Agatha Christie: izincwadi

U-Agatha Christie: Izincwadi Ezifakiwe.

Uma useshele iwebhu ukuthola "izincwadi zika-Agatha Christie," udinga umsebenzi omuhle wokubhala wabaseshi. Umbhali uthathwa ngongoti bezincwadi njengesithonjana yenoveli emnyama, lelo zwe elibanzi elimpunga. Isitayela sokulandisa sikaChristie sihlanganisa izinto ezijwayelekile zesitayela Sherlock Holmes, yize ethinta kakhulu futhi ehlekisa ngaye. Abalingisi bayo abaphambili babonisa ubuhlakani obedlulele, isibindi, ubudlova, ukuzimela kanye ne-idiosyncrasy, izimfanelo ezingokwemvelo — ngokwesibonelo— kwesinye sezihloko zaso ezidume kakhulu: iHercule Poirot.

UChristie (Septhemba 15, 1890 - Januwari 12, 1976) Wazalelwa eTorquay, eDevon, eGreat Britain. SIgama lakhe eligcwele ngu-Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller. Wayenguthunjana ezinganeni zakwabo ezintathu ezivela emshadweni phakathi kukaFrederick Alvah Miller noClara Boehmer.

Ubuntwana, ubusha namathonya

Ubuntwana bakhe wayichitha e-Ashfield, endlini ezungezwe utshani nezihlahla.. Le ndawo izogqugquzela izigcawu eziningi zobugebengu ezilandiswa kumanoveli akhe, nezakhamizi ezizolile - ngokusobala - kepha ezikwazi ukubulala ngokunemba nangegazi elibandayo (ukuze zithole ifa elinamanzi noma zisuse umyeni ocasulayo).

Ubusha bakhe kwakungobentombazane ejwayelekile yaseBrithani eyayisesigabeni sabacebile. Uthole imfundo yasekhaya kubazali bakhe nakwabafundisi abazimele. Wafunda ukucula, ukufekethisa, ukupheka nokusebenza ingadi. Ngaleso sikhathi wafunda izinganekwane eziningi, uDickens noConan Doyle. Ubuye wahamba kakhulu, ekubeni yi-Riviera ne-Egypt izindawo ezimbili ezimkhombe ngokujulile.

Uyise wayengunxiwankulu waseNew York kanti umama wakhe wayengowesifazane waseNgilandi osezingeni eliphezulu futhi onamasiko owabamba iqhaza ekwakheni u-Agatha osemncane futhi wamkhuthaza ukuba abhale kusukela esemncane. Ngaleso sikhathi wakha abalingiswa ngokuya ngabaseshi bakudala besikhathi sakhe, kodwa kancane kancane wanezela izimfanelo zakhe. Ngokuphathelene nomsebenzi wakhe, kunenombolo enkulu yezifiso zokubhala.

I-athikili ehlobene:

U-Agatha Christie: izifiso zokubhala ze-Great Lady of Crime.

U-Agatha Christie ucaphuna.

Ngo-1912 wahlangana futhi wathembisana noMnu u-Archibald Christie, owashada naye eminyakeni emibili kamuva.. Umyeni wakhe wayengumshayeli wendiza, ejoyina iFrench Army ngesikhathi seMpi Enkulu, kanti u-Agatha wazinikela eTorquay Red Cross Hospital. Lokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwamsiza ukuba ahlaziye ukusebenza kwengqondo kwabantu, okuchazwe ngobuciko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kumanoveli akhe.

Izincwadi zokuqala

U-Agatha Christie wabelwa ezikhungweni zezokwelapha zasesibhedlela lapho impi iphela, lapho wahlangana khona okokuqala nobuthi ayobusebenzisa ezindabeni zakhe kamuva. Ngokunjalo, waba ngumfundi ojwayelekile wemidlalo yamaphoyisa kaDoyle noChesterton. Lapho impi isiphela, waqala ukubhala inoveli yakhe yokuqala, Icala Lezitayela Engaqondakali, ebhekene nomseshi wakhe amthandayo uPoirot.

Le noveli yanyatheliswa ngo-1920 yiBodley Head Publishing House, waseLondon, sibonga uJohn Lane, ngemuva kokwaliwa ngabamemezeli abafika kwabayisithupha abahlukene. Leyo nkontileka yokuqala yayingeyona inzuzo kakhulu kumbhali, kepha wayejabule kakhulu ukuthi okungenani ishicilelwe. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokulandela amanye amanoveli amane okuvunyelwene ngawo, wanquma ukubheka izimo ezingcono.

Ngemuva kwempi, uChristie wadabula iNingizimu Afrika, i-Australia, iNew Zealand, iCanada kanye ne-United States, ngale ndlela, wathola ulwazi olwathuthukisa umsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kuka-1921 no-1925 washicilela izindaba ezimfishane eziningi komagazini (eminyakeni edlule baqoqwa baba yimiqulu) okwamvumela ukuthi angenise imali njalo.

