URamón Gómez de la Serna

I-Palencia landscape

I-Palencia landscape

URamón Gómez de la Serna wayengumbhali omkhulu waseSpain, futhi ethathwa njengomunye wababhali bemibhalo ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni okhuluma iSpanish. Yayibonakala ngesitayela sayo esiyingqayizivele nesingahloniphi; kuye ukusungulwa kohlobo lwe "las greguerías" kukweletwa. Ngalolu hlobo lwemibhalo ezenzekelayo, umbhali wakhiqiza inqwaba yezincwadi, ezithathwa njengesandulela sokwenziwa kwamasiko okuziqhenya; phakathi kwalokhu kuvela: Gregueries (1917) futhi Ubude yama-greguerías (1955).

Yize ama-greguerías akhe amnikeza ukuqashelwa, nabo Ugqame kakhulu ngokushicilelwa kwamanoveli ayi-18 - abonakala ngokuqukethe imininingwane eyimpoxo ngempilo yakhe—. Esokuqala kwaba La umfelokazi omnyama nomhlophe (1917), indaba lapho kunamahemuhemu okuthi kunemininingwane yobudlelwano bakhe noCarmen de Burgos. Usethunjelwe eBuenos Aires, washicilela omunye wemisebenzi yakhe ebaluleke kakhulu yomlando womuntu: I-Automoribundia (1948).

Isifinyezo somlando weGómez de la Serna

NgoLwesibili ngoJulayi 3, 1888 - edolobheni laseRejas, eMadrid - kwazalwa uRamón Javier José y Eulogio. Abazali bakhe babengummeli uJavier Gómez de la Serna noJosefa Puig Coronado. Ngenxa yempi yaseSpain-American (1898), umndeni wakhe wanquma ukuthuthela ePalencia. Kuleso sifundazwe waqala izifundo zakhe ePiarist school yaseSan Isidoro.

Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, ubaba wakhe wakhethwa njengephini leLiberal. Kamuva, Babuyela eMadrid, lapho uRamón aqhubeka khona nokuqeqeshwa kwakhe e-Instituto Cardenal Cisneros. Ngo-1902, eneminyaka engu-14, waqala ukushicilelwa kwe- El Postal, Ijenali Yezokuvikela Amalungelo Abafundi, umagazini onemifanekiso nemibhalo ehlukahlukene ebhalwe ngesandla.

Imisebenzi yokuqala yezincwadi

Lapho eqeda isikole samabanga aphakeme, wabhalisela i-Faculty of Law - yize ayengabambisene nalomsebenzi. Ngo-1905, futhi ngenxa yemali kayise, washicilela incwadi yakhe yokuqala: Ukungena emlilweni. Ngo-1908, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe zomthetho eNyuvesi yase-Oviedo. Ngokufanayo, ethanda ukubhala, washicilela ngawo lowo nyaka umsebenzi wakhe wesibili: Ukuhlukumezeka.

Umagazini I-Prometeo

Ezinsukwini zakhe zokuqala njengomlobi, UGómez de la Serna ungene kwezobuntatheli; lapho wakhombisa okwakhe, ebonakala ngokugxeka umphakathi. Idale ukubuyekeza Prometheus, lapho abhala khona ngaphansi kwegama mbumbulu elithi "Tristán". Izincwadi azenza kulowo mzwilili zazithanda izinqubomgomo zikayise. Wayehlanjalazwa kakhulu ngama-athikili akhe, wayecatshangelwa:

Ukudalwa kwe- «las greguerías»

Le yimisebenzi yezincwadi eyingqayizivele, umphumela wokuvela kwayo, ubuhlakani nokuzimisela. Uzishicilela ngokusemthethweni ngo-1910 futhi uzichaza ngokuthi "isingathekiso kanye namahlaya." Ngokwabo, yizinkulumo ezimfushane ze-aphoristic eziveza izimo zomkhuba zisebenzisa ukubhuqa nokuhlekisa. Ukwenza lokhu, wasebenzisa amaqiniso angajwayelekile, imibhalo ehlakaniphile noma imidlalo yomqondo.

Ukufa kukaGómez de la Serna

Ukucaphuna kukaRamón Gómez de la Serna

Ukucaphuna kukaRamón Gómez de la Serna

Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, umbhali wakha iphothifoliyo yezincwadi enamandla equkethe amanoveli, ama-eseyi, ama-biographies nemidlalo. Imibhalo yakhe isebenze njengesibonelo ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo. Abagxeki bambheka njengomunye wabalobi abavelele baseSpain. Ngemuva kwezimpi ezihlomile zango-1936, IGómez de la USerna wathuthela e-Argentina, lapho ahlala khona waze washona ngoJanuwari 12, 1963.

