Izinhlobo zezindaba

Izinhlobo zezindaba

Ukucabanga ngezindaba cishe kuhlala kuhlobene nezithameli zezingane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akudingeki kube njalo njengoba kuningi izinhlobo zezindaba. Ezinye zazo zigxile kuzethameli zabantu abadala, kanti ezinye, ezinezingqikithi eziningi zobuntwana, kungaba zezabantwana.

Kepha yiziphi izinhlobo zezindaba ezikhona? Ikhuluma ngani ngayinye yazo? Uma ilukuluku lakho likuketile, sizokhuluma ngakho.

Yini indaba

Yini indaba

Indaba ichazwa njengendaba emfushane, engahle isekelwe noma ingahle isekelwe ezenzakalweni zangempela, futhi abalingiswa bayo bancishiswe. Ukuphikisana kwalezi zindaba kulula kakhulu futhi kungatshelwa ngomlomo noma ngomzila obhaliwe. Kuwo, izinganekwane eziqanjiwe zixubene nezehlakalo zangempela, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuxoxa indaba kodwa futhi nokusiza izingane zifunde izindinganiso, isimilo, njll.

La ukwakheka kwendaba kusekelwe ezingxenyeni ezintathu ichazwe kahle kuzo zonke:

  • Isingeniso, lapho abalingiswa bethulwa khona futhi bethulwa enkingeni abanayo.
  • Ifindo, lapho abalingiswa begxile khona enkingeni ngoba kukhona okwenzekile okuvimba konke ukuthi kungabe kuhle njengasesingenisweni.
  • Umphumela, owenzeka lapho kutholakala isixazululo kuleyo nkinga ukuze uphinde ube nesiphetho esijabulisayo, esingafana nesiqalo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezindaba ezikhona?

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezindaba ezikhona?

Ngeke sikutshele ukuthi kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okukodwa kwezinhlobo zezindaba ezikhona, ngoba kukhona ababhali abazihlukanisa ngamanani amakhulu kunezinye. Isibonelo, ngokwenkulumo ethi "From the popular tale to a literary story" kaJosé María Merino, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezindaba:

  • Inganekwane edumile. Kuyindaba yendabuko lapho kuvezwa khona indaba yabalingiswa abathile. Lokhu-ke kuhlukaniswe ngezinganekwane, izilwane, izinganekwane nezinganekwane zamasiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumeka kubo bonke kuzoba izinganekwane nezinsumansumane, yize kungeke kufakwe ekuhlukanisweni kwenganekwane ethandwayo.
  • Indaba yezincwadi: yilowo msebenzi odluliswa ngokubhala. Esinye sezindala esidala yi-El conde Lucanor, eyakhiwe izindaba ezingama-51 ezivela emikhakheni eyahlukene, ebhalwe nguDon Juan Manuel. Kungaphakathi kwalesi sigaba esikhulu lapho singathola ukwahlukana okukhulu, ngoba izindaba ezingokoqobo, imfihlakalo, umlando, ezothando, amaphoyisa, izinganekwane ...

Abanye ababhali abasiboni lesi sigaba futhi cabanga ukuthi iziqeshana empeleni ziyizinhlobo zezindaba akhona. Ngakho-ke, okuvelele kakhulu kungaba:

Inganekwane

Kungachazwa ngaphakathi kwezinganekwane ezithandwayo, enye yezincwadi ezifundwa kakhulu futhi ezibonakala ngokuba yindaba engeyona engokoqobo, eyenzeka ngesikhathi nasendaweni engaziwa futhi enokuhlolwa okufanele kunqotshwe ukuze kufinyelele esiphethweni esijabulisayo.

Izinganekwane zezilwane

Kubo abalingiswa abaphambili ababona abantu, kepha izilwane ezinobuntu. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane zingahanjiswa ngabantu, kepha lezi zizokwenza ngemuva.

Izinganekwane zamasiko

Kuyizindaba ezifuna ukugxeka umphakathi noma isikhathi lapho kukhulunywa khona indaba, kwesinye isikhathi ngokubhuqa noma ngamahlaya.

