Incwadi Yothando Oluhle

Umasipala wase-Hita

Umasipala wase-Hita

Incwadi Yothando Oluhle (1330 kanye no-1343) ingxubevange eyenziwe nguJuan Ruiz, owakhonza njengoMphristi omkhulu wakwa-Hita ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Lo msebenzi - owaziwa nangokuthi Incwadi ka-Archpriest o Incwadi yamaculo— Kubhekwa njengencwadi yakudala yezincwadi zesi-Spanish zasendulo. Ukwakheka kwayo kubanzi, kunezigaba ezingaphezu kwe-1.700 lapho kuxoxwa khona umlando oqanjiwe wombhali.

Kunemibhalo yesandla emithathu yalencwadi—S, G no-T—, engakaqedwa. Kulezi, "S" noma "Salamanca" iyona ephelele kakhulu, kuyilapho ezinye ziqukethe kuphela izingcezu zomsebenzi. Ngokufanayo, ukudalwa kwayo kuveza izinsuku ezimbili: 1330 kanye 1343; Lokhu okubili kungenxa yemibhalo yokuqala etholakele. Inguqulo ye-"S" (1343) iyinguqulo ye-"G", lapho izingoma ezintsha zengezwe khona.

Ukuhlaziywa Incwadi Yothando Oluhle

Isandulela somsebenzi

Lesi sigaba sombhalo sasibhalwe ngephrozi - ngokungafani nawo wonke umsebenzi. Lapha, umbhali usho izinhloso zencwadi kanye nokuchazwa kwayo okungenzeka. Uphinde waveza ukuthi yalungiswa kusukela ejele. Kulokhu, abahlaziyi abaningi babheka ukuthi kwakungokomfanekiso, ngoba alikhulumi ngejele leqiniso, kodwa libhekisela ekuphileni kwasemhlabeni.

UDon Amor vs Arcipreste

Umbhali uqala umbhalo ngokuba nesikhalazo no-Don Amor.Esimweni sokuqala, wamsola ngokuba necala lezono ezinkulu. Yini enye, Wathi uthando luyabhubhisa, njengoba luhlanyisa amadoda, ngakho wancoma ukuthi basuke esizindeni salo. Ukuze achaze umbono wakhe, u-Archpriest wasebenzisa izindaba eziningana, phakathi kwazo walandisa "Imbongolo nehhashi", njengesibonelo sokuziqhenya ngabantu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UDon Amor waphendula ngokumnika izimfundiso ezithile. Kulokhu wasebenzisa i-Ovid kanye ne ukuguqulwa kwe sebenzisa kusukela kuNkathi Ephakathi: U-Ars Amandi. Empendulweni yakhe, wachaza indlela owesifazane ophelele ngokomzimba okufanele abe ngayo kanye nezimfanelo okumelwe abe nazo kokubili imini nobusuku. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, wamncenga ukuba afune “umfanisi” - onguchwepheshe ekwenzeni imithi yothando - ukuze ameluleke.

Ukuthandana kukaDon Melón noDoña Endrina

Yindaba emaphakathi yencwadi. Kuyo, uRuiz uguqule amahlaya enkathi ephakathi nomsebenzi wakhe: I-Pamphilus (XII ekhulwini). Ukulandisa kungokomuntu wokuqala futhi kunabalingiswa abashiwo ngenhla: uDon Melón noDoña Endrina.. Kuleli tulo, le ndoda yafuna umeluleki omdala—i-Trotaconventos—ukuze inqobe le ntokazi okukhulunywa ngayo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, nakuba uthando lwenyama ludlala indima ebalulekile, izikhathi eziningana kubhekiselwa ekutheni kubaluleke kangakanani ukusondela othandweni lukaNkulunkulu.

I-Trotaconventos yaqala ukusebenza, yafuna u-Dona Endrina futhi yamqinisekisa ukuthi ahlangane no-Don Melon endlini yakhe endala. Bake bahlangana, kucatshangwa - ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamakhasi emibhalo yesandla - ukuthi babenobudlelwane obuseduze.

Kwakunje -Ngezindleko zenkohliso nezicupho— ekugcineni kwavunyelwana umshado Phakathi kokubili. Isu lomeluleki lalilula, kodwa lisebenza kahle: okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwesula isithunzi sowesifazane kwakuwumshado.

Izigigaba eSierra de Segovia

Lena enye yezindaba ezivelele ze-Archpriest. Lapha ulandisa ngokudlula kwakhe eSierra de Segovia, lapho ahlangana khona nabantu abambalwa basedolobheni elincane. Owokuqala wabo kwakungu "La chata", owesifazane onenhlamba engenamahloni. Ngokusobala, wayevame ukucela izipho ukuze athole okuthile okuphathelene nobulili. Ngobuchule, le ndoda yakwazi ukuphunyuka kulokhu kanye nezinye izintombi zaseSomosierra.

Endleleni yokubaleka, wathola enye intaba phansi kwentaba. Lona wesifazane "wayeyiqaba" kunabanye. Umpristi Omkhulu ucele ukukhoseliswa, futhi, ngokubuyisela, wamcela uhlobo oluthile lwenkokhelo —Ezocansi noma izinto ezibonakalayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, indoda, ejabhe owesifazane, wavuma Ngiyavuma isicelo.

