Izincwadi zabaseshi ezihamba phambili

Isilinganiso sika-Arthur Conan Doyle.

Isilinganiso sika-Arthur Conan Doyle.

Lapho umsebenzisi we-Intanethi othanda ukufunda efuna "izincwadi zabaseshi ezihamba phambili", umphumela ubuyisa u-100% wamanoveli wabaseshi. Isizathu sisobala impela: akunangqondo ukukhulelwa indaba yomphenyi ngaphandle komseshi noma ngaphandle komuntu osebenza kanjalo. Yebo, ngubani ozophatha ukuxazulula ubugebengu?

Manje, imibhalo yabaseshi ayilandiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi kusuka ngokombono womzingeli. Ngalo mqondo sinalokho okuthiwa "ngamaphoyisa ahlehla" -UMnuz Ripley onekhono (1955), ungomunye owaziwa kakhulu - bachaza umbono wesigebengu. Empeleni, Lolu hlobo lukhulu futhi lujule kakhulu, kangangokuba amanoveli obugebengu asedlulele phambili ngokugxila engqondweni yengqondo yezigebenga kanye / noma emaphoyiseni anezimiso zokuziphatha ezingabazekayo.

Abaseshi abadume kakhulu bezincwadi zomhlaba

U-Auguste Dupin

"Okokuqala kwakunguMgqibelo kuneSonto," kusho isaga esidala. Ngaleso sizathu Akunakwenzeka ukuhlaziya uhlobo lwabaseshi ngaphandle kokuqala ngoDupin, umphenyi wokuqala oqanjiwe ezincwadini. Futhi yebo, wayengumlingiswa wokuqala odumile ezincwadini zobugebengu, futhi ukubhala kwakhe kufana nomlobi omkhulu waseMelika u-Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849).

Eqinisweni, ezindabeni uDupin wabonwa njenge knight, ngakho-ke, kwakungeka- Legion d'honneur IsiFulentshi. Imicimbi ezungeze lo protagonist —Umdlandla wokuxazulula izimfumbe nezimfihlakalo— zilandiswa ngumngani ongaziwa ahlangana naye emtatsheni wezincwadi waseParis. Imicimbi yencwadi yakhe yokuqala yenzeka kulelo dolobha elikhulu.

Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni (1941)

Inkondlo ka-Edgar Allan.

Inkondlo ka-Edgar Allan.

Leli tulo ligxile ekubulaweni kwabesifazane okuyimfihlakalo, uMadame noMadeimoselle L'Espanaye (umama nendodakazi), okwenziwe ngumuntu obalekile. Ngakho u-knight Auguste UDupin ungena endaweni yesehlakalo ukuvimbela ukugwetshwa kwendoda engenacala esolwa ngaleli cala.

Ukufika kumsuka wemicimbi, uDupin uyakwazi ukuhlanganisa ngokumangalisayo umqondo wakhe ongathandeki nokuthinta umcabango wobuciko. Yini enye, emibuzweni yakhe ufakazela ukuthi ungumpetha ekufundeni ulimi lomzimba lwalabo ababuzwayo. Ngale ndlela, angalindela imizwa engaba khona yokwenyanya, yokuphelelwa isineke, yokumangala noma yokungabaza futhi axazulule wonke amaphazili.

Imfihlakalo kaMarie Rogêt (1842) futhi Incwadi eyebiwe (1844)

Isitolimende sesibili nesesithathu okulingisa kuso uC.Auguste Dupin sikhombisa ubungcweti bombhali walezi zimo. Uma ku Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni isenzo senzeka ngokuvakasha eParis, ezincwadini ezilandelayo ukusethwa kusendaweni evulekile nangaphakathi kwempahla yangasese, ngokulandelana.

Ngokufanayo, Imfihlakalo kaMarie Rogêt Kwakugqugquzelwa icala langempela (lelo likaMary Rogers, isidumbu sakhe esatholakala sintanta eMfuleni i-Hudson, eNew York ngo-1941). Ngokungafani nomsebenzi wokuqala kaDupin eParis, isisusa se knight kuyimali ngokuphelele (ukufuna umklomelo). Ekugcineni, Incwadi eyebiwe ichazwe nguPoe uqobo "njengendaba yami engcono kakhulu yokubonisana."

Sherlock Holmes

Umseshi owenziwe ngu USir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859 - 1930) wehlukaniswa ngobuhlakani bakhe obumangalisayo, ikhono lokugcina imininingwane emincane nokucabanga okukhiphayo. Sekukonke, izindaba "ezisemthethweni" zikaHolmes ziqukethe amanoveli ama-4 kanye nezindaba eziyi-156 zobude obuhlukahlukene eziqoqwe kumavolumu ambalwa.

U-Arthur Conan Doyle.

U-Arthur Conan Doyle.

Ngezansi kunohlu lwezincwadi ezihambelana nalokho okubizwa nge- “Holmesian canon” (konke okumele kubonwe ngaphakathi kohlobo lwabaseshi):

  • Ucwaningo olubomvu (1887). Inoveli.
  • Isibonakaliso sabane (1890). Inoveli.
  • I-Adventures kaSherlock Holmes (1892). Ukuhlanganiswa kwezindaba.
  • Izinkumbulo zikaSherlock Holmes (1894). Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba.
  • IHound leBaskersville (1901-1902). Inoveli.
  • Ukubuya kukaSherlock Holmes (1903). Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba.
  • Isigodi sokwesaba (1914-1916). Inoveli.
  • Umnsalo wakhe wokugcina (1917). Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba.
  • Ingobo yomlando kaSherlock Holmes (1927). Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba.

