Ukuxoxisana noVíctor del Arbol, uNadal Award 2016.

Sinelungelo lokuba nebhulogi yethu namuhla nge UVictor weSihlahla, Barcelona, ​​1968, Umnqobi we Umklomelo weNadal 2016 por Isikhathi sangaphambi kwakho konke, I-Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres kuHulumeni waseFrance Republic, umbhali othengisa kakhulu njenge Amaconsi ayisigidi o Ukudabuka kweSamurai.

UVíctor del Árbol wenza inoveli yobugebengu ibe ngaphezu kohlobo oluthile. Indaba ngayinye yazo yehlukile, iqala phansi, akukho okubikezelayo. Akukho namanoveli akhe akulungiselela elandelayo. Okumangazayo, okuthokozisayo, kwalabo babhali abathanda umfundi, abamkhubaza ukuthi akhethe phakathi kwemisebenzi yabo ngoba ngamunye ushiye uphawu olujulile enkumbulweni yakhe.

Actualidad Literatura: Siempre cuentas que tu pasión por la literatura empezó en la infancia, en la biblioteca de tu barrio en Barcelona, donde tu madre te dejaba con tus hermanos mientras ella iba a trabaja: ¿cuál fue ese libro que te hizo pensar «De mayor voy a ser escritor»?

UVictor weSihlahla: Esigabeni ngasinye kwakukhona okwehlukile, futhi abanye babo babedlula izikhathi zokukhiqiza ukuze bahlale njengabangane abathembekile impilo yami yonke. Kusukela kulawo mahlaya akudala aguqulelwe kusuka ebuntwaneni aya kuCoetzee, izincwadi kanye nababhali abanjengoSteinbeck, Faulkner, Fietzcherald, Dostoyevsky, Delibes, Matute, Mallarmé, Lope ... Isihambi saseCamus singimakile, njengoMax Aub's Raven Manuscript Iminyaka Eyikhulu Eyodwa of Solitude nguGarcía Marquez, Hombres del Maíz nguMiguel Ángel Asturias ... Uma ngabe bekukhona okucacile, angazi. Wonke umuntu wayengimema ukuthi ngizozama. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingokomzwelo ngikhumbula okubalulekile: "Requiem for a umlimi waseSpain" nguR. Kwakungumklomelo womklomelo wami wokuqala wokubhala (ngineminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu) futhi ngesikhathi esithile ebusheni bami ngaqonda okuningi lapho ngithola i- “De Profundis” ka-Oscar Wilde. Ngaqala izinyathelo zami zokuqala nginomdlandla ngomlando futhi kwakukhuthaza ukufunda izincwadi zikaPaul Preston noHugh Thomas ngeSpanish Civil War, noma iChronicle of the Indies kaBartolomé de las Casas. Ngibe nesikhathi esimnandi nezincwadi zikaFollet lapho bengingakabhali iLos column de la Tierra, noVozquez Figueroa kanye neTuareg yakhe, noMarsé nama-Last Afternoons akhe noTeresa… Noma kunjalo, ake sime manje. 

AL: Chevalier des Arts et des lettres ngo-2017. Wabelana ngale ndondo nabanye abaseSpain abadumile njengoCarmen Maura othole ingxenye yomsebenzi wakhe wobungcweti ezigabeni zaseFrance, noma u-Arturo Pérez Reverte, nangobuntu besimo sesimo sakamuva inoveli emibhalweni, uBob Dylan, noma ukubala abambalwa uMaryl Streep, uClint Eastwood, uShakira, uCarlos Vives… Ngabe iVíctor del Arbol iyimfashini eFrance, engenye yezimakethe ezinkulu kakhulu zohlobo olumnyama? Kusho ukuthini lo mklomelo emsebenzini wakho wobungcweti?

I-VDA: Angithandi ukucabanga ukuthi ngingumbhali wemfashini eFrance ngoba imfashini iyadlula futhi ngicabanga ukuthi sonke esizinikela kulokhu sinesifiso sokubekezela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, okungijabulisayo ukubona ukuthi eminye yemisebenzi yami iba yingxenye yalokhu esikubiza ngokuthi "imitapo yolwazi engemuva" nokuthi yize iminyaka iqhubeka ifundwa. Kubonakala kimi ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi incwadi ifundwe ngaphandle kwesikhathi eyabhalwa ngaso bese isebenza. Lokho kubenza bakudala.

