Isimo se-Afrika
Lapho ubuza kuwebhu mayelana "nezincwadi zikaJavier Reverte", imiphumela eyinhloko iqondiswa kabusha kufayela le- I-Africa Trilogy. Le saga ingenye yemisebenzi eyaziwa kakhulu yaseSpain; kuyo usikhombisa umbono wakhe waleli zwekazi eliyindida. UReverte wayengumhambi onothando futhi onelukuluku owayekwazi ukubamba ngosiba lwakhe olunembile amabhulogi akhe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngenkathi ehamba ezindaweni ezinesithunzi, wabhala izincazelo ezinembile zezwe nabantu abaziyo. Kula manothi, ubonakalise imizwa nemibono yakhe, kamuva ayenezela ngemininingwane yomlando. Ukulandisa kwakhe okunothile kwamvumela ukuthi athole amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabafundi abakwazisayo ukukwazi ukuhamba njalo lapho bevakashela izincwadi zakhe..
Izincwadi ezihamba phambili zikaJavier Reverte
Iphupho le-Afrika (1996)
Yincwadi yezokuvakasha lapho umbhali echaza ngohambo lwakhe olunqamula eMpumalanga Afrika futhi aqala khona isaga I-Africa Trilogy. Uhambo olwenziwe njengendilinga luqala eKampala (e-Uganda), luqhubekele eDar es Salaam (eTanzania) luphele eKenya. Umsebenzi ukhombisa umlando omningi walesi sifunda, ukwenziwa kwamakoloni ngabaseYurophu kanye nokuwa kwamakhosi ase-Afrika.
Ukucaphuna kukaJavier Reverte
UReverte ulandisa ngokuningiliziwe ngohambo lwakhe lwasendaweni yemilingo egcwele impilo, enezimpawu zombili ezidabukisayo nezijabulisayo. Futhi, umbhali udalula izibopho zobungane azakhile nabomdabu abahlukahlukene abelana nabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwemigqa ibhekisa kwabanye ababhali ababalulekile abavakashele futhi babhala ngaleli zwekazi, phakathi kwabo: IHemingway, iHaggard neRice Burroughs.
Ulysses Inhliziyo (1999)
Kulesi senzakalo, abaseSpain badabula empumalanga yeMedithera futhi ichaza ukuhambela kwakhe emazweni amathathu: iGrisi, iTurkey neGibhithe. I-Reverte ikuvumela ukuthi ubone imizwa ehlukahlukene ebangelwa ukuhlangana namasiko amaningi, isiko nemibhalo. Ngesikhathi sithuthukiswa, ezinye izindawo zalezi zizwe ezintathu zinemininingwane, futhi ukulandisa kugcwaliswa nezinganekwane ngezinganekwane zamaGrikhi neminye imicimbi efanelekile yomlando.
Ngenkathi ukuthuthukiswa kombhalo kuqhubeka abanye abantu - bangempela nabamanga - abameleli bezikhathi zasendulo bahlanganisiwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: uHomer, u-Ulysses, uHelen waseTroy no-Alexander the Great. Kuwo wonke uhambo, uReverte ugcizelela nezindawo ezibalulekile, njengogu lwaseTurkey, iPeloponnese, iRhodes, i-Ithaca, iPergamum, iKorinte, i-Athene, isiQhingi saseKastellorizon, ne-Alexandria.
Umfula wencithakalo. Uhambo oludabula i-Amazon (2004)
Kulesi senzakalo, isihambi sicwiliswa emfuleni wamandla amakhulu, sigcwele izinganekwane nezigemegeme: i-Amazon. Njengoba ingena emanzini ase-Amazonia, ukubuyela emuva kulandisa izingcezu zezindaba zomdabu. Uhambo luqala ngoJuni 2002 edolobheni lase-Arequipa, eningizimu yePeru. Umgomo wokugcina ukufika lapho kuzalwa khona umfudlana omkhulu kangaka: iNevado del Mismi.
Endleleni, ngaphezu kokwazi amanye amadolobha namadolobhana, iReverte ibuye ihlanganyele nabakhileyo osebeni lomfula wasenganekwaneni. Indlela ivumela ukugibela izikebhe zabagibeli, izikebhe ngisho nendiza izikhawu ezimbalwa. Yize egula umalaleveva, umbhali ukwazile ukululama futhi aqedele uhambo lwakhe e-Atlantic yaseBrazil.
Isikhathi samaqhawe (2013)
Kuyinoveli ekhuluma ngempilo kaJenene Juan Modesto, owayekhonza njengo umholi wamabutho amakhomanisi empini yombango yaseSpain. Indaba iqala ngoMashi 1939, ngezinsuku zokugcina zempi. AmaRephabliki alungiselela ukushiya amandla kanti amaFrancoist aqhubekela phambili ngokunqoba kwakamuva. Ngaleso sikhathi, uModesto - kanye namanye amasosha - bahlela ukuphuma kukahulumeni.
Isakhiwo sichaza izici zempilo yomuntu jikelele, njengezinkumbulo zobuntwana bakhe nezicucu ezincane zempilo yakhe yothando. Khonamanjalo kulandiswa izimpi azilwa nokuthi amasosha alunqoba kanjani uvalo lwawo. Ukwethembeka nobungani, kwagcwalisa amasosha ngama-gallantry ukunqoba izikhathi ezinzima kakhulu.
