Ziyini izinkondlo ezibukwayo?

Izinkondlo ezibukwayo ziyakhanga

Ukuhumusha okubukwayo noma okungokomfanekiso kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulandisa kuhlale kungibangela isasasa elithile, mhlawumbe ngoba isidingo sokuvusa izithombe ezithile ngezinhlamvu siholela ekubonisweni okusheshayo okuningi.

Izithombe ezivela ezincwadini, ubuciko basemadolobheni obuphefumulelwe yizincwadi kanye nezinkondlo ezibukwayo, ifomu lokuhlola lapho ubuciko beplastiki bunqoba khona izinhlamvu (noma okuphambene nalokho), ukuthola imiphumela njengobunye njengoba bungenamkhawulo. Ufuna ukwazi ziyini izinkondlo ezibukwayo bese uthola izibonelo ezithile?

Imigqa yezinkondlo

Incwajana elula ingaba izinkondlo ezibukwayo ezinhle

Ikusasa Kwakuwumkhuba wobuciko owavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi owawuzokwandulela i-cubism, isitayela esasifezekiswa ngabadwebi abanjengoPicasso noma uBracque inhloso yabo kwakuwukuvuselela umlando womhlaba ngokusetshenziswa okuphakeme kwemibala noma Isimanjemanje njengento esemqoka ye-avant-garde efuna izindlela ezintsha zokuveza.

Okwamanje okungokomfanekiso futhi kwathonya izindlela zokukhulelwa kwezinkondlo, okuholela kulokho okwaziwa ngokuthi izinkondlo ezibukwayo, ifomu lokuhlola elinezinkomba ezicacile eGrisi Yasendulo lapho ama-calligrams alo ayezothathelwa indawo khona maduze nje ngamafomu okulandisa alandelanayo.

Ezinkondlweni ezibukwayo ubuciko beplastiki, izithombe noma amafomu wokufanekisa achaza inkondlo kanti okuphambene nalokho, iba yi-hybrid enelukuluku futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ibonakale kakhulu. Izibonelo zingahle ziqale kusuka ku- Collage kunwetshwe kusuka emavesini okubhalwa kuye esithombeni esichaza ngokwaso inhloso yenkondlo.

ESpain i izinkomba zokuqala ezinkondlweni ezibukwayo senzeka ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, ngezibonelo ezifana ne- Ukuthula Okuthulile Emcabangweni Ongacacile nguGerónimo González Velázquez. Le nkondlo, eyethulwe njengenganekwane yama-hieroglyph eyayihambisana nayo, ayigcinanga nje ngokwenza ukufundwa kubonakale ngokwengeziwe, kepha ukusakazwa kwayo ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zenhlalo kwayenza yaba ukulandisa okuzenzekelayo okuthe xaxa nangokushesha.

Yize izibonelo zabalwa kuyo yonke iminyaka eyalandela, ekugcineni ngekhulu lama-XNUMX ama-avant-gardes we-Futurism noma amaCubism angaholela ezibonelweni zezinkondlo ezibukwayo efana neyasemadolobheni kaJoan Brossa noma iqembu lomculo iGrupo Zaj, elenziwe ngabaqambi, abaculi bezingoma nabaculi ababukwayo okwathi ngawo-60 bahamba nomculo wamakhonsathi abo besebenzisa izinto noma okwenziwa ngamathiyetha amancane.

Ngemuva kokufika kwekhulu lama-XNUMX nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, izinkondlo ezibukwayo ibuye yaziwe nangokuthi i-cyberpoetry noma ngisho nezinkondlo ezisebenza ngogesi, uma unikezwa amathuba amaningi ezinikezayo kumanethiwekhi omphakathi futhi, ikakhulukazi, phakathi kwabadwebi bezithombe noma abaklami bezithombe. Ngakho-ke, ubuciko bokuphazima kweso obudlangile namuhla buthole omunye wabazekeli bazo abaphambili kule nkondlo "epulasitiki", enikeza amathuba amaningi.

Izinkondlo ezibukwayo ziyisilingo, ziyadlala, ziyakha. Ubudlelwano obuyingqayizivele phakathi kokubukwayo nezinhlamvu lapho zombili lezi zinkulumo ziyagqagqana zize zithole umphumela kwesinye isikhathi othusayo, ezinye zisondelene kakhulu kanti ezimbalwa zize zibe ngusomathuba. Vele, uma kukhulunywa ngobuciko, akekho noyedwa owake waba nezwi lokugcina.

Imvelaphi yezinkondlo ezibukwayo

Yize kungaphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili (ikakhulukazi ngeminyaka yama-70s) lapho izinkondlo ezibukwayo zibonakala ziqala ukuchuma, iqiniso ukuthi lokhu akuyona imvelaphi yayo. Yasetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili. Eqinisweni, sikhuluma ngezikhathi zasendulo kakhulu, njenge-300 BC. Kungenzeka kanjani lokho? Ukuze senze lokhu, kufanele sithuthele kufayela le- IGrisi yakudala.

Ngaleso sikhathi, hhayi kuphela izingcweti ezinqobile. Kwakukhona ababhali bezinhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi. Futhi izinkondlo ezibukwayo zazingenye yazo.