Umncintiswano phakathi kuka-Don Carnal no-Doña Cuaresma

Ngemva kwezingoma ezithile eziya eNcasakazi - ngenxa yokuba seduze kweSonto Elingcwele - inganekwane engokomfanekiso ngempi phakathi kukaDon Carnal noDona Cuaresma iye yethulwa. Lapha, umbhali ubonisa ukungqubuzana okuvamile phakathi kwezifiso zezwe nengokomoya. Umbhalo ulandiswa njenge-parody futhi ugqugquzelwe izingoma zenkathi ephakathi zokwenza.

UDon Carnal waqoqa eqinile futhi engahlulwa ibutho. Nokho, ukunambitheka kweqembu lakhe ukudla kanye iwayini elenziwe wahamba esesimweni esibi enkundleni yempi. Lokho kwavumela ukungqubuzana ukuba kube nokulinganisela, futhi UNkosikazi Ukuboleka wasebenzisa kakhulu inzuzo futhi wazuza ukunqoba. Lapho esehluliwe, uDon Carnal wathathwa njengesiboshwa futhi wanikezwa isijeziso esinzima.

Izindaba zokugcina zothando ze-Archpriest

U-Archpriest akazange aphumule ekufuneni uthando, Wazama futhi wazama ukukufeza kwezinye izigigaba eziningi kangaka. Kuzo zonke waphinde wacela usizo eTrotaconventos. Esinye sezincomo zikamashesi omdala kwakuwukuthandana nomfelokazi, nokho-ke, owesifazane ohlonishwayo akazange aqiniseke ngokuphelele futhi indoda yehluleka. Ngemva kwalokho, i-protagonist yazama nomnikazi, kodwa ayizange iphumelele.

Ngemuva kwalokho UTrotaconventos wasikisela ukuba azame indela okuthiwa uGaroza. U-Archpriest wazama ukumenza athandane, kodwa lona wesifazane wanamathela ezifungweni zakhe zaphezulu futhi ngemva nje kokufa kwakhe. Le ndoda yaqhubeka nezigigaba zayo, kwathi ngemva kokukhubeka okungaka, yakwazi ukubhebhana ne-blackberry.

Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho kunqoba okufushane, umenzi womdlalo washona. Lokho kulahlekelwa, kunjalo, kumthinte kakhulu umlingiswa. Ngemva kwezinye izingoma eziya entombini nokuphatha uNkulunkulu, umpristi omkhulu waqeda incwadi ngokunikela futhi imiyalelo indlela yokulihumusha.

Mayelana nombhali: UJuan Ruiz, u-Archpriest wakwa-Hita

UJuan Ruiz wayengumfundisi futhi wayengumphristi omkhulu waseHita, umasipala waseSpain esifundazweni saseGuadalajara. Imininingwane ngemvelaphi yayo nempilo ayitholakali, Okuncane okwaziwayo kuthathwe kulo msebenzi owodwa: Incwadi Yothando Oluhle. Kucatshangwa ukuthi wazalwa ngo-1283 e-Alcalá de Henares futhi wafunda eToledo, eHita - indawo azalelwa kuyo - noma indawo eseduze.

Futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi wayenolwazi olubalulekile lomculo, olubonakala kusichazamazwi sakhe esinembayo ngale ndaba. Abanye bacabanga - by the Umbhalo wesandla weSalamanca- ukuthi waboshwa ngomyalo ka-Archbishop Gil de Albornoz, nakuba abagxeki abaningi behluka kulowo mbono. Ngokwemibhalo eyahlukene, kucatshangelwa ukuthi ukufa kwakhe kwabhalwa ngonyaka ka-1351; Ngaleso sikhathi wayengasakhonzi njengoMphristi Omkhulu wakwaHita.

Ingxabano ngomuzi wakubo

Ama-medievalists U-Emilio Sáez no-José Trenchs bayaqinisekisa kuCongress of the year 1972 ukuthi idolobha lakubo kaJuan Ruiz kwakuyi-Alcalá la Real—iBenzayde (1510c) -. Baphinde bagomela ukuthi uchithe cishe iminyaka eyi-10 yobuntwana bakhe kuleyo ndawo. Lonke lolu lwazi lwahlanganiswa ngemuva kophenyo olude ngongoti; nokho, lolu cwaningo alukwazanga ukuphethwa ngenxa yokufa okungalindelekile kwabo bobabili.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Isazi-mlando saseSpain uRamón Gonzálvez Ruiz sazwakalisa okulandelayo esimisweni somhlangano ngo-2002: “Kuyo yonke incwadi yakhe uJuan Ruiz ubelokhu ehlwanyela imininingwane evela emlandweni wakhe. Kumelwe ukuba wazalelwa e-Alcalá, njengoba ivesi elidumile iTrotaconventos ebingelela ngalo ijikijolo lisikisela Egameni lompristi omkhulu: «Lungisa, ovela e-Alcalá uyabingelela kakhulu» (isigaba 1510a) ”.

Kuze kube namuhla, ayikho kulezi zinkolelo-mbono ezimbili eqinisekisiwe ngumthombo ocacile, futhi womabili amadolobha asalwela ukuqashelwa.. Kodwa-ke, iningi lithambekele kumbono kaGonzálvez Ruiz, kusukela u-Alcalá de Henares (Madrid) iyisifunda esiseduze ne-Hita (Guadalajara).


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