley.

umculo

Amabhendi ensimbi

  • Ingelosi Ethukile
  • Isikhathi Esibuhlungu
  • Metallica
  • Indawo yokuzalwa
  • Ukuhlupheka kwangaphakathi
  • Iron Maiden

Abaculi be-rock ne-blues be-Psychedelic

  • UClaudio Gabis
  • I-Lovecraft (ukwenza iqembu).

Abaqambi bomculo we-Orchestral

  • I-Chad fifer
  • ICyro Chamber
  • UGraham Plowman.

Imidlalo yevidiyo

  • Uwedwa Ebumnyameni, Isiboshwa seqhwa y Isithunzi se-Cometngu-Infogames.
  • Ucingo lukaCthulhu: Amakhona Amnyama OmhlabanguBethesda Softworks
  • Call of Cthulhu: The Official Video Game (umdlalo wokudlala indima odlalwa online) yiCyanide Studio.

Ukugxekwa kwe- "lovecraftian formula"

Izinganekwane zaseCthulhu zithathwa njengezinhlangano zemibhalo uqobo yizazi eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. Noma kunjalo, ILovecraft ibuye yaba isisulu sokugxekwa ngokusebenzisa isitayela sokwakhiwa - Ngokwababhali abafana noJorge Luis Borges noma uJulio Coltázar, ngokwesibonelo-- elula futhi ebikezelayo.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezinye izifundiswa ziyacabanga Incwadi yesihlabathi (1975) nguBorges njengenkokhiso kuLovecraft. Kepha amanye amazwi akholelwa ukuthi inhloso yangempela yobungcweti base-Argentina bekungukukhombisa ubuningi befomula yaseLovecraftian. Ngokwengxenye yayo, endabeni yakhe Amanothi ngeGothic eRío de la Plata (1975), uColtázar ubhekise kumbhali I-American Ngokulandelayo:

“Indlela kaLovecraft iyinhloko. Ngaphambi kokukhipha imicimbi engaphezulu kwemvelo noma emnandi, uyaqhubeka nokuphakamisa ikhethini kancane kancane ochungechungeni oluphindaphindwayo noluyisicefe lwamathafa athusayo, inkungu yemvelo, amaxhaphozi adume kabi, izinganekwane zomgede nezidalwa ezinemilenze eminingi evela emhlabeni onobudlova ”...


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.