Ukwenza isibonelo, ungabona i-calligram «Iqanda». Ikona USimmias waseRhodes futhi kuyinkondlo elandela izici zenkondlo ebonakalayo. Kepha empeleni akuyona kuphela esingayisho. Enye, hhayi evela eGrisi kepha evela eFrance, yiyo URabelais (kusuka ku-1494 kuya ku-1553) ngenkondlo yakhe ethi "Sombrero".

Zazenzani lezi zimbongi ezimbili? Babefuna ukwakha inkondlo ngomfanekiso wegama oyichazayo. Isibonelo, endabeni yeqanda, yonke inkondlo yayingaphakathi kwaleyo silhouette. Okufanayo nesigqoko, noma nganoma yisiphi esinye isithombe.

Ngakho-ke, amagama, amavesi, izingoma… konke kudlalwe ukudala ukwakheka okuhle nokuthi akukho okushiywe ngaphandle kusethi yokugcina. Kepha bekufanele futhi kube nengqondo, futhi bekufanele kube yinkondlo eyakhiwe kahle.

Iziphikiso zezinkondlo ezibukwayo

Njengoba sibonile ngaphambili, izinkondlo ezibukwayo zivela kuma-calligrams. Lokhu ngempela kuyisendlalelo nokuthi kuguquke kanjani kwaba yilokho manje okwazi kanjalo. Kepha ababhali nabo, ngendlela yabo, iziphikisi zale nkondlo ebonakalayo.

Isibonelo, ababhali ababili bekhulu le-XNUMX bavelele, UGuillaume Apollinaire, noStéphane Mallarmé. Bobabili babhekwa njengababhali besimanjemanje bommeleli wenkondlo ebonakalayo, okungukuthi, yama-calligrams. Eqinisweni, kunemisebenzi yakhe okungenzeka ukuthi uyibonile kaningi futhi wacabanga ukuthi "ingeyesimanje" kanti empeleni ineminyaka embalwa nje. Ziyi- "The Eiffel Tower" noma "The Lady in the Hat."

Izinkondlo ezibukwayo eSpain

Endabeni yeSpain, izinkondlo ezibukwayo zazineminyaka engu-60, isikhathi lapho kuvela khona ababhali abaningi abasasebenza nanamuhla, yize iningi labo selishonile. Cishe bonke baqala kulolu hlobo lwemibhalo njengendlela yokuvikela ezombusazwe kanye nokugxekwa kwezenhlalo. Abebekufuna wukudonsela ukunakekelwa ku-oda ebeselisunguliwe nokuthi belingasalungile.

Amagama afana Ikamu, iBrossa, uFernando Millán, u-Antonio Gómez, uPablo del Barco, njll. ezinye zezibonelo zezimbongi ezibukwayo ezazifuna ukuguqula umhlaba ngendalo engaphezulu engagcini nje ngokungena ezindlebeni, kodwa nangamehlo.

Eziningi zazo zisasebenza, kanti ezinye ziqala ngalo mkhuba wokubhala. Iyaziwa imisebenzi ka-Eduardo Scala, uYolanda Pérez Herraras noma uJ. Kukhona ngempela uhlu olude futhi ukuxhumana nomphakathi uqobo sekwenze izinkondlo ezibukwayo zanda ngoba kunezithombe eziningi nezingoma ezenza okwaqala eminyakeni eyedlule ngama-calligrams aguquke.

Izinhlobo zezinkondlo ezibukwayo

Noma yini ingasetshenziswa ukudala izinkondlo ezinhle ezibukwayo

Izinkondlo ezibukwayo azihlukile ngempela. Inezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukanisa ngokuya ngezinto ezibukwayo ezisetshenzisiwe. Ngale ndlela, ungathola okulandelayo:

Izinkondlo ezibonakalayo i-typographic kuphela

Kulokhu, kubonakala ngokusebenzisa kuphela izinhlamvu ukwakha okudaliwe kwangempela, okuheha ukunaka kwabafundi, kungaba ngokusabalalisa izinhlamvu ngandlela thize, noma ngokunikeza umbala kulabo abafuna ukukhushulwa, njll.

Lowo ohlanganisa izinhlamvu nemidwebo

Kulokhu, akubalulekile amagama enkondlo kuphela, kepha nezithombe uqobo, okuthi, ezimweni eziningi, zihlobene namagama. Isibonelo, kunesithombe sephini yokuphepha negama elihlukaniswe ngendlela yokuthi iphini linezinhlamvu "ezilahlekile" bese kuthi "Im" ihlale lapho kufakwa khona into.

Leyo edweba ngezinhlamvu (iyinkondlo ebonakalayo emsulwa, ngoba isuselwa kuma-calligrams)

Yilawo ama-calligrams aholele izinkondlo ezibukwayo. Empeleni, ababaningi kangako labo abanesibindi sokukwenza ngenxa yobunzima obubandakanya bona, kodwa kusalokhu kuyanda, ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa lokho kwezimbongi nababhali bakudala.

