UCharlotte Brontë wazalwa eminyakeni engama-200 eyedlule

Ngo-Ephreli 21, 1816, umbhali uCharlotte Brontë weza emhlabeni ngaphandle kokusola iota eyodwa yalokho impilo yakhe yangomuso njengombhali eyayizomlethela khona.

Ukulahlekelwa ngunina, ukuthunyelwa kwakhe emazweni anzima aseYorkshire, noma ukufundelwa kwakhe esikoleni lapho ezogula khona isifo sofuba ngezinye zeziqephu ezingagqugquzela umsebenzi womunye wamaphayona ezincwadi zabesifazane futhi, ikakhulukazi , kusuka UJane Eyre, inoveli yakhe edume kakhulu.

Udadewabo ka-Agnes no-Emily Brontë, umbhali walokho okunye okubalulekile kwezincwadi zothando ezifana neWuthering Heights, UCharlotte Brontë ubezohlanganisa iminyaka engama-200 namuhla.

I-Charlotte nobufazi ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Angiyona inyoni, futhi angibanjwanga enethini: ngingumuntu, ngentando yami

Isilinganiso esivela kuJane Eyre asichazanga nje kuphela izinhloso zenye ye- abalingiswa besifazane abathatheka kunabo bonke emibhalweni kunalokho, ngandlela thile, iveze ingxenye yombono wowesifazane, uCharlotte Brontë, efihlwe ngaphansi kwegama lomgogodla wesilisa ngesikhathi lapho ukuba ngumfazi nombhali kwakuyimiqondo emibili yobumbano olusondelene.

UCharlotte Brontë owazalwa ngonyaka we-1816 eTronton, eYorkshire (Great Britain) wayenezingane zakubo ezinhlanu, ababambisene naye anciphisa ubuthongo bamazwe ayincithakalo yasemaphandleni amaNgisi ngokubhala izindaba nangokucabanga ngeminye imihlaba, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuthuthela edolobheni laseHaworth .

Lapho umama wakhe eshona ngo-1921, uCharlotte wayezothunyelwa kanye nodadewabo eClergy Daughters, isikole esiseLancashire lapho bonke bagula khona isifo sofuba. Isimo esethusayo segumbi sizosebenza njengesikhuthazo kuJane Eyre's Lowood Center.

Ngemuva kokushona kodadewabo ababili ngenxa yesifo sofuba, u-Anne, u-Emily noCharlotte babezoba "yizintathu zoncwadi", ngamunye wabo ebhala amanoveli abaqala ukuwathumela kubashicileli ngaphansi kwamabizo abesilisa. Owokuqala ukushicilelwa kwakunguJane Eyre (1947), indaba eyashiwo kumuntu wokuqala ngowesifazane osemusha ohlukunyezwayo othandana nomninindlu ongaqondakali wefa asebenza kulo njengomphathi, uMnu. Rochester.

Inoveli, enyatheliswa nguSmith, Elde & Inkampani, yaba yimpumelelo kwezentengiso, yabangela ilukuluku kubafundi ababefuna ukwazi ukuthi bangobani I-Currer bell, igama-mbumbulu lowesilisa elalisetshenziswa uCharlotte ngenkathi yamaVictoria ngenkathi engumbhali wesifazane lalingahlonishwa kangako.

Ngemuva kokuveza ubunikazi bakhe esidlangalaleni, abagxeki abanomdlandla abazungeze le noveli bancipha, yize incwadi yaqhubeka nokuthengisa kahle phakathi neminyaka eyalandela, kwalandelwa izinhlelo ezalandela.

UCharlotte, umngani omncane wemibuthano yokuzijabulisa nabantu baseLondon, waqhubeka nokubhala incwadi yakhe yesibili eseYorkshire, Shirley (1849), okuzolandelwa IVillette (1853) noma Uthisha, inoveli eyabhalwa ngaphambi kukaJane Eyre kodwa yashicilelwa ngo-1857.

Ngemuva kokushada no-Arthur Bell Nicholls, umelaphi kayise, uCharlotte wahlala ekhulelwe kwaze kwaba ngoMashi 31, 1885, lapho eshona nengane ayilindele ku-typhus.

Ifa likaCharlotte Brontë

UJane Eyre ungomunye wabo amanoveli anethonya elikhulu emibhalweni yesiNgisi, isiqeshana esivela njalo ezikoleni zamabanga aphakeme nomthombo wokhuthazo kwabanye ababhali bangaleso sikhathi njengoSylvia Plath, ngoba ngaphezu kokuba yisiNgisi, uJane Eyre wayeyincwadi yamakhosikazi evuswa "ukububula okujulile komphefumulo," ngokusho komgxeki ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva.okushicilelwa.

Ngokulandelayo, umsebenzi obaluleke kunayo yonke kaCharlotte Bronte uvuselele izingoma, amafilimu (inguqulo yakamuva, edlala uMia Wasikowska noMichael Fassbender) ngisho nemidlalo.

Ukusizakala nge-bicentennial yokuzalwa kwakhe, iNational Portrait Gallery eLondon ikhombisa okuwukuphela kwesithombe sodade baseBrontë, eyatholakala ngo-1906.

Ngokulandelayo, ikhaya lomndeni elidala eHaworth, eWest Yorkshire, selibuyiselwe njengemyuziyemu, liba nezindawo zokuvakasha eziqondisiwe yiBrontë Society, ebuyise zonke izinhlobo zezinto zomndeni.

Namuhla kugujwa iminyaka engama-200 kwazalwa uCharlotte Brontë, umdali walokho okubhekwa njengomunye wemisebenzi emikhulu yezincwadi zesiNgisi kanye nophawu lobufazi obubhaliwe okuthe, naphezu kokubandlululwa okuningi kwenkathi yamaVictoria, kwafinyelela ekhulwini lama-XNUMX lapho izokhombisa khona ukuthonya kwayo ngokuphelele emasikweni nasemasikweni.