Fancy

Bazofakwa ezindabeni zemibhalo, kepha abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi nazo zingaba izindaba ezithandwayo. Kulokhu, indaba isuselwa entweni esungulwe lapho imilingo, ubuthakathi nabalingiswa benamandla avela khona.

Kuyiqiniso

Yilabo abasho izigcawu usuku nosuku, ngazo izingane zingaziveza futhi, ngale ndlela, zifunde.

Of mistery

Babonakala ngokufuna ukuthi umfundi unamathele endabeni ngendlela yokuthi aphile acishe afane nomlingiswa odabeni.

Okuthusayo

Ngokungafani neyangaphambilini, lapho kufunwa khona uzungu, nakhu ukwesaba okuzoveza uzungu. Kepha kuphinde kufunwe ukuthi umfundi ahlangabezane ngokufana ne-protagonist, lokho kuyasaba futhi kuphila ukwesaba okulandiswa endabeni.

Okwehlaya

Inhloso yakho ukwethula i- Indaba ehlekisayo eyenza umfundi ahleke, kungaba ngamahlaya, izimo ezihlekisayo, abalingiswa abangahlelekile, njll.

Komlando

Akuchazwa kangako iqiniso elingokomlando, kepha kunalokho basebenzisa lelo qiniso ukuthola abalingiswa nesikhathi nendawo, kepha akudingeki bathembeke eqinisweni.

Isibonelo, kungaba yindaba kaLeonardo Da Vinci ngelinye ilanga lapho ethathe ikhefu emdwebeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umlingiswa ubekhona futhi indaba itholakala kuleso sikhathi-sesikhala, kepha akudingeki ukuthi kube yinto eyenzeka ngempela.

Ezothando

Isisekelo salezi zindaba yindaba lapho ingqikithi yayo inguthando phakathi kwabalingiswa ababili.

Amaphoyisa

Kuzo icebo kusekelwe ebugebengwini, ubugebengu noma ukucacisa inkinga ngokusebenzisa abalingiswa abangamaphoyisa noma abaseshi.

Ezinganekwane zeSayensi

Yilezo ezitholakala ngokuzayo noma okwamanje kepha ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe esezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu (engakabikho empilweni yangempela).

Yini eyenza indaba iwele esigabeni esisodwa noma kwesinye

Yini eyenza indaba iwele esigabeni esisodwa noma kwesinye

Ake uzitshele ukuthi uzotshela indodana noma indodakazi yakho indaba, umshana noma umshana wakho… Esikhundleni sokuthatha incwadi bese uyifundela, uqala ukuxoxa indaba ngokuyakha. Noma ulandisa eyodwa osuvele uyazi. Ngokuya ngesigaba esingenhla, lokhu kungaba yinganekwane uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlukaniswa okwehlukile kwalezo zinganekwane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma okwenzayo kufundwa incwadi yezindaba, kungangena emkhakheni wokubhala, ngoba kuzodluliselwa ngokubhala.

Ngempela Lapho uhlukanisa indaba, ingenziwa ngezindlela eziningi:

  • Noma ngabe kuyalandiswa noma kuyafundwa (kubhaliwe).
  • Noma ngabe kumnandi, izinganekwane, inganekwane, amaphoyisa, izithandani ...

Ngisho ezinye izindaba zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngoba ngesikhathi sokuyihlela, kungenziwa ngokuya ngabalingiswa noma ngokwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi abalingiswa bayizilwane ezinezici zomuntu (bayakhuluma, banengqondo, njll.). Sizobe sibhekene nenganekwane yezilwane. Kepha kuthiwani uma labo balingisi bebengabaseshi abaphenya ngokubanjwa inkunzi ehlathini? Sesivele singena enganekwaneni yezingane zamaphoyisa.

Unganiki ukubaluleka okukhulu ekufuneni ukuhlukanisa incwadi. Abashicileli kuphela ababahlukanisa futhi bakwenze lokho ukugcina "ukuhleleka" kukhathalogi yabo yezincwadi, kanye nokwazi ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi okufanele bazishicilele nokuthi yiziphi okungafanele bazenze. Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngokucabanga ngabafundi, bazofunda izindaba ngokususelwa kokuthandayo, bakwazi ukuxuba izinhlobo futhi, ngalokho, babe ngabokuqala ngokwengeziwe ukubamangaza.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.