Ngingathanda ukukholelwa ukuthi ukubizwa ngeChevalier des Arts et lettres nguhulumeni waseFrance kuzongenza ngibe ngumbhali ongcono, kepha ngiyesaba ukuthi akunjalo. Ngakwemukela lokhu kuhlonishwa ngenkulu injabulo, kepha ngazi ukuthi umbono wabanye nowami awuhambisani kahle. Amagama okhokho bami ocaphuna kubo akhuluma ngokwabo ngomkhondo nangesehlakalo engisesekude ukuba ngifinyelele kuso. Kepha-ke kuyisikhuthazo sokuqhubeka uzama. Ingxenye encane yami engingakwazi ukuyivimba ingathanda ukuthi lokhu kwaziwa okuhlonishwayo kuthambise umgwaqo kancane ekhaya, kepha angikho ngaphansi kokukhohlisa. Kufanele siqhubeke.

AL: Ababhali bahlanganisa futhi bahlukanise izinkumbulo zabo nezindaba abazizwile ukudala abalingiswa nezimo, umsebenzi wakho wakudala, isipiliyoni sakho eMossos, ngabe kwake kwaba yisikhuthazo kuwe?

I-VDA: Ukuqanjwa kwememori yomuntu siqu kuyisihloko engibhala ngakho. Umsuka wayo yonke into ukhona, phakathi kwemiqhafazo yesikhathi esedlule ekhuthazayo, ephindayo, ekhubazekayo futhi ephinde izivuselele. Okuhlangenwe nakho okubalulekile njengoMosso kuyingxenye yalowo magma wezinkumbulo nokuhlangenwe nakho. Yilapho, phakathi kwamakhasi, ngendlela ecishe icace, ngisho nakimi. Ukwesaba kwami, engikutholile, ukudumazeka nokuncoma kwami. Ingxenye yempilo yami.

AL: Uhlobo olumnyama, kepha ngokungafani nababhali abaningi balolo hlobo, asikho isimilo esiziphindayo, asiqhubeki, ngabe kukhona omunye kini ocabanga ukuthi uzolingisa enye yezindaba zakho futhi ngokuzayo noma ngamunye isiqalo esisodwa kusuka ekuqaleni?

I-VDA: Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku abanye bazofika bazohlala, kepha kuze kube manje angikaze ngisizwe leso sidingo. Kufanele abe ngumlingiswa ongakhohlwayo, okwazi ukukhombisa zonke izici zakhe nokuziphendukela kwakhe eminyakeni edlule, ngokwesibonelo uPetra Delicado ovela ku-Alicia G. Bartlett wami engimthandayo angakwenza.

AL: Izikhathi eziningi ezinhle eziqhuba nokuqinisa umsebenzi wakho wobuchwepheshe njengokuphumelela eFrance kwe Ukudabuka kweSamurai, noma umklomelo kaNadal we Isikhathi sangaphambi kwakho konke. Okwakho, njengomlobi nanjengomuntu, yiziphi izikhathi ezikhethekile zomsebenzi wakho wobungcweti? Labo ozobatshela abazukulu bakho.

I-VDA: Ngesikhathi sokuqala ngibona inoveli yami ezitolo ezidayisa izincwadi ("El Peso de los Muertos"), ikhava yeLa Vanguardia eSant Jordi lapho yavela khona kanye noJuan Marsé, omunye wabalobi engangibhekisela kubo, ugwayi engawubhema ekuseni ngovivi ePlaza ngemuva komkhosi kaNadal futhi ngisele ngedwa ngicabanga ngobuntwana bami, bafowethu. Kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngicabanga ukuthi ngizotshela abazukulu bami ukuthi okuhle kakhulu kusazofika, futhi kuzoba yiqiniso.

AL: Incwadi yakho yakamuva, ethi Above the Rain, eyashicilelwa ngo-2017, ingabe isivele ikhona iphrojekthi elandelayo? Ingabe ungomunye walabo abaqala inoveli elandelayo ngokushesha nje lapho eyedlule iphela, noma ngabe udinga isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kokudala?

