UFeliks Lope de Vega (1562-1635) kwaba enye yezimbongi ezibaluleke kakhulu nababhali bokudlala beSpanish Golden Age. Ngihlangane nje Iminyaka engu-455 kusukela azalwa futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kukufanele ukukhunjulwa kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukukufunda.
Imisebenzi yakhe ayinakubalwa. Amahlaya angamakhulu amaningana, amanoni angaba ngu-3.000 XNUMX namanoveli amathathu noma ama-epics ayisishiyagalolunye, phakathi kokunye. UFuenteovejuna, uPeribáñez noMkhuzi we-Ocaña, uK Knight wase-Olmedo, intokazi eyisiwula, Isijeziso ngaphandle kokuziphindisela, Inja emkhombeni, Ukusho ezimbalwa, babezoba abavelele kakhulu nabamele.
ULope wayevela emndenini ophansi, kodwa impilo yakhe yayigcwele ukweqisa nentshisekelo. Labo abaphila kakhulu ukubhala nabesifazane. Ubeshade kabili futhi enabathandi abayisithupha abaziwa ngabo azala nabo izingane eziyishumi nane. Ushone ngo-1635 eneminyaka engama-73 futhi wangcwatshwa ngayo yonke imincintiswano nodumo lwabakhulu. Kepha kunjalo ifa lakhe kwezobuciko alifi. Phila futhi njalo lapho sifunda.
Imisho
- Ukufuna akuyona inketho ngoba kufanele kube yingozi.
- Lapho abantu abahlukumezekile bethukuthele, futhi benquma, abaphindanga babuya ngaphandle kwegazi noma ukuziphindiselela.
- Angazi ukuthi kukhona amagama emhlabeni asebenzayo noma izikhulumi ezikhuluma ngobugagu njengezinyembezi.
- Umona izingane zothando, kepha zingama-bastard, ngiyavuma.
- Ulimi lwesiCastilian belungafuni ukuthi kusukela ekushadweni kuze kube ukukhathala kuzoba khona uhlamvu olungaphezu koyedwa.
- Umsuka wazo zonke izinkanuko uthando. Usizi, injabulo, injabulo nokuphelelwa yithemba kuzalwa ngaye.
- Yini enye ebulala ukulinda okuhle okudingekayo
ukuhlupheka ngobubi osunabo kakade. - Kuyaphoqeleka ukuthi kukhulunywe nenhlamba ngendlela ewubuwula ukuze ibajabulise.
- Awekho amagama emhlabeni aphumelela kangako noma izikhulumi eziqephuza njengezinyembezi.
- Ukuthi izinto ezinhle eziyinkulungwane zifundwa kowesifazane olungile.
- UNkulunkulu angisindise kubutha babangane!
- Lapho kukhona uthando ayikho inkosi, lolo thando lilingana nakho konke.
- Ithemba lami lahamba ngomoya;
ulwandle lwamxolela, itheku lambulala. - Izinkondlo ukudweba izindlebe, njengokupenda izinkondlo zamehlo.
- Okubalulekile akusilo kusasa, kodwa namuhla. Namuhla silapha, kusasa mhlawumbe, sizobe singasekho.
- Ukuthi alikho ikhambi lokukhohlwa uthando
njengolunye uthando olusha, noma umhlaba phakathi. - Lapho iguga iwayini ngokwengeziwe, iba namandla ngokwengeziwe: ngokungahambisani nemvelo yethu, uma iphila isikhathi eside, iphola.
- Kepha impilo imfishane: ukuhlala, konke kuyashoda; ukufa, konke kusale.
- Ayikho injabulo engenabo ubuhlungu njengemikhawulo yayo; ukuthi njengoba usuku luyinto enhle kakhulu futhi emnandi, ubusuku ekugcineni bunabo.
- Angisazi isizathu sokuthi kungani isizathu sami sikhathaza.
Amavesi
Thanda amavesi, imiqondo ehlakazekile,
ozelwe ngumphefumulo ezandleni zami,
ukuletha izinzwa zami ezivuthayo,
ozelwe enobuhlungu obukhulu kunenkululeko;
izisekelo zomhlaba, lapho kulahlekile khona,
wahamba waphuka kakhulu
ukuthi lapho wazalelwa khona kuphela
babaziwa ngegazi;
[...]
***
Ngiya endaweni yami yokuhlala yodwa,
Ngiya endaweni yami yokuhlala yodwa,
Ngiphuma enesizungu,
ngoba ukuhamba nami
imicabango yami yanele kimi.
Angazi ukuthi umuzi unani
lapho ngihlala khona nalapho ngifa khona,
kunokuvela kimi,
Angikwazi ukuqhubeka.
[...]
- Ngezinkondlo zakhe zenkolo ngeke sikhohlwe lokhu:
UKristu esiphambanweni
Ubani lowo mnumzane
ulimale ngezingxenye eziningi,
okuphelelwa yisikhathi kusondele kakhulu,
futhi akekho omsizayo?
"Jesus Nazareno" uthi
ilebula elimangalisayo.
O nkosi, yeka igama elimnandi
ayethembisi ukufa okudumile!
[...]
***
Yini enginayo, ukuthi ufuna ubungane bami?
Yini enginayo, ukuthi ufuna ubungane bami?
Ulandela siphi isithakazelo, Jesu wami,
ukuthi emnyango wami, embozwe ngamazolo,
Ingabe uchitha ubusuku obumnyama bobusika?
- Futhi mhlawumbe i-sonnet yothando enhle kunazo zonke ezincwadini zaseSpain:
Uphele amandla, ulinge, uthukuthele,
okunolaka, ithenda, inkululeko, okungajwayelekile,
ukhuthazekile, uyabulala, ushonile, uyaphila,
uthembekile, uyimbuka, ubugwala futhi unomoya;
ungatholi ngaphandle kwesikhungo esihle uphumule,
jabula, udabuke, uthobeke, uzidle,
uthukuthele, unesibindi, ubalekile,
wenelisekile, uphatheke kabi, uyasola;
balekela ubuso ukudana okusobala,
phuza ushevu ngoshukela ophuzayo,
ukhohlwe inzuzo, thanda okubi;
bakholelwa ukuthi izulu lingena esihogweni,
nikeza impilo nomphefumulo ekudumazekeni;
Lolu wuthando, noma ngabe ngubani olinambithile uyazi.
- Futhi lokhu, okudume kakhulu:
I-sonnet ingitshela ukuthi ngenze iViolante
ukuthi empilweni yami ngizibone sengisenkingeni enkulu;
amavesi ayishumi nane athi iyi-sonnet;
ukuklolodela ukubhuqa hamba abathathu phambili.
Ngangicabanga ukuthi angitholi ongwaqa
futhi ngiphakathi nenye i-quartet;
kepha uma ngizibona ngiku-triplet wokuqala,
akukho lutho kuma-quartet olungisabisayo.
Ku-triplet yokuqala engiyingenayo,
futhi kubonakala sengathi ngangena ngonyawo lwesokunene,
Qeda ngaleli vesi engilinikezayo.
Sengivele ngingowesibili, futhi ngisasola
Ngihamba ngamavesi ayishumi nantathu ayaphela;
ukubala ukuthi bayishumi nane yini, futhi kuyenziwa.