Izingcaphuno ezidumile zikaGabriel Garcia Márquez ku-One Hundred Years of Solitude

UGabriel Garcia Marquez.

UGabriel Garcia Marquez.

Usesho lwewebhu "imishwana edumile kaGabriel Garcia Márquez Iminyaka Eyikhulu Yokuba Sodwa" ijwayelekile. Futhi ukuthi lo msebenzi wabeka indinganiso, futhi nanamuhla, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengama-60 ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwawo, uyaqhubeka nokunikeza okuthile azokhuluma ngakho. UGabriel García Márquez ngokungangabazeki ungomunye wabamele ovelele wokwenza imilingo kanye nezincwadi zaseLatin American jikelele. Akumangalisi ukuthi, "uGabo" waklonyeliswa ngeNobel Prize for Literature ka-1982. Ngalesi sizathu, lo mbhalo wethula ukukhetha ngemishwana ehamba phambili Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa (1967), umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko.

Le noveli ithathwa yizifundiswa njengombhalo obaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Kungaphezulu, iphephandaba lase-Iberia Izwe ukuyifaka "ohlwini lwamanoveli ayi-100 amahle ngeSpanishi ngekhulu lama-XNUMX". Ngokwengxenye yalo, iphephandaba laseFrance Okwezwe Ukhuluma ngakho phakathi "kwezincwadi eziyi-100 ezihamba phambili zekhulu lama-100." Ngokunjalo, nakwiNorway Book Club ingenye "yezincwadi eziyi-XNUMX ezihamba phambili ngaso sonke isikhathi".

Sobre el autor

Ukuzalwa, ubuntwana nokuqeqeshwa kwezemfundo

UGabriel José de la Concordia García Márquez (Mashi 6, 1927 - Ephreli 17, 2014) wazalelwa e-Aracataca, umnyango waseMagdalena, eColombia. UGabriel Eligio García kwakungabazali bakhe, futhi uLuisa Santiaga Márquez, unina. "Gabito" washiywa enakekelwa ngogogo nomkhulu wakhe abazalwa nabo. Kodwa ngo-1936 umkhulu wakhe wadlula emhlabeni nogogo wakhe wagcina engaboni, ngakho-ke, wabuyela kubazali bakhe eSucre.

Ufunde iminyaka yakhe yokuqala esikoleni samabanga aphakeme esikoleni samaJesuit iSan José (namuhla, i-Instituto San José). Ngaleso sikhathi waqala ukukhipha izinkondlo kumagazini wobumbano Intsha. Ngemuva kwalokho, rUthole umfundaze kahulumeni ukuyofunda eLiceo Nacional de Zipaquirá, ngaseBogotá. Lapho wathola iziqu ze-bachelor futhi kamuva waqala ukufundela ezomthetho eNational University of Colombia.

Amathonya nemisebenzi yokuqala

Eqinisweni, umsebenzi wezomthetho wawungewona umsebenzi wokuzikhethela kodwa kwakuwumzamo wokujabulisa umzali wakhe. Njengoba isifiso sangempela sikaGarcía Márquez kwakuwukuba ngumbhali. Futhi, ngaleso sikhathi kwaphawulwa ngokuphawulekayo ngabalobi abanjengoFranz Kafka noBorges.

Ngaleyondlela, ubelungiselela isitayela esixuba izindaba ezihlanyayo zikagogo wakhe nezici zesitayela eziphefumulelwe Ukuguqulwa komzimba, Ngokwesibonelo. NgoSepthemba 1947 washicilela indaba yakhe yokuqala emfushane Umbukeli. Khonamanjalo, waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe wezomthetho waze wabizwa ngokuthi yiBogotazo, eyenzeka ngo-Ephreli 9, 1948 ngemuva kokubulawa kukaJorge Eliécer Gaitán.

Umsebenzi wakhe wobuntatheli nomshado

Ngemuva kokuvalwa okungenamkhawulo kweNational University, UMárquez waya e-University of Cartagena futhi wathola umsebenzi wokuba yintatheli e El Universal. Ngo-1950, washiya ngokucacile iziqu zakhe zomthetho wenza ubuntatheli eBarranquilla. Enhlokodolobha yoMnyango wase-Atlántico washada noMercedes Barcha ngoMashi 1958.

