Ubani ongazange ayifunde i- "Lazarillo de Tormes"?

Ngokukhuluma nje ngale ncwadi ingqondo yami ibuyela emuva ngesikhathi futhi iyema eminyakeni yokuqala yesikole esiphakeme. Ngabe ngabe, bangaki? Iminyaka eyishumi nantathu noma eyishumi nane, mhlawumbe. Futhi njengami, ngicabanga ukuthi iningi lenu selifunde le ncwadi "uhhafu" ophoqwe uthisha wolimi nezincwadi obedlala ngalowo nyaka othize.

Iqiniso ukuthi anginazo izinkumbulo ezimbi zokulifunda, yize ngibe ngolimi olungasasebenzi ngokuphelele namuhla futhi ngilifunde cishe ngenxa yesibopho sesifundo sesikole. Ungasho okuphambene nalokho, ngicabanga ukuthi ngiyakukhumbula lokho Ngangikuthanda ngaleso sikhathi nokuthi anginakucabanga ngokufunda futhi uma bengingenakho ukufundwa okuningi okulindile nezincwadi eziningi ezintsha nezinhle engingazithola. Sizokhuluma ngalesi sihloko kwenye indatshana, mayelana nokuphinda ufunde izincwadi noma ukuqala ukufunda okusha (ucabangani ngalesi sihloko?).

Kuhle lokho, namhlanje ngize ukuzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu picaresque uhlobo inoveli nokubaluleka eyayinakho ngesikhathi sayo.

Inoveli yokuqala yohlobo lwe-picaresque

Kungabonakala njengenoveli eyodwa ye-picaresque, kepha akunjalo, okuphambene nalokho, i- "ULazarillo de Tormes" inokubaluleka okukhethekile okungekho olunye uhlobo lwe-picaresque onalo, futhi kwakuyinoveli yokuqala yohlobo lwayo.

De umbhali ongaziwa Namuhla, ababhali abaningi kuye kwathiwa kuye eminyakeni edlule, phakathi kwabo: UJuan de Ortega, uGeorge Hurtado de Mendoza, abafowabo uJuan no-Alfonso de Valdés, uSebastián de Horozco noma uLope de Rueda, phakathi kwabanye abaningi.

Akudingeki ukusho, kuyinoveli yaseSpain, ngo isitayela se-epistolary futhi kuba kubhalwe mathupha. Usuku lokuqala lokushicilelwa ngu 1554. Kuyinoveli enesimo esibucayi kakhulu emphakathini waseSpain waleso sikhathi, kuyinto enengqondo impela, futhi isemngceleni we unya kwezinye izikhathi zomlando.

Imayelana nani?

Lázaro, i-protagonist, ivela imvelaphi ethobekile futhi impofu impela, ngakho-ke kufanele babheke ukuthi basinde emphakathini ononya, nokuzenzisa futhi kanzima kanzima. Okulandelayo, sifingqa zonke izigaba ukulandwa kwalencwadi okudlula kuzo, eziningi zazo ezihlobene "namakhosi" kaLazaro:

• Umsuka kaLazaru: I-akhawunti yakhe engokomlando wakhe iqala ngokuchaza izimo zokuzalwa nobuntwana bakhe, zombili ezimakwe yihlazo nobuphofu ngokuphelele.

• Impumputhe, inkosi yayo yokuqala: Umama kaLazaro umnikela esemncane kakhulu kumuntu oyimpumputhe. Ngaye kufanele afunde ukusinda njengoba ehlangabezana nezinhlekelele ezinkulu. Ngalesi sikhathi lapho uLazaro ewina ubuqili obukhulu.

• U-squire, uthando lwakhe lwesithathu: Ngemuva kwale ndoda eyimpumputhe, uLázaro ukhonza umfundisi ohahayo nonobugovu cishe ongamondli, futhi kamuva ufike squire. Lokhu nobandlululo lwakhe oluhle kumvimbela ukuthi asebenze, ngakho-ke uLázaro futhi nguyena okwazile ukuthola ukudla futhi akusakaze naye. Lesi sikwele esivilaphayo, nokho, siqala ukuphatha uLazaro ngenhlonipho, kepha ubaleka abuye uweta asale yedwa.

• Khonza eziningana: ULazaro ukhonza i-friar, umthengisi wezinkunzi, umfundisi, kanye nesikhonzi senkantolo. Ngemuva kwalokhu wathola umsebenzi wokuba umphathi wedolobha eToledo futhi washada nesisebenzi sasendlini ka-Archpriest waseSan Salvador.

• Isigaba se-Archpriest yaseSan Salvador: Ekugcineni, uLázaro ukwazile ukuzuza ukuchuma okuthile futhi akanandaba nenhlebo ekhona ezungeze umkakhe nobudlelwano anabo nompristi omkhulu. Isibonelo salokhu singabonakala endimeni elandelayo ekhishwe encwadini:

- ULázaro de Tormes, okufanele abheke amazwi ezilimi ezimbi akasoze achuma. Ngikusho lokhu, ngoba bekungeke kumangaze ukubona umkakho engena endlini yami futhi emshiya. Ungena kakhulu ekuhlonipheni kwakho nakokwakhe. Futhi lokhu ngiyakwethembisa. Ngakho-ke, ungabheki ukuthi yini abangayisho, kodwa lokho onakho, ngithi, kuzuzisa wena.

 

"Mnumzane," ngithe, "Nginqume ukusondela kubafana abalungile." Kuliqiniso ukuthi abanye babangani bami bangitshele okuthile ngalokho, futhi nangaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu bangiqinisekisile ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba angishade, ubesebelethile kathathu, ekhuluma ngokuhlonipha uMusa Wakho, ngoba uphambili kwakho.