I-VDA: Ngivumela isikhathi sidlule, yize imibono ingangeni noma izivelele. Inqubo yokudala futhi angiyilawuli ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kwesinye isikhathi ngenkathi ngibhala kukhona ama-forays kwezinye izindawo angikhuthazayo, ngithatha amanothi bese ngiwagcina ukuze avuthwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwesinye isikhathi ngibhala amakhasi ambalwa ukubona ukuthi ngizizwa ngikhululekile yini, uma kuyasebenza. Uma kungenjalo, shiya.

Ngisebenza ngendaba entsha, kunqubo yamadokhumenti futhi ngihlanganisa amathambo ezakhiwo, abalingiswa… Kuzoba inqubo ende ngaphambi kokuthi ngiqale ukubhala.

AL: Unenoveli ebhaliwe futhi engashicilelwe, i-The Abyss of Dreams, eyayingowokugcina kwiFernando Lara Award ka-2008. Siyazi ukuthi yinoveli yabaseshi. Awunandawo kule makethe yokuncintisana, noma ngabe nguwe ongasafuni ukuyithola?

I-VDA: Angicabangi ukuthi iyinoveli enhle yize umqondo uwukuthi, kuthatha umsebenzi omningi futhi angizizwa ngifuna ukubuyela kuleso sinyathelo ukusibuyekeza. Mhlawumbe ngelinye ilanga.

AL: Kukhona ukuzilibazisa noma imikhuba lapho ubhala? Bathi uthanda ukuhlala phansi ubhale kumathala ebha engezansi kwendlu yakho… Usengakwenza lokho noma impumelelo ikukhiyelela ekhaya?

I-VDA: Hahaha, yebo, ngiyaqhubeka ngikwenza. Kwesinye isikhathi iklayenti liza kimi, lingibingelele noma lingibuze ukuthi ngisayine incwadi, kepha bangabantu abanomusa futhi bayayihlonipha imfihlo. Abanikazi bayo bayangazi futhi abazihluphi nami noma ngabe ngibacela i-latte njalo emahoreni amabili. Ebusika kuba nzima kakhulu, kepha kuyindaba yokuhlanganisa kahle. Ngithanda ukubhala ezindaweni ezivulekile, ngizungezwe izinto ezenzekayo, ngogwayi bami, amanothi ami. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kuze kube yilapho ngizizwa ngikhathele.

AL: Othile ozokhombisa umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokumvumela abone ukukhanya?

I-VDA: Ngaphambi kwalokho, uLola, engangisebenza naye, wayezifunda. Ungenze ngabona izinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu ebengingazazi. Manje sengithuthukisa umhleli wami noma ngicela umkami afunde izahluko ezimbalwa ngazinye ukuze abone ukuthi indaba iphefumula kanjani. Kepha akekho kubo ogxeka njengami. Ekupheleni kosuku, ngiyazi ukuthi ngiphakamisani nokuthi ngisondele kangakanani noma ngikude kangakanani ukukufeza.

AL: Amanoveli akho angena kanjani emphakathini wanamuhla? Ubhala nini ofuna abafundi bakukhumbule ngawe? Ziyini izihloko ozithandayo ngaphandle komlando ozihlanganisayo?

I-VDA: Zifanelana nesifiso sokuhlanganisa okuqukethwe nesitsha. Inkulumo esesikhathini, ejabulisayo, eqondile yokutshela amaqiniso afanayo amadala, ukungabaza okungaphumeleli kanye nezindikimba zobuciko zomhlaba wonke, isifiso sokuhlolisisa lokho esiyikho kanye nencazelo yakho konke lokhu esikubiza ngokuthi kukhona. Nginentshisekelo yobuntwana obulahlekile, umbuzo wonya kanye nombuzo wokuhle nokubi.

Angazi ukuthi abafundi bazokhumbula ini, angazi ukuthi kukhona yini abazokukhumbula, uma ngizobheka ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izinto ezenzeka ngaphandle kokushiya okuthile okuhle.

Kepha ngihlala ngicabanga ukuthi igama, isigaba, incwadi kungavula iminyango yokuthi umuntu angene azishiye sekuxazululwe izingqinamba ezithile zakhe.