Lo mbhangqwana wawunezingane ezimbili: uRodrigo (1959) noGonzalo (1964). Ngo-1961, uGabriel García Márquez nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela eNew York, lapho asebenza khona njengentatheli kaPrensa Latina. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusondelana kwakhe kanye nemibiko evumayo ebhekiswe kumuntu kaFidel Castro, uthole ukugxekwa okuqinile ngabaphikisi baseCuba.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemibhalo

UGarcía Márquez nomndeni wakhe bathuthela eMexico City ngemuva kokuthola izinsongo ezivela kuCIA. Emazweni ama-Aztec wasungula indawo yakhe yokuhlala futhi wachitha impilo yakhe yonke, yize wayenamakhaya eBogotá, Cartagena de Indias naseParis.

En Idolobha elikhulu laseMexico elashicilelwa ngoJuni 1967 umsebenzi wakhe wokunikezela: Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa.

Ifa le- Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa

Este incwadi waba isihloko esidumile ngaphakathi kweqiniso lemilingo laseLatin America sibonga inhlanganisela yaso yobungcweti yezinto ezingenzeka, izindinyana eziqanjiwe nemicimbi eseqophelweni eliphezulu evela emlandweni waseColombia. Ngalesi sizathu, idolobha laseMacondo elaliqale ukuchuma, labe selididizelwa futhi ekugcineni laqothula izwe, laduma umhlaba wonke.

Kuleso simo, UGarcía Márquez uhlole izihloko ezifana nesizungu, ukulala nesihlobo, iphupho, izimpi, ezentengiselwano kanye nezombusazwe. Futhi akukho ukuntuleka kobuqili nezindaba zothando phakathi kwabaphikisi bendaba evula izizukulwane eziyisikhombisa ezichazwe esikhathini sokujikeleza. (Noma, ngaphakathi kohlaka lomlando olungakhonjwa).

Okunye okungeziwe mayelana Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa

  • Ithengise amakhophi ayingxenye yesigidi phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokuqala,
  • Ihunyushelwe ezilimini ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu.
  • Ithathwa njengencwadi ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngeSpanishi.

