Izinsiza zesitayela ezincwadini

Ababhali bahlale bezama ukuthola ukunakwa kombhali ofunda (noma alalele, enezincwadi zomsindo) imisebenzi yabo. Ukufeza lokhu, basebenzisa izindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo nezinkulu: dala ifayela le- indaba emnandi Vuka intshisekelo yokufunda komphakathi bese usebenzisa i- ulimi ngendlela ekhethekile ekhangayo futhi eyenza umfundi afune ukuqhubeka nokufunda umsebenzi wakho.

Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kunenqwaba yezinsizakusebenza ezisesitayeleni ezincwadini, ukuthi yize eziningi zimisiwe noma okungenani zingabonwa njengokuvamile, zisekhona futhi bezisetshenziswa emibhalweni amakhulu eminyaka. Uma ufuna ukuba nesifinyezo sayo yonke imithombo yezitayela, nakhu unakho. Sizihlukanisa ngezigaba ezintathu kuye ngokuthi zithinta ziphi izici zolimi.

Izinsiza zemisindo

Lezi zinsizakusetshenziswa ukusebenzisa umsindo olimini ngomqondo wobuhle nokuzwakalayo, okwenza umuzwa othile kumfundi:

• I-Alliteration: Ukuphindaphindwa okuhlelekile komsindo ukukhiqiza imiphumela ethile yezinzwa. Esibonelweni esilandelayo, imisindo ethile iyaphindwa ukunikeza umuzwa wokuhamba ngokushelelayo.
• I-Onomayopeya: Ukulingisa umsindo wangempela. I-Onomayopeya kwesinye isikhathi itholakala nge-alliteration. Emavesini alandelayo, ukwenza isibonelo, ukuphindaphindwa kwe "s" kuvusa ukubhuza kwezinyosi.

Izinsizakusebenza zeMorphosyntactic

Zenzeka ngokungeza, ukususa, noma ukuphinda amagama, noma ngokushintsha ukuhleleka kwamagama emshweni:

• I-Epithet: Siqukethe ukusebenzisa isichasiso esiveza ikhwalithi yebizo elinamathiselwe kulo.
• Umqondofana: Kuwukubalwa kwamagama anencazelo efanayo.
• I-Asyndeton: Kuqukethe ukushiya izihlanganisi ukukhiqiza umphumela wejubane.
• I-Polysyndeton: Kungumthombo ophambene nalokhu okushiwo ngaphambili. Siqukethe ukuphindaphindwa kwezihlanganisi ezingadingekile; kuveza umphumela wesizotha, ukuqina noma ukwehlisa.
• I-Ellipse: Kuqukethe ukususwa kwamagama njengoba kubhekwa njengokuqondwa.
• I-Anaphora: Siqukethe ukuphindaphindwa kwegama elilodwa noma amaningi ekuqaleni kwamavesi noma imisho eminingana.
• Ukufana: Ukuphindwa kokwakhiwa okufanayo emavesini amabili noma ngaphezulu noma imisho.
• I-Hyperbaton: Kuqukethe ukuguqula ukuhleleka okunengqondo kwamagama asemshweni.

Izinsizakusebenza zeSemantic

Lezi zinsizakusebenza ezenza ukuthi incazelo yamagama ishintshe embhalweni:

• La indida: Umdwebo onemibono emibili noma imiqondo ehlobene ebonakala iphikisana noma iphikisana kodwa ngomqondo ojulile ayiwona.
• La ukuphikisana: Inamagama aphikisanayo noma amabinzana anencazelo ehlukile.
• La i-irony: Siqukethe ukusikisela okuphambene nalokho okushiwoyo. Incazelo yangempela ilandela umongo.
• El isifaniso: Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwamagama noma imibono emibili.
• La ihaba: Ihaba.
• La isingathekiso (trope): Kuqukethe ukuqamba okungokoqobo negama lenye umbhali aqala ngalo ukuhlonza ngokufana kwalo.
• La mthoko (trope): Siqukethe ukuqamba iqiniso ngegama lomunye eligcina ngalo ubudlelwano obusondelene, njengalowo ophakathi kombhali nomsebenzi wakhe, okuqukethwe nesitsha, indawo nomkhiqizo ovela kukho, njll.
• La amasipho: Luhlobo oluthile lwe-metonymy oluqukethe ukuhlukanisa ingxenye yayo yonke noma yonke ingxenye. Isibonelo: "Uqoqe amakhanda angaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu."

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinsizakusebenza zesitayela semvelo semantic

Izinsizakusebenza zesitayela se-semantic esibonwe phambilini zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ezihlukene, zehlukaniswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Izinsizakusebenza zeSemantic kusekelwe ekuphikisweni kwemibono: Kulezi kuzongena impicabadala, indida nokuphikisana.
• Izinsizakusebenza zeSemantic ngokususelwa ebudlelwaneni bokufana: Kulesi sigaba kuzoba nezinsizakusebenza zesifaniso (esizobona sichazwe kangcono futhi kangcono ngezansi), isithombe kanye nesifaniso.
• Izinsizakusebenza zeSemantic ngokususelwa ebudlelwaneni be-contiguity: Lokhu kungafaka izinsiza ze-metonymy ne-synecdoche.

Izinsizakusebenza ezenzelwe ukufana

La isingathekiso it is a device literary based on the kufanana. Isibonelo: «Thatha entwasahlobo yakho ejabulisayo / isithelo esimnandi, ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esithukuthele / umboze ingqungquthela enhle neqhwa (amavesi kaGarcilaso de la Vega). Kulokhu, ngokungeziwe, umuntu angakhuluma nge isifaniso ngoba inkulumo iveza uhlelo lwezingathekiso ezisebenza ngokubambisana ukuveza umqondo ofanayo: "Intwasahlobo ejabulayo" kulokhu bekungaba ubusha; "Isithelo esimnandi"Kungaba yisikhathi samanje; "Isimo sezulu esithukuthele noma ubusika" bekungamela ukuguga; «Iqhwa, izinwele ezimpunga kanye nengqungquthela enhle» bekungaba yinhloko. Kodwa-ke, isingathekiso akusiso kuphela isisetshenziswa semantic esakhiwe ngokuphendula lolu hlobo lobudlelwano. I- isifaniso futhi i ucabange nazo zinalezi zici. Ngezansi, ngesibonelo sezingcingo "AmaGreguerías" nguRamón Gómez de la Serna singakubona:

• Isibonelo sokufanisa: ILava ibukeka njengengwenya ehamba phambili / Amaxoxo aphonswa echibini sengathi athunyelwe.
• Isibonelo sesithombe esingahlanzekile noma isingathekiso: 8 yi-hourglass yezinombolo / Umzingeli uyisipuni sezicathulo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi ngenkathi kusingathekiso igama elilodwa (izinwele ezimpunga) lithathelwa elinye (iqhwa), kwisifaniso nasesithombeni amagama amabili afanayo aqanjwa (lava, ingwenya, 8, i-hourglass).

Njengoba sibona, kunemiqondo eminingi ebangelwa izinsiza zesitayela, ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzifunda, ukuzikhumbula nokuzikhomba ukukhetha inkondlo noma umbhalo wakudala nokuwuhlaziya.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Isendlalelo nefomu emibhalweni. Esikushoyo nokuthi sikusho kanjani.