Iveza incwadi evela kuGeorge Orwell echaza isizathu somsebenzi wakhe "1984"

Kuyaziwa kubo bonke ukuthi phambilini, ababhali ngaphezu kokubhala imisebenzi yabo yezincwadi babethambekele kakhulu ekubhaleni amadayari amancane, izichasiselo nezincwadi bengagcini ngokutshela isimo ababehlala kuso ngaleso sikhathi kodwa babuye bachaze nokuthi kungani babhala umsebenzi othile noma omunye. Lokhu ngokwesibonelo icala le- George Orwell. Cishe eminyakeni emithathu edlule, umqulu wezincwadi uhlelwe ngu UPeter davison. Lezi zincwadi zazivela kumbhali wencwadi ethi "1984" futhi phakathi kwazo zonke kwakukhetheke kakhulu: the kuveza incwadi evela kuGeorge Orwell echaza isizathu somsebenzi wakhe «1984», odume umhlaba wonke.

En Actualidad Literatura Sinelungelo lokukunikeza lona. Eminyakeni emithathu ngemuva kwale ncwadi, UGeorge Orwell uzobhala inoveli yakhe ethi "1984":

Mangisho ukuthi ngiyakholelwa ukuthi uvalo umhlaba wonke unalo luyanda. UHitler akungabazeki ukuthi uzonyamalala maduzane, kodwa kuzodla izindleko zokuqinisa uStalin, osozimali base-Anglo-American, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zabalobi abancane abanjengoGaulle. Yonke iminyakazo kazwelonke emhlabeni wonke, ngisho nalawo aqhamuka ekumelaneni nokubuswa amaJalimane, abonakala ethatha izindlela ezingezona ezentando yeningi, ukuhlangana nabathile abangaphezu kwamandla abantu (uHitler, uStalin, uSalazar, uFranco, uGandhi, noDe Valera bayizibonelo ezahlukahlukene) nokwamukela umbono ukuthi ukuphela kuvikela izindlela. Kuyo yonke indawo ukunyakaza komhlaba kubukeka sengathi kusenkampanini yezomnotho emaphakathi engenza "umsebenzi" ngomqondo wezomnotho, kepha ayihlelekile ngokwentando yeningi futhi ijwayele ukusungula uhlelo lwezigaba. Ngalokhu kusuka kulokhu okwesabekayo kobuzwe obungokomzwelo kanye nokuthambekela kokungakholelwa ebukhoneni beqiniso elinenhloso, wonke amaqiniso kufanele ahambisane namazwi neziphrofetho zomunye führer ongenaphutha. Umlando usuvele unomqondo owodwa: waphela ukuba khona, okungukuthi. ayikho into efana nomlando wesikhathi sethu, ongamukelwa emhlabeni wonke, futhi isayensi ngqo isengcupheni, lapho nje isidingo sezempi siyeka ukugcina abantu besendaweni. UHitler angasho ukuthi amaJuda aqala impi, futhi uma esinda, lokhu kuzoba yindaba esemthethweni. Awukwazi ukusho ukuthi okubili okuhlanganisiwe nohlanganisiwe kunguhlanu, ngenxa yemiphumela ye, okushiwo yi-ballistics ezine okufanele ziyenze. Kepha yebo, uhlobo lomhlaba engilwesabayo luzofika, izwe lamazwe amabili noma amathathu amakhulu amakhulu angakwazi ukunqobana, ngababili kungaba abahlanu uma iFührer ifisa. Lokho, ngokubona kwami, inkomba lapho sihamba khona empeleni, noma kunjalo, inqubo ibuyela emuva.

