Izinkondlo ZaseLatin American Contemporary (II)

Izolo siqale lo mbhalo ophindwe kabili, ngesitolimende sokuqala «Izinkondlo zesimanje zaseMelika zaseSpain« lapho sakhuluma nawe mayelana nezimbongi ezinodumo ezifana noGabriela Mistral, uJosé Marti noma uPablo Neruda. Kulesi sitolimende sikulethela enye engu-3 engacabangi kangako kunangaphambili. Ingabe mayelana César Vallejo, UVicente Huidobro y Octavio Paz.

Uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokujabulela izinkondlo ezinhle ezilethwe kolunye uhlangothi lwesiziba, hlala ufunde le ndatshana. Siyathembisa ukuthi uzokujabulela.

César Vallejo

Este I-Peruvia wezinkondlo ze-avant-garde owazalwa ngo-1982 futhi washona ngo-1938 wagqama ngomsebenzi wakhe obaluleke kakhulu wezinkondlo. Umsebenzi wakhe "Abamnyama Abamnyama" Ishicilelwe ngo-1919, igcina ama-echoes we-Modernism kepha izinkondlo zakhe eziningi, ezigxile ekuhluphekeni nasosizini, ziqala ngokwethula imitha engajwayelekile futhi zibhalwe ngomsindo ongakahleleki kakhulu kunalokho okubonwe kuze kube manje.

Njengoba ebhala, sibona ukuthi ukuthunjwa, ukushona kukanina, impi yombango yaseSpain eyinhlekelele futhi engenacala kanye nokungabi nabulungisa ngokujwayelekile, kuthatha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi wakhe wesikhathi esizayo. Kulesi siqeshana esifushane esizinikezele kuye sifuna ukukunikeza okuncane "Abamnyama Abamnyama", lapho ubuhlungu bomuntu buyisisekelo somsebenzi:

Kukhona ukushaywa empilweni, okunamandla kakhulu… angazi!
Amagalelo afana nokuzonda uNkulunkulu; sengathi phambi kwabo,
i-hangover yakho konke yahlupheka
izongena emphefumulweni ... angazi!

Bayingcosana; kodwa ba ... bavula imisele emnyama
ebusweni obunolaka nasemhlane onamandla.
Mhlawumbe kuzoba yimifantu yemaqaba u-Attila;
noma abamemezeli abamnyama abasithumela uKufa.

Lokhu kungukuwa okujulile koKristu bomphefumulo
yokholo oluthile oluthandekayo lokuthi uFate uyahlambalaza.
Lezo zingoma ezinegazi yimifantu
kwesinye isinkwa esivutha emnyango wehhavini.

Nendoda… Yayimpofu… impofu! Roll amehlo akho njengo
lapho ukushaya ihlombe kusibiza phezu kwehlombe;
uphendukisa amehlo ahlanya, nakho konke kuphila
amachibi, njengechibi lecala, ekubukeni.

Kukhona ukushaywa empilweni, okunamandla kakhulu… angazi!

UVicente Huidobro

Este Umbhali waseChile, futhi kusukela esikhathini se-avant-garde sezinkondlo zase-Hispano-American, njengoCésar Vallejo, waphinde wahlakulela amanoveli nendawo yaseshashalazini ngaphezu kwezinkondlo.

Fue omunye wabasunguli be "ukudala", indlalifa yokukhohlakala futhi yanyatheliswa ngo-1914 ngesiqubulo 'Akuyona serviam', ephika ukuthi ubuciko kufanele ilingise imvelo futhi igcine ukuthi kufanele idale izinto ezintsha ngegama.

U-Huidobro ufingqa kule nkondlo esizobona ngezansi kombono wakhe wenqubo yokudala, eyithatha njenge-manifesto yombono wakhe wokudala:

Ubuciko Benkondlo

Vumela leli vesi lifane nokhiye
Lokho kuvula iminyango eyinkulungwane.
Kuwa iqabunga; kukhona okundiza;
Amehlo abukeka edalwe kangakanani,
Nomphefumulo womlaleli uhlala uthuthumela.

Qamba imihlaba emisha futhi unakekele izwi lakho;
Lapho isichasiso singanikeli impilo, siyabulala.

Sisemjikelezweni wezinzwa.
Imisipha ilenga,
Njengoba ngikhumbula, eminyuziyamu;
Kepha yingakho sinamandla amancane:
Amandla weqiniso
Ihlala ekhanda.

Kungani uhlabelela i-rose, oh izimbongi!
Yenze iqhakaze enkondlweni;

Okwethu nje
Zonke izinto zihlala ngaphansi kweLanga.

Imbongi inguNkulunkulu omncane.

Octavio Paz

U-Octavio Paz, theorist omkhulu wokuzimela kwegama maqondana neqiniso: "Ngaphandle kwezwe lezimpawu, okuyizwe lamagama, alikho izwe." Kule nkondlo ka "Intulo" eyanyatheliswa ngo-1962, imbongi I-Mexican kuphakamisa labo imikhawulo phakathi kwangempela nokungokoqobo:

Uma ilambu elimhlophe lingokoqobo
yalesi sibani, yangempela
isandla esibhalayo, ingabe zingokoqobo
amehlo abheka okulotshwe?

Kusuka kwelinye igama kuya kwelinye
engikushoyo kuyaphela.
Ngiyazi ukuthi ngiyaphila
phakathi kwabakaki ababili.

Futhi kuze kube manje le ndatshana ephindwe kabili yezinkondlo zesimanje zaseLatin American. Uma uyithandile futhi ufuna ukuthi sibheke emuva kaningi ngezikhathi ezithile futhi silulame imibhalo namagama ezimbongi nabanye ababhali abasinikeze okuningi ngaleso sikhathi (futhi baqhubeke nokusinikeza), kufanele usitshele kithi ukuphawula noma ngamanethiwekhi omphakathi. Happy ngoLwesine ebusuku!