Umlando we-Miguel Delibes

Miguel Delibes placeholder image wayengumlobi owaziwayo waseSpain owazalwa ngo-1920 edolobheni laseCallilian iValladolid. Eqeqeshwe ngokuqinile futhi enemisebenzi emibili ngemuva kwakhe efana neLaw and Commerce, uDelibes ubambe izikhundla ezibalulekile emaphephandabeni, waba ngumqondisi wephephandaba i-El Norte de Castilla lapho aqala khona ukushicilela.

UDelibes bekuyindoda enezinto zokuzilibazisa ezazaziwa kubo bonke futhi phakathi kwalapho sithola khona ukuzingela nebhola. Ukuzingelwa kuvela kumanoveli akhe amaningi, kugqamisa umsebenzi omkhulu othi "Abangcwele Abangenacala", kamuva owathathwa wahanjiswa ebhayisikobho ngokudlala kahle kukaPaco Rabal endimeni yama-Azaria futhi ibhola kwakudlalwa ngalo ezindabeni ezahlukahlukene kulokho umbhali unikeze ifomu lemibhalo emizweni yokuthi lo mdlalo omuhle umshiye.

Ukuhlukaniswa bekuyinto ejwayelekile kakhulu kuDelibes, owaqokwa njengelungu leRoyal Academy ngo-1973 futhi osethole imiklomelo eminingi, okubandakanya iNational Literature Award, iCritics Award, iNational Literature Award, i INkosana yase-Asturias noma iCervantes.

Ekugcineni naseneminyaka engama-89 uDelibes washona ngo-2010 ngo Valladolid, umuzi owawumbonile ezalwa.

Izincwadi zikaMiguel Delibes

UMiguel Delibes wayeyindoda ezwakalayo uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala. Umbhali owaziwa kakhulu yizinoveli, eyokuqala yazo "Isithunzi se-cypress side kakhulu", owathola umklomelo. Kodwa-ke, yize ashicilela amanoveli kusuka ngo-1948, iqiniso yilokho Wabuye washicilela izindaba eziningana, izincwadi zokuvakasha, izincwadi zokuzingela, ama-eseyi nezindatshana. Abanye baziwa kangcono kunabanye, kepha cishe bonke abaziwa ngenxa yamanoveli abo.

Enye ye izici zepeni likaMiguel Delibes ngokungangabazeki yikhono analo lokwakha abalingiswa. Lokhu kuqinile futhi kunokwethenjelwa ngokuphelele, okwenza umfundi azwelane nabo kwasekuqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengombhali oqaphelayo, wakwazi ukuphinda enze lokho ayekubonile wakwakha ngendlela ayithandayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yiqiniso afaka ngalo imisebenzi yakhe.

Phakathi kwezincwadi ezaziwa kakhulu zombhali esingaziqokomisa:

• Isithunzi se-cypress side (ngo-1948, umklomelo kaNadal 1947)

• Umgwaqo (1950)

• Indodana yami ekhonzwe nguSisi (1953)

• Idayari yomzingeli (1955, Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wezincwadi)

• Amagundane (1962, Abagxeki Umklomelo)

• Isikhulu esakhishwa esihlalweni sobukhosi (1973)

• Abangcwele abangenacala (1981)

• Izincwadi zothando ezivela ku-sexagenarian yokuziqhenya (1983)

• I-Lady in Red ku-Grey Background (1991)

• Umhlubuki (1998, Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wezincwadi)

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuluma okuhlukile kufanele kube yizincwadi A novelist discovers America (1956); Ukuzingelwa kweSpain (1972); I-Adventures, inhlanhla nokungahleleki kahle komzingeli emsileni (1979); I-Castilla, i-Castilian kanye ne-Castilians (1979); ISpain 1939-1950: Ukufa nokuvuka kwenoveli (2004).

Imiklomelo

Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe njengombhali, UMiguel Delibes uthole imiklomelo eminingi nokuhlonishwa emisebenzini yakhe, kanye nakuye. Owokuqala abamnika wona kwakungo-1948 wenoveli yakhe "Umthunzi we-cypress uvulekile". Kungumklomelo kaNadal omenze waziwa kangcono nezincwadi zakhe zaheha ukunakwa.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-1955, wawina iNational Narrative Prize, hhayi nje ngenoveli, kodwa "Idayari yomzingeli", uhlobo aludlalile futhi eminyakeni embalwa yempilo yakhe.

Umklomelo we-Fastenrath ka-1957, ophathelene neRoyal Spanish Academy, awuthola ngenye yezincwadi zakhe, "Ukuqhaqhazela ngomoya waseningizimu."

Le miklomelo emithathu ibibaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe. Kodwa-ke, kwaze kwaba yiminyaka engama-25 kamuva lapho wakwazi ukuwina umklomelo omusha, iNkosana yase-Asturias de las Letras, eyanikezwa uMiguel Delibes ngo-1982.

Kusukela ngalolo suku, i- imiklomelo nokuhlonishwa kwakulandelwa cishe unyaka owodwa. Ngakho-ke