Ubusika bomhlaba

Ubusika bomhlaba (Ubusika bomhlaba, isihloko sokuqala ngesiNgisi) yingxenye yesibili yeTrilogy of the Century eyenziwe nguKen Follet. Kuyichungechunge lomlando ivolumu yalo yokuqala kwaba Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya (cishe iMpi Enkulu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isaga linconywe ngobuqiniso nokunemba okukhonjiswe ngumbhali waseWales ezindabeni zakhe.

Hhayi ngeze, Ubusika bomhlaba kuyincwadi enamakhasi angaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye. Ilandisa ngezehlakalo ezaqala eminyakeni eyandulela iMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba kuya ekuqhamukeni kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ukwenza lokhu, umbhali ungena ezimpilweni zemindeni emihlanu ebhekene nezinkinga ezifana ne-fascism, ukungena e-USSR, impi yombango yaseSpain nomjaho wenuzi, phakathi kokunye.

Sobre el autor

UKen Follet wazalelwa eCardiff, eWales, ngoJuni 5, 1949. Njengoba ekhulele emndenini wamaKrestu osadla ngoludala, abazali bakhe - uMartin noVeenie Follet - bamvimba ekuphazanyisweni njengamabhayisikobho noma ithelevishini. Ngokulandelana, UKen osemncane waba nesithakazelo sokuqala ekufundeni. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-50 yena nomndeni wakhe bahlala eLondon.

Lapho, wafunda ifilosofi e-University College yaseLondon phakathi kuka-1967 no-1970. Lapho eseqedile, wathatha izifundo zobuntatheli zezinyanga ezintathu wenza lo msebenzi ephephandabeni ISouth Wales Echo edolobheni langakubo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu eseWales, wasebenzela i Evening Standard Kusuka elondon. Kodwa-ke, ngalesi sikhathi uFollet waqala ukuncika kakhulu emhlabeni wokushicilela.

Indawo yokwakha

Inaliti enkulu (1974) imele ukukhishwa kwayo kokuqala kwemibhalo kanye nevolumu yokuqala yochungechunge Ama-apula Carstairs, isayinwe ngaphansi kwesidlaliso esithi Simon Myles. Amanoveli okuqala ashicilelwe ngaphansi kwegama lakhe kwakungu Shakeout (1975) futhi Ukuhlaselwa Kwentshebe (1976), ochungechungeni lwakhe lweSpy Roper. Ngokunjalo, uFollet wasayina ngaphansi kwamabizo-mbumbulu uMartin Martinsen, uBernard L. Ross noZachary Stone, ezinye izincwadi eziyisithupha phakathi kuka-1976 no-1978.

Kodwa-ke, ngokususelwa empumelelweni ye- Isiqhingi seziphepho (1978), uFollet akazange asebenzise i-alias futhi. Eqinisweni, leso sihloko sikhombe iphuzu lokwethulwa emkhakheni wezemibhalo owaziwayo ohlanganisa amanoveli angaphezu kwama-40 kuze kube manje. Ngokulinganayo, umbhali waseBrithani uphumelele ikakhulukazi emkhakheni ongaphansi kwe- inoveli yomlando nasezincwadini ezinezingqikimba ezisolisayo.

Amanoveli omlando kaKen Follet aziwa kakhulu

• Izinsika zomhlaba, (Izinsika Zomhlaba, 1989). Isitolimende sokuqala se-trilogy engaziwa.
• Indawo ebizwa ngenkululeko (Indawo Ebizwa Ngenkululeko, 1995).
• Umhlaba ongapheli (Umhlaba Ongapheli, 1997). Isitolimende sesibili se-trilogy Izinsika zomhlaba.
• Ikholomu yomlilo (Ikholomu Yomlilo, 2017). Isitolimende sesithathu se-trilogy Izinsika zomhlaba.

I-Trilogy Yekhulu - Ikhulu Leminyaka

• Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya (Ukuwa Kwemidondoshiya, 2010). Ngena ezenzakalweni ezinjengokugqashuka kweMpi Enkulu, iRussia Revolution, kanye neProhibition e-United States yango-1920.
• Ubusika Bomhlaba). Ingena ezenzakalweni ezixhunyaniswe neMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwezepolitiki okwaholela eMpini Yomshoshaphansi.
• Umbundu waphakade (Umngcele Waphakade, 2014). Hlola imicimbi kusukela ekwakhiweni koDonga lwaseBerlin, kuze kubulawe uMongameli uKennedy nokulwela amalungelo omphakathi e-US, kuya eminyakeni eyalandela ukuwa kweSoviet Union.

Ubusika bomhlaba

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele.

Ukuxabana

Intambo elandisayo iphethwe yimindeni emibili yaseMelika (uDewar noPeshkov), owesiNgisi (Fitzherbert), owesi-Welsh (uLeckwith-Williams), amaJalimane amabili (uVon Ulrich noFranck) kanye noRussia (uPeshkov). Incwadi iqala ngonyaka we-1933, phakathi neminyaka yokwenyuka okunganqandeki kukaShansela uHitler kanye nokwesabeka okwalandela kobuNazi.. Ukuvalwa kwenzeka ngo-1949, ekuphakameni komjaho wenuzi weCold War.