Hercule Poirot

UChristie Agatha.

UChristie Agatha.

Uhlamvu lokwakhiwa ngu Agatha Christie I-1890 - 1975 Cishe ungumphenyi obukeka emuhle kakhulu onemikhuba ecwengisiswe kakhulu ezincwadini zomhlaba. UPoirot uchazwa njengomuntu omfishane, oziqhenyayo ngamadevu akhe futhi okhangwa ngucwaningo olumele inselelo yangempela yezobuchwepheshe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhloli osethathe umhlalaphansi ungumthandi "wokuhleleka nendlela", othanda ukulingana, ubuntofontofo, ubunono kanye nolayini oqondile. Ingqikithi, UChristie wabhala izindaba ezingama-41 ezinenkanyezi noPoirot (konke kungamagugu okulandisa weqiniso), Phakathi kwabadume kakhulu kunalokhu okulandelayo:

  • Icala eliyindida lezitayela (1920).
  • Ukubulawa kukaRoger Ackroyd (1926).
  • Imfihlakalo yesitimela esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (1928).
  • Ukubulala ku-Orient Express (1934).
  • Ukufa eNayile (1937).
  • Igazi echibini (1946).
  • Ikhethini: icala lokugcina likaHercule Poirot (1975).

USam Spade, "umphenyi" womphenyi wale noveli yobugebengu

Ngesikhathi sempi yangekhulu lama-XNUMX, uSam Spade wephule isikhunta somcwaningi "olungile kwezepolitiki". Empeleni, Izici zalo mseshi zimele ukuphikiswa kwabalingiswa abathembekile (isibonelo, uDupin noma uPoirot). Idalwe ngumbhali waseMelika uDashiell Hammlett (1894 - 1961), uSpade uzizwa ekhululekile endaweni yabafileyo

Ngokufanayo, ulimi lwakhe olungaqondakali futhi abhalisela isiqubulo esithi "ukuphela kuvumela izindlela", aqinisekise isimo sakhe sengqondo sokungalawuleki futhi akanandaba nombono wabanye ... Ukuxazululwa kobugebengu kuphela okubalulekile, nganoma iyiphi imali. Lezi zimfanelo zengeza isinongo esengeziwe ezincwadini zakhe ezithokozisayo ezigcwele umoya omnyama: I-Maltese Falcon (1930) futhi Ukhiye we-crystal (1931).

UMnuz Ripley onekhono (noma "iphoyisa elihlehla")

Ithalente lika Mnu. Ripley.

Ithalente lika Mnu. Ripley.

Lo msebenzi ngumbhali wezincwadi waseMelika uPatricia Highsmith (1921 - 1995) yaqanjwa yi-Mystery Writers Association of America njengenye yezincwadi eziyikhulu eziyimfihlakalo emlandweni. Ishicilelwe ngo-1955, okubaluleke kakhulu kwalesi sihloko kuhlala kwisitayela sokuxoxa izindaba esincike endaweni yokubuka umenzi wobubi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, UTom Ripley (i-protagonist) ungumdwebi nombulali ozimisele ukwenza izinto ezihlasimulisayo ukuze alondoloze isimo sakhe senhlalo. Ngakho-ke, uzama ukuzizungeza ngabantu abacebile futhi abakhohlise ngenxa yethalente lakhe elingavamile: ukukhohlisa. Ngokwengeziwe, uHighsmith wabhala lezi zihloko ezilandelayo ezibeka inkanyezi kule ndoda yakhe:

  • URipley ngaphansi komhlaba (1970).
  • Umdlalo kaRipley (1974).
  • Ezinyathelweni zikaRipley (1980)
  • URipley usengozini (1991).

Ezinye izincwadi ezinhle ezimayelana nabaseshi

Namuhla, zonke izincwadi zabaseshi zinethonya elingenakuphikwa lokungenani komunye wabalingiswa abalandelayo: uDupin, Poirot, Spade, noma uRipley. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, i-athikili ehlukile iyadingeka ukuklelisa izihloko zabaseshi ezihamba phambili zenkathi ngayinye.

Noma kunjalo, nazi izincwadi zabaseshi okumele bazibone:

  • Ukungagunci kukaBaba uBrown (1911), nguGilbert Keith Chesterton.
  • Iphupho laphakade (1939), nguRaymond Chandler.
  • Udrako Obomvu (1981), nguThomas Harris.
  • Ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani (2010), nguJohn Verdon.
  • Izithunzi zikaQuirke (2015), nguJohn Banville.
  • Kububi obukhulu (2017), nguCésar Pérez Gelilla.

Amazwana ayi-3, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   UVictor kusho

    Bachaze uSam Spade njengo "prototype" wohlobo lwabaseshi.
    Igama elifanele yi- "archetype" ngoba ama-prototypes abhekisa emishini.

  2.   AmaMatias kusho

    UPhillip Marlowe, umlingiswa oyinhloko wephupho laphakade, nguRaymond Chandler kanti le noveli yashicilelwa ngo-1939. Sihloko esihle kakhulu, imikhonzo.

  3.   UGustavo Woltmann kusho

    Uhlu oluhle kakhulu lwemisebenzi, ikakhulukazi leyo ephathelene noDoyle noSherlock Holmes wakhe omkhulu.
    - UGustavo Woltmann.