Hlanganisa izinhlamvu nopende

Singasho ukuthi luhlobo lwe- inkondlo ebonakalayo phakathi kwesithombe namagama, kepha esikhundleni sokusebenzisa isithombe, kungumdwebo oqala ukusebenza, owenzelwe ngqo isethi yokubuka, noma usebenzisa okunye futhi ukunikeze lokho kuthinta izinkondlo.

Hlanganisa izinhlamvu nezithombe

Kuhlukile emfanekisweni noma ekupendweni kokuthi kusetshenziswe izithombe zangempela zezinto, hhayi imidwebo noma ukudalwa kwezithombe zalezo zinto. Ngenxa yalokhu, zingokoqobo futhi zinomthelela kakhulu lapho zinikeza umfundi noma noma ngubani okubonayo ukuthi akusebenzise okunye kuleyo nto abangaba nayo ekhaya.

Yenza ikholaji

Ikholaji iqoqo lezithombe ezibekwe ngendlela ethile ukwakha ukwakheka. Ngokuhambisana namagama, kungaphendulwa kube uhlobo lwezinkondlo ezibukwayo (yize kulokhu kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhangisa noma izinjongo zentengiso).

Izinkondlo ezibukwayo kuvidiyo

Kuyinto entsha yamanje kodwa eyodwa echumayo, ikakhulukazi ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi. Kususelwa kopopayi ukunikeza ukuvumelana okwengeziwe kwimiklamo.

Ukuvela kwezinkondlo ezibukwayo: i-cyberpoetry

Kuyafana ne- izinkondlo ezibukwayo zavela kuma-calligrams, lokhu sekubuye kwavula indlela entsha yokubheka izinkondlo. Sikhuluma nge i-cyberpoetry, eyodwa ebonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwemidiya yedijithali ekudaleni nasekuthuthukiseni. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ama-hypertexts, izithombe, ubukhulu obuthathu, njll. futhi nento engakabonakali, kepha esivele ikhona, ukusetshenziswa kweqiniso langempela.

Ngakho-ke, izinkondlo ezibukwayo zihlobene kakhulu nobuciko bokubukwa noma ukwakheka kwemidwebo kunezincwadi, ngoba umbhalo ngokwawo awubalulekile njengokubuka konke.

Ucabangani ngezinkondlo ezibukwayo?


Amazwana ayi-4, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   i-toni prat kusho

    Izinkondlo ezibukwayo kimi aziyona nje inkondlo ... futhi izinkondlo kimi, yizo ezinamandla okuhambisa abantu bazi futhi baquleke, okuvusa imizwa nezinkolelo nezimanga ngobuciko bayo obucacile nobuhle ...
    Konke lokhu kufingqiwe kwaba isingathekiso ...

  2.   UDino tomasilli kusho

    Izinkondlo ezibukwayo "udoti oqhubekayo", kuyinto efana nokuthi "Abesilisa abanesitho sangasese sowesifazane" noma "abesifazane abanomthondo" .Uma umphakathi uqhubeka nokuzivumela ukuthi ugonywe yilowo shevu, uzoqhubeka nokwehla kwawo, manje kuvela ukuthi akukhona nje kuphela ukwehliswa kwenkondlo ngokwakha "ivesi lamahhala" nokwenza sengathi yonke into ehlanjululwa ephepheni yinkondlo, enomuzwa nangendlela yevesi, kepha manje bafuna ukususa isimilo sokubhala, njengoba kanye nokuzazi ngokocansi kwezingane zethu, isakhiwo senhlalo esisuselwe emndenini, umlingiswa wobuciko kwezokudweba, ukubaza kanye nezinkondlo, okuthi uma kuchaphazelwa ubukhomanisi kuyeke ukuba yizinkondlo bese kuba ukungcola ... qhubeka kanjena, izimbongi ezinkulu yolimi lwaseSpain luyozibhuqa emangcwabeni abo njalo uma iqembu labasubathi bezimbongi abazibungazayo ligubha futhi livuze lowo doti obhalwe manje, ngoba akekho noyedwa olokotha athi INkosi inqunuooooo! Ukubingelela «izimbongi»

  3.   i-grunx kusho

    Okokuqala, ukwangana okukhulu kubafowethu ngezincwadi nangezithombe!
    (Omunye usidabule waba yicucu, kimi ngifunda kuphela ibhayibheli nangesiLatin abampofu ...)

    Kwabanye, uhlobo lwezinkondlo ezibukwayo engicabanga ukuthi lufundeka ngokukhethekile, ku:
    Ibhulogi. okuqukethwe kwewebhu. inetha

    Ngiyabonga!! (nobuso obuhle kuma-vibes amabi, njengaleyo ...)

  4.   UHumberto Lisandro gianelloni kusho

    Imbongi yakhiwe ngezinhlelo ezinomsuka wazo ukude futhi zenziwa kabusha ngokungaphezi ... yingakho imizamo yokufaka iziphakamiso ezintsha zomuzwa wakhe ojulile futhi ojulile iyisidingo esingenakugwemeka.
    I-lec
    Ukuzimisela kuzokhetha kokunikezwayo okufana nokudlidlizela okwedlula impilo yakhe.