Ngokunjalo ngaleyo minyaka wabhala izincwadi ezazizophumelela emashumini ambalwa eminyaka kamuva, phakathi kwalabo esingababiza ngamagama Ukubulala Kwezokuxhumana (1923), Indoda egqoke isudi ensundu (1924) futhi Imfihlo Yoshimula (1925). Yize kungaba njalo Isitha Semfihlo (1922) edume kakhulu ngesakhiwo sayo esiyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezinhloli. Ngaleso sikhathi wakhulelwa indodakazi yakhe uRosaleen.

Umbhali u-Agatha Christie.

Ukuphumelela kwezincwadi kanye nesehlukaniso

Ukubulawa kukaRogelio Ackroyd Kwakuyisihloko senoveli yabaseshi eyathi ngo-1926 yanikeza u-Agatha udumo lokugcina, okwathi ngawo lowo nyaka wanquma ukusebenzisa isibongo somyeni wakhe njengegama lezincwadi. Ungomunye wemisebenzi yakhe evelele; ihlala ifaka izinto ezimangazayo nemikhombandlela yamanga, kuqala ngombalisi, uDkt.Sheppard, okuvela ukuthi ungumbulali.

Eminyakeni elandelayo kwakunzima kakhulu kumbhali, ngoba kwakudingeka abhekane nokufa kukanina nokucindezeleka okwalandela. Kungekudala ngemuva kwalokho uhlukanisile, ngo-1928, ngoba umyeni wakhe wamshiya waya komunye wesifazane. Ukwesekwa kwakhe kuphela ngalezo zikhathi ezinzima kwakubhala nendodakazi yakhe uRosaleen, ahlala naye isikhathi esingangonyaka nesigamu eCanary Islands.

Ngaphandle kwezimo, u-Agatha Christie ukwazile ukushicilela eminye imisebenzi eminingi: Abane abakhulu (1927), Imfihlakalo Yesitimela Esiluhlaza (1928), Izimpawu Eziyisikhombisa Zemfihlakalo (1929), Ukubulala eVilla del Vicario (1930) futhi Ijamu Lezidlakela (1930 - ngaphansi kwegama likaMary Westmacott, esetshenziselwa izindaba zothando, ikakhulukazi).

Ukufika okusha kothando neMpi Yezwe II

Ngesikhathi sohambo oluya e-Iraq ngo-1930 u-Agatha wahlangana noMax Mallowan, umvubukuli owaziwayo owashada kamuva. Wayemncane kunaye ngeminyaka eyishumi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu umbhali ekuqaleni wayenqikaza ukwenza isivumelwano somshado wesibili, kepha wavuma. Kusukela lapho kuya phambili, wayezohamba nomyeni wakhe baye ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene eGrisi, eSyria nase-Iraq, ngenkathi yena embamba futhi esiza ngezinto ezithwebula izithombe.

Kepha umshado ojabulisayo wawuzophazanyiswa iningi leMpi Yezwe II., njengoba uProf. Mallowan esebenza njengomeluleki wezindaba zama-Arab eMbuthweni waseBrithani eNyakatho Afrika, ngenxa yolwazi lwakhe ngolimi namasiko aseMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Ngesikhathi sokulwa, umbhali wafaka isicelo sokuzithandela esibhedlela i-University College Hospital eLondon. Kuleso sikhungo sezempilo wabhala ngokukhulu ukuzimisela, kwakunemisebenzi eminingi eyenziwayo abanye abayithandayo Umbulali Olele (1976) bebegcinelwe incwadi yakhe yezokwazisa ukuze ishicilelwe ngemuva kokufa kwakhe. Ezinye iziqu ezivelele ezivela kulelo shumi leminyaka zazikhona Umzimba kulabhulali (1942), Ukufa Kufika Ekugcineni (1944) futhi Ukungabikho entwasahlobo (1944 - njengeWestmacott).

Agatha Christie: Izincwadi nokuhamba

De Lokho kudluliselwa okuqhubekayo kumgqugquzele ukuthi athuthukise izindawo zakhe eziningi ukuthola izincwadi zakhe zesikhathi esizayo.. Ngakho-ke, bavela — phakathi kwezinye iziqu eziningi— Ukubulala ku-Orient Express (1934), Ukubulala eMesopotamiya (1936), Ukufa eNayile (1937) futhi Usuku Lokufa: Imfihlakalo yePoirot (1938).

Kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe u-Agatha Christie uqhubeke nokubhala njalo izincwadi ezingenakubalwa nezindaba ezimfishane, iningi labo belidlala noHercule Poirot, amnikeze isiphetho sakhe esihloniphekile Ikhethini (ishicilelwe ngo-1975, kodwa yabhalwa ngawo-40).

"Ukubulala Kulula", enye yezincwadi zika-Agatha Christie.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali wakhiqiza futhi waqondisa imidlalo yeshashalazi ehlonishwa kakhulu njenge Umgibe wamagundane (1952). Sekukonke, izincwadi zika-Agatha Christie zithengise amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-300, zidlule kumahlelo amaningi, futhi zahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingaphezu kwezingama-28.

Umsebenzi wakhe ube yi okuhamba phambili okubaluleke kakhulu kuhlobo lwenoveli yabaseshi, ngemidlalo eminingi eshashalazini, ifilimu nethelevishini. Bambalwa abantu emhlabeni wanamuhla abaye bathintana ngqo noma ngokungaqondile namagugu abo obuhlakani.