AL: Ngeke ngikucele ukuthi ukhethe phakathi kwamanoveli akho, kodwa ngizokucela ukuthi uvulele umphefumulo wakho njengomfundi kithi.Yiziphi izincwadi ezindala kakhulu kulabhulali yakho, lezo ezidlula eminyakeni edlule futhi uhlala ufunda futhi? Noma yimuphi umbhali ozithandayo, uhlobo oluthengayo kuphela olushicilelwe?

I-VDA: Ngiwufunde wonke umsebenzi kaDelibes, okuningi okubhalwe futhi kwashicilelwa ngeCamus, ngiphinde ngafunda ama-Last Afternoons noTeresa kaningi. Futhi ngafunda lokho akushicilelayo ngokushesha nje lapho kubonakala kuhunyushelwe uPaul Auster noCoetzee. Ngigcina ngothando i-anthology of Spanish Poetry enendawo ekhethekile yenkondlo ethile ka-Antonio Machado.

AL: Manje njengoba usufinyelele emaphusheni abo bonke ababhali bokuziphilisa ngomsebenzi wakho, ingabe ukuphanga okubhaliwe kuyakulimaza?

I-VDA:   Hhayi kimi kuphela, kepha kunoma ngubani ozizwa ngokweqiniso njenganoma iyiphi inkulumo yokudala. Kunezindlela zamahhala zokufinyelela ekufundeni ngaphandle kokweba: imitapo yolwazi, ama-e-book amanani aphansi, ama-paperbacks, izimalimboleko, izinhlelo zokushintshana kontanga. Noma kunjalo, ngikhathazeke kakhulu ngalokho okwenza ibhizinisi elikhanyayo lokulandwa okungekho emthethweni. Namuhla siyazi ukuthi ngemuva kwalokhu kuzidela kwamanga kunezigidi ezebiwe ezinciphisa ithuba lokuthi abanye ababhali babone ukukhanya ngeziqinisekiso ezincane zokucaca nekhwalithi. Angazi ukuthi ngingalinganisa kanjani inani lemali lencwadi kepha ngiyazi wonke umsebenzi osemuva kwayo ukuze igcine ifinyelele kumfundi, ababhali, abashicileli, abathengisi bezincwadi, ubuntatheli bezamasiko ... Baningi abantu abagcina belimele ngakho ukuthi abambalwa bacebe ngokungemthetho. Sekuneminyaka silazi, silibonile emakethe yomculo. Futhi ongenalwazi angafunda, kepha isiwula singaqiniseka kanjani? Ngoba kuwubuwula ukungafuni ukubona ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi leli su lilimaza wonke umuntu.

AL: Kulezi zinsuku lapho ukuhamba kukaLorenzo Silva kuTwitter kuyisihloko esihamba phambili, angikwazi ukukubuza: Bunjani ubudlelwano bakho nezingosi zokuxhumana nabantu? Ngabe ziyamsiza umbhali ukuthi axhumane nabafundi noma ingabe yihlathi elidala ukuphazamiseka kuphela?

I-VDA: Ngokwethembeka, isikhathi ngasinye ukude kancane. Yize nginqena ukuyeka ngoba ngihlangabezane nokukhulu nokutholile ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Isihluthulelo ukugcina inhlonipho, njengoba nje ubuyokwenza uma ubunaye lowo muntu phambi kwakho. Amanethiwekhi ayindlela yokuxhumana nokushintshanisa engiyithandayo, kepha ama-troll ayawina umdlalo, ama-narcissists, labo abafuna ukuthandwa kuphela ngezindleko zakho, bahehe ukunakwa ... Kugcina kukhathaza futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, kudikibalise. Kepha kusazuzisa.

AL: Iphepha noma ifomethi yedijithali?

I-VDA: Iphepha.

AL: Sengivala, njengenjwayelo, ngizokubuza umbuzo osondele kakhulu ongawubuza umbhali: Kungani ubhala?

I-VDA: Ngelinye ilanga ngiyokwazi. Noma mhlawumbe awufuni ukwazi. Mhlawumbe ufuna nje ukuqhubeka ukwenze.

Ngiyabonga Víctor del Árbol, ngifisa uqhubeke ube nempumelelo eminingi nokuthi uqhubeke nokusinika amanoveli amaningi amahle.