Sobre el autor
UJavier Reverte
UJavier Martínez Reverte Wazalwa ngoLwesihlanu, ngoJulayi 14, 1944 eMadrid. Abazali bakhe kwakungu: UJosefina Reverte Ferro nentatheli uJesús Martínez Tessier. Kusukela esemncane wayekhangwa ngumsebenzi kababa wakhe, into eyayingabonakala othandweni lwakhe lokubhala. Hhayi ngeze uthathe isinqumo sokuqhuba izifundo zaseyunivesithi ePhilosophy and Journalism.
Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, Usebenze iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu eyintatheli emithonjeni eyahlukene yaseSpain. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe emsebenzini kufaka phakathi iminyaka yakhe eyi-8 (1971-1978) njengombhali wezindaba emadolobheni afana neLondon, iParis neLisbon. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wasebenza neminye imisebenzi ehambisana nomsebenzi wakhe, njenge: intatheli, umlandeli wezepolitiki, umbhali wokuhlela, kanye nomhleli oyinhloko.
Literatura
Izinyathelo zakhe zokuqala njengombhali zazisebenzisa imibhalo yezinhlelo zomsakazo nezethelevishini. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-70 wagxila ezintweni ezimbili azithandayo: izincwadi nokuhamba.. Ngo-1973 wangena ngokusemthethweni enkundleni enezincwadi Ukuzijabulisa kwe-Ulysses, asebenze lapho athola khona okunye kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe njenge-globetrotter.
Ngama-80 'wangena kwezinye izinhlobo: ukulandisa kanye nezinkondlo. Kwaqala ngokushicilelwa kwamanoveli: Usuku olulandelayo oluya ekugcineni (1981) futhi Ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (1982), futhi kamuva ukuqoqwa kwezinkondlo Idolobha elikhulu (1982). Uqhubeke nezincwadi zokuhamba kwathi ngo-1986 wethula isaga sakhe sokuqala: I-Central America Trilogy. Lokhu kwenziwa ngamanoveli amathathu lapho echaza khona iminyaka enzima yesifunda ngaleso sikhathi.
UReverte wakhe iphothifoliyo ebanzi futhi engenakubekwa obala, enemibhalo engama-24 isiyonke evela ekuhambeni kwakhe emhlabeni jikelele, amanoveli ayi-13, izinkondlo ezi-4 nendaba emfushane. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe evelele kakhulu kukhona: Iphupho le-Afrika (1996, i-Africa Trilogy), Ulysses Inhliziyo (1999), Imikhondo ye-Stowaway (2005), Umfula wokukhanya. Uhambo oludabula i-Alaska neCanada (2009) nomsebenzi wakhe ngemuva kokufa: Umuntu ukuchelela (2021).
Imiklomelo
Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wokubhala waklonyeliswa amahlandla amathathu. Owokuqala, ku 1992 ngomklomelo wenoveli yeMadrid Book Fair ye Indoda yempi. Ngemuva kwalokho ku 2001 ithole iNovel City yaseTorrevieja ye- Ubusuku bema (2000). Ukuqashelwa kwakhe kokugcina kwangena 2010, noFernando Lara de Novela we Umakhelwane weZero.
Ukufa
UJavier Reverte washona kwelakubo, ngo-Okthoba 31, 2020. Lokhu, umkhiqizo wokuhlushwa umdlavuza wesibindi.
Isebenza nguJavier Reverte
Izincwadi zokuhamba
- Ukuzijabulisa kwe-Ulysses (1973)
- I-Central America Trilogy:
- Onkulunkulu emvuleni. ENicaragua (1986)
- Iphunga leCopal. IGuatemala (1989)
- Indoda yempi. IHonduras (1992)
- Wamukelekile esihogweni. Izinsuku zeSarajevo (1994)
- I-Africa Trilogy
- Iphupho le-Afrika (1996)
- IVagabond e-afrika (1998)
- Imigwaqo elahlekile yase-Afrika (2002)
- Inhliziyo yama-Ulysses. IGrisi, iTurkey neGibhithe (1999)
- Ithikithi lendlela eyodwa (2000)
- Iso lomzwelo (2003)
- Umfula wencithakalo. Uhambo oludabula i-Amazon (2004)
- I-adventure yokuhamba (2006)
- Ingoma kaMbama (2007)
- Umfula wokukhanya. Uhambo oludabula i-Alaska neCanada (2009)
- Ezilwandle zasendle. Uhambo oluya e-Arctic (2011)
- Amagquma avuthayo, amachibi omlilo (2012)
- Namathafa emhlabeni (2013)
- Cula i-Ireland (2014)
- Ekwindla yamaRoma (2014)
- Ihlobo lamaShayina (2015)
- New York, New York (2016)
- Kuyalinganiswa (2018)
- Indawo yase-Italy (2020)
Novelas
- Usuku olulandelayo oluya ekugcineni (1981)
- Ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (1982)
- Amasimu we-Strawberry unomphela (1986)
- Intokazi yakwalasha (1988)
- Wonke amaphupho emhlabeni (1999)
- Ubusuku bema (2000)
- Udokotela ka-Ifni (2005)
- Umbuso wakho mawuze (2008)
- Nkosi Paco (1985)
- Umakhelwane Zero (2010)
- Isikhathi Samaqhawe (2013)
- Amafulegi ku-Mist (2017)
- Umuntu Ngaphezulu (2021)
Izinkondlo
- Idolobha elikhulu (1982)
- Intaba-mlilo elimele (1985)
- Imikhondo ye-Stowaway (2005)
- Izinkondlo zase-Afrika (2011)