Okwamanje, kuqubuka impi yombango enegazi eSpain ephela ngoFranco emandleni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lomhlaba, ukuhlaselwa kwePearl Harbor kuphawula ukuqala kweMpi yasePacific, njengoba nje ukuqhuma kwenuzi eJapan kushiya uphawu olungenakucimeka enkumbulweni yamaJapane nabaseMelika.

Isiqubulo

Alemania

Amanye amaqembu omndeni ashiwo ngenhla phambilini avele ngaphakathi Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya. Yize lesi sikhathi kungabantwana babo abagxila esenzweni phakathi kobulukhuni nezindaba ezithile zothando. Olayini bokuqala bachaza iLady Mount (manje eyiLady Von Ulrich), intatheli ethembekile kumagugu akhe, ophikisayo onolaka weNational Socialism.

Umyeni wakhe, uWalter Von Ulrich uyiPhalamende leSocial Democratic; UCarla, indodakazi endala, uyintokazi enakekelayo, enamaqiniso futhi ekhuthele. Esikhundleni salokho, u-Eric, indodana encane kunazo zonke, ungumuntu osemusha oyengwe ngenkulumo yobushiqela yamaNazi futhi ujoyina intsha kaHitler. Njengoba ama-fascist ekhombisa izinhloso zawo ezinkulu, amaVon Ulrichs avakashelwa ngu-Ethel Williams nendodana yakhe uFloyd.

ISpain ne-UK

UFloyd Williams uya eZaragoza ukuyojoyina i-International Brigades elwela ukuba semthethweni kweRiphabhulikhi e-Battle of Belchite. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uFloyd uchitha isikhathi esithabathabeni somuzi ka-Earl Fitzherbert (ngenkathi ibamba amabutho aseBrithani phakathi neMpi Yezwe II). Lapho uthandana nonkosikazi kaBoy Fitzherbert (izibulo lika-Earl), uDaisy.

UDaisy uyindodakazi engenamqondo kaLev Peshkov, washiya izwe lakubo (iBuffalo, eU.SA), wayofuna impilo emphakathini ophakeme waseNgilandi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva I-blitz (ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eLondon phakathi kuka-1940 - 1941 ngabezindiza baseJalimane) le ntombazane eyake yonakala yayishintsha izinhloso zayo.

i-Soviet Union

E-USSR, uVolodya, indodana kaGrigori Peshkov, uyilungu eliphakeme le-Red Army. Ngenxa yalokho, uVolodya ubambe iqhaza ngokuphelele ekumelaneni namaJalimane. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbhali uchaza imininingwane nge-Operation Barbarossa (1941), kanye nangezimpi zaseStalingrad (1942). futhi kusuka eKursk (1943). Futhi, kuchazwa imicimbi ehlobene neNgqungquthela yaseMoscow (1943).

United States

UFollet ukhuluma ngemicimbi efana ne-Enactment of the New Deal (1933 - 1937), i-Atlantic Charter (1941) y, ikakhulukazi, ukuhlaselwa kwesisekelo sePearl Harbor (1941), ngesandla somndeni wakwaDewar. Leli qembu lakhiwe uSenator Gus Dewar, umkakhe uRosa (oyintatheli), nezingane zabo uChuck noWoody.

Ubunhloli nobudlova

Ngokusebenzisa — ngokomqondo— abalingiswa besibili, uFollet ungena ezifundweni ezinjengohlelo olunonya i-Aktion T4. Yikuphi okwaba yingxenye enesihluku kakhulu yokuqothulwa kohlanga lwamaSemite futhi kwaholela ekuthotshisweni kobungqingili nezinhlanga ezazithathwa "njengaphansi" kuma-Aryan aseJalimane.

Ngokwengeziwe, umbhali waseWelsh uchaza ubunhloli bezinhlangano ezinjengeGestapo, insizakalo eyimfihlo yamaNgisi kanye ne-NKVD (umanduleli weKGB yaseRussia). Ekugcineni, UFollet uqedela le ndaba ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-40, ngesikhathi lapho umncintiswano wenuzi waqala ukudinwa., ngokuqhuma kokuhlola okwalandela.

I-Análisis

Isikweletu esikhulu sikaKen Follet senza incwadi enamakhasi angama-957 kube lula ukuyifunda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuguquguquka phakathi kwezinhlamvu eziyinhloko nezesibili ezijabulisa kakhulu. Ngokwentshisekelo yemvelo yabafundi emininingwaneni yezenzakalo zomlando, izindaba zothando nokuhlukumezeka komuntu siqu kwamalungu endaba kubumbene ngokuphelele.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukujula kwengqondo kwabalingiswa akumangalisi. Yize kunjalo, izingxenye ze-meta-fiction aziguquli umnyombo wemicimbi yangempela. Ngakho-ke, umfundi akanaso isikhala esiningi sokuzibuza ngokugqugquzelwa kanye nezinto ezikhethekile zabaphikisi. Ngakho-ke, Ubusika bomhlaba iyinoveli ebaluleke kakhulu yomlando kubathandi bale ndlela engezansi.