Ngokuqondene nokuvikeleka kokuqhathaniswa kweGreat Britain ne-US Okungashiwo yilabo abashisekela ukulwa, asikabi nobushiqela okwamanje futhi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sethemba elikhulu. Ngikholelwa ngokujulile, njengoba ngichazile encwadini yami ethi The Lion and the Unicorn, esiNgisini nakwikhono labo lokufaka umnotho wabo ndawonye ngaphandle kokucekela phansi inkululeko yokwenza lokho. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iBrithani kanye neMelika abakakunambithanga ukunqotshwa, nokuthi bebengazi ngokuhlupheka okukhulu, futhi kunezimpawu ezithile ezimbi zokulinganisa okuhle. Okokuqala, kunokunganaki okujwayelekile ekwehleni kwentando yeningi. Uyabona, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi akekho eNgilandi ongaphansi kweminyaka engama-26 manje onevoti nokuthi kuze kufike lapho umuntu angabona khona inqwaba yabantu baleyo minyaka ababoni nhlobo ngalokhu? Okwesibili iqiniso lokuthi ongqondongqondo banobushiqela obuningi ngokubheka kunabantu abavamile. Izifundiswa zaseNgilandi zivame ukumelana noHitler, kepha kwaba izindleko zokumamukela uStalin. Abaningi babo bazilungele ngokuphelele izindlela zobushiqela, amaphoyisa ayimfihlo, ukuqamba amanga okuhleliwe komlando, njll., Inqobo nje uma bezwa ukuthi kusehlangothini "lwethu". Empeleni isimemezelo sokuthi asinayo inhlangano yama-fascist eNgilandi sisho ukuthi abantu abasha, ngalesi sikhathi, bafuna i-führer yabo kwenye indawo. Umuntu akanakuqiniseka ukuthi lokho ngeke kuguquke, futhi umuntu angaqiniseka ukuthi abantu abavamile bazocabanga ngakho eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, njengabafundi manje. Ngiyethemba ukuthi cha, ngiyethemba ukuthi ngeke, kepha kuzoba yindleko yokulwa. Uma umuntu ememezela nje ukuthi konke kwenzelwa okungcono futhi angakhombisi izimpawu eziyingozi, umane usiza ekusondeleni ubushiqela eduze.

Ubuye abuze ukuthi ngabe ngicabanga ukuthi umkhuba womhlaba ubheke kufascism, kungani ngiyisekela impi? Kuyinketho yobubi. Ngiyazi ngokwanele mayelana ne-imperialism yaseBrithani ukuthi angayithandi, kepha ngithanda ukuyisekela ngokumelene neNazism noma imperialism yaseJapan, njengobubi obuncane. Ngendlela efanayo bengizokweseka i-USSR ibhekane neJalimane ngoba ngikholelwa ukuthi i-USSR ayinakukubalekela ngokuphelele okwedlule futhi igcine imibono eyanele yeRevolution ukuyenza ibe nethemba kakhulu kuneJalimane lamaNazi. Ngiyakholelwa, futhi ngicabange selokhu kwaqala impi, ngo-1936, noma kancane, ukuthi imbangela yethu iyona engcono kakhulu, kodwa kufanele silandele okungcono kakhulu, okusho ukugxekwa okungapheli.

Ngokuzithoba,
I-Geo. Orwell

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, «1984» kungenye yezinto zakudala ezihamba phambili okungafundwa, kuyisincomo sakudala kanye nokunambitheka kwami, okungcono kakhulu okubhalwe nguGeorge Orwell. Ukwazi lokhu, ngokwazi amanothi awabhala eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi kokushicilela lo msebenzi, kulapho manje siqonda khona isizathu sempikiswano yakhe.

Amazwibela asemthethweni encwadi ethi «1984»

Incazelo ephazamisayo yesikhathi esizayo esuselwa ekugxekweni kobushiqela nokucindezelwa kwamandla, eyabekwa ngo-1984 emphakathini wamaNgisi owawuphethwe uhlelo lwe "bureaucratic collectivism" olulawulwa nguBig Brother. ILondon, 1984: UWinston Smith unquma ukuvukela uhulumeni wobushiqela olawula yonke iminyakazo yezakhamizi zakhe futhi ajezise ngisho nalabo abenza ubugebengu ngemicabango yabo. Wazi ngemiphumela emibi engalethwa ukungavumelani, uWinston ujoyina ubuzalwane obuyindida ngomholi u-O'Brien. Kancane kancane, i-protagonist yethu iyaqaphela ukuthi i-Brotherhood noma i-O'Brien ayiyona into ebonakala ngayo, nokuthi lokho kuhlubuka, ngemuva kwakho konke, kungaba yinjongo engenakufinyeleleka. Ekuhlaziyweni kwayo okuhle kwamandla nobudlelwano nokuncika ekudalweni komuntu ngamunye, i-1984 ingenye yamanoveli aphazamisa kakhulu futhi ahehayo kuleli khulu leminyaka.

Akukhona yini manje ukuthi uzizwe uthanda ukuphinda ufunde le ncwadi? Uma ungakayifundi, uthanda umhlaba wezepolitiki futhi ufuna ukufunda i-classic enhle, lesi yisincomo sami namuhla. Kujabulele!