Ezinye izincwadi zikaRamón Gómez de la Serna

Umfelokazi omnyama nomhlophe (1917)

Kuyinto a ukulandisa kwengqondo isethwe eMadrid. Inezinhlamvu ezimbili eziyinhloko: u-hedonist Rodrigo nomfelokazi uCristina. Ngelinye ilanga, le ndoda yahambela imisa futhi yayikhathazekile ngowesifazane oyindida owayezovuma izono. Ngemuva kokuncenga intokazi, wabuyiselwa, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana baqala ukuba yizithandani. Ukusuka lapho, uRodrigo wazimisela ukuthi ahambele uCristina endlini yakhe njalo ntambama.

Owesifazane -umkhiqizo wamanxeba akhe edlule Matrimonio- kwase isidalwa esimnyama. URodrigo wakubona, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlangana ngemuva komhlangano, waqala ukwesaba. Sasinjena isimo sakhe, lokho indoda yahlaselwa ukuqagela ngezimbangela zobufelokazi besithandwa sakhe. Konke lokhu kwadala isimo sokusola ukuthi kwamphazamisa ngokomqondo, emgcwalisa ngokungazethembi nokungabaza.

Okungekho emthethweni (1922)

Kule ndaba Kwethulwa ama-anecdotes amaningana avela empilweni kaGustavo, umuntu othintekayo lokho okuthiwa ububi bekhulu leminyaka: "ukungathandeki”. Le yinsizwa ezalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ukukhula kwayo ngokomzimba kubonakaliswe ngokuba khona kwezici ezinhle. Into ejwayelekile ebukhoneni babo ushintsho oluqhubekayo, empeleni, nsuku zonke bathola uhlobo lwezindaba ezahlukahlukene. Inikeza isithombe sokuthi konke kuyiphupho, iqiniso elingenangqondo lapho uthando luhlala lucingwa khona.

UJulio Cortázar, umbhali weHopscotch

UJulio Cortazar

Lo msebenzi uhlukile futhi uthathwa njengomanduleli wohlobo lwe-surrealist, ngoba lashicilelwa ngaphambi kwemanifesto yokuqala nemisebenzi kaKafka. Umbhalo owenziwe ngobuhlakani; Izimfanelo zayo zifaka phakathi isikhathi samanje, izinkondlo, amahlaya, inqubekela phambili nendida. Ukulandisa kunombhalo wokuvula kaJulio Cortázar onikelwe umbhali, lapho egcina khona: "Isililo sokuqala sokubalekela ezincwadini ezivamile eziqanjiwe."

Owesifazane wase-Amber (1927)

Kuyinoveli emfushane esethwe eNaples, ngokususelwa kokuhlangenwe nakho komlobi kulelo dolobha lase-Italy. Umbhalo ulandiswa ngomuntu wesithathu futhi utshela indaba kaLorenzo, indoda yasePalencia ohambela edolobheni laseNeapolitan futhi ahlangane noLucia. Ngokushesha bayazithanda, zombili zihlala imizwa engapheli phakathi kwezothando. Kodwa-ke, umndeni kaLucia uyabuchitha lobu budlelwano, ngoba omunye wokhokho bakhe wafa ngenxa yomSpain.

I-knight yekhowe elimpunga (1928)

Kuyinto elandisayo ngefomethi ye-serial Kudlala uLeonardo, indoda ekhokhelwayo. Lo muntu, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe wobugebengu, uhlala ebaleka, ezulazula emadolobheni ahlukahlukene aseYurophu. Kokunye kwalolu hambo, ufika eParis, angene ebhazari bese ehlangabezana nesigqoko sokuphotha esimpunga; umxhwele, uyathenga. Lapho uphuma esitolo, uyaqaphela ukuthi abantu bakubona ngokuhlukile, njengokungathi ungumuntu ocebile.

Kusuka lapho, U-Leonardo unquma ukusizakala ngesigqoko sokuphosa futhi uya emihlanganweni ephakeme yomphakathi ukuze enze imikhonyovu yakhe. Kuyena, le nto elula isiphenduke intelezi yenhlanhla emvumela ukuthi enze okubi kwakhe ezingeni eliphakeme.

I-Automoribundia (1948)

Kungumsebenzi wokuphila komuntu owenziwa ngumlobi futhi wadlanga emphakathini e-Argentina eneminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Abagxeki besikhathi bakuthatha njengomsebenzi wakhe ofanele kakhulu. Umbhalo uchaza isikhathi seminyaka engama-60 yempilo yakhe (phakathi kuka-1888 no-1948). Amakhasi ayo acishe abe ngu-800 aqukethe izithombe nemidwebo eyenziwe abaseSpain. Kuyindaba yobusha bakhe, impilo yakhe njengombhali nokuthi wakhula kanjani enganakile.

Esanduleleni sakhe, umbhali wathi: “Ngiphakamise kuphela lapho ngiqedela umlando wami wokukhuluma ukukhala komphefumulo, thola ukuthi ngiyaphila nokuthi ngiyafa, vusa i-echo ukwazi ukuthi nginalo yini izwi. Unembeza wami ukhululeke kakhulu futhi wazola ngemuva kokubhala le ncwadi, lapho ngithatha khona yonke imithwalo yemfanelo yempilo yami ”.


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Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.