Imishwana ehamba phambili yeMinyaka Eyikhulu Yokuba Yedwa

  • "Umhlaba ubusanda kwedlula kangangokuba izinto eziningi bezishoda ngamagama, futhi ukubalula bekumele ubakhombe ngomunwe."
  • "Awufi lapho kufanele, kodwa uma ungakwazi."
  • “Okubalulekile ukuthi ungalahli umkhuba. Wazi njalo ngekhampasi, waqhubeka nokuqondisa amadoda akhe ngasenyakatho engabonakali, baze bakwazi ukushiya isifunda esithakathayo ”.
  • «Ugcine elahlekelwe yikho konke ukuxhumana nempi. Lokho okwake kwaba ngumsebenzi wangempela, isifiso esingenakuphikiswa sobusha bakhe, saba yisethenjwa esikude kuye: ukungabi nalutho.
  • "Wabuza ukuthi yimuphi lowo muzi, bamphendula ngegama ayengakaze alizwe, elalingasho lutho nhlobo, kodwa elalinomsindo ongaphezu kowemvelo ephusheni: Macondo."
  • "Isizungu besikhethe izinkumbulo zakhe, futhi sishise izinqwaba zemfucumfucu ezilahlayo impilo ebesiyinqwabelene enhliziyweni yakhe, futhi ibihlanze, yandisa futhi yenza abanye baba naphakade, ebabayo kakhulu."
  • “Kudutshulwe isibhamu esifubeni kwathi u-projectile waphuma emhlane wakhe engazange ashaye nendawo ebalulekile. Ukuphela kwento eyasala konke lokho kwakuwumgwaqo onegama lakhe eMacondo ”.
  •  "Wabe esekhipha imali ayiqongelele eminyakeni eminingi yokusebenza kanzima, wazibophezela namakhasimende akhe, waqhuba nokunwetshwa kwendlu."
  • "Imfihlo yokuguga okuhle ayisona isivumelwano esithembekile nesizungu."
  • "Ubehlale ethola indlela yokumala ngoba yize ebengamthandi, ubengeke aphile ngaphandle kwakhe."
  • "Empeleni, wayengenandaba nokufa, kodwa wayekhathalela impilo, yingakho umuzwa abenawo ngenkathi bekhipha isigwebo bekungekhona ukwesaba kodwa ubungafisi."
  • “Yilokho abephila ngakho. Ubesezungeze umhlaba amahlandla angamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu, ebhaliswe ematilongweni amatilosi angenamthetho. "
  • "Bathembise ukusungula indawo yokuzalela izilwane ezinhle kakhulu, hhayi kakhulu ukujabulela ukunqoba ababengeke bakudinge ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa ukuthi babe nokuthile okuzophazamisa ngamaSonto ayisicefe okufa."
  • "Wazizwa ekhohliwe, hhayi ngokukhohlwa kwenhliziyo okungalungiseka, kodwa nangokunye okunesihluku futhi okungenakuguqulwa ekhohlwa ukuthi wayazi kahle kakhulu, ngoba kwakungukukhohlwa ukufa.
  • "Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi inqobo nje uma uNkulunkulu esasinika impilo, sizoqhubeka sibe ngomama, futhi noma ngabe bayishintsho elingakanani, sinelungelo lokwehlisa amabhulukwe abo sibanikeze isikhumba lapho kuqala ukungabi nenhlonipho. "
  • "Njengazo zonke izinto ezinhle ezenzeke kubo ezimpilweni zabo ezinde, leyo nhlanhla engalawuleki yavela ethubeni."
  • "Nguye kuphela owayazi ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi inhliziyo yakhe eyayimangele yayizobhubha kuze kube nini nanini."
  • "Wayenobuntu obungajwayelekile bokungatholakali ngokuphelele kodwa ngesikhathi esifanele."
  • “Ngokuphazima kweso wathola imihuzuko, izilonda, imihuzuko, izilonda kanye nezibazi ezasala kuye ngaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu lempilo yansuku zonke, futhi wathola ukuthi lokhu kubhujiswa akuzange kumvuse ngisho nomuzwa wokuhawukela. Wabe esenza umzamo wokugcina ukubheka enhliziyweni yakhe indawo lapho uthando lwakhe lwase lubole khona, wangayithola.
  • “Vula amehlo akho kakhulu. Nganoma iyiphi yazo, izingane zakho zizophuma ngomsila wengulube ”.
  • "Umhlaba wehliselwe ebusweni besikhumba sakhe, kanti nengaphakathi beliphephile kuwo wonke umunyu."
  • "Sekwephuze kakhulu nginesiqiniseko sokuthi bengizokwenzela umusa omkhulu ukube bengikuvumela ukuthi udutshulwe."
  • “Lana iminyaka emine, izinyanga eziyishumi nanye nezinsuku ezimbili. Kwakunezikhathi zokuchichima lapho wonke umuntu egqoka izingubo zakhe zobupristi futhi enza ubuso bokululama ukuze agubhe lesi sikebhe, kodwa kungekudala ajwayela ukuhumusha amakhefu njengezimemezelo zobuqili ”.
  • "Bekufanele akhuthaze izimpi ezingamashumi amathathu nambili, futhi wephula zonke izinyathelo zakhe ngokufa nokugingqika okwengulube emgodini wenkazimulo, ukuthola cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane sekwedlule isikhathi ngamalungelo alula."
  • "Ukugcina kwabo ukumsiza ukubala iminyaka yakhe, ezinsukwini zenkampani kabhanana, wayeyibalile phakathi kweminyaka eyikhulu nanhlanu nanhlanu neyikhulu namashumi amabili nambili ubudala."
  • "Isililo esidala kunazo zonke emlandweni wesintu ukukhala kothando."
  • "Akekho okufanele azi incazelo yalo aze afinyelele eminyakeni eyikhulu."

Amazwana, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   USixto Rodríguez Hernández kusho

    Eminye imishwana ekhethiwe inobuhle obedlulele. Abanye bangama-hyperbolic kanti abanye bagcwele ubuhlakani noma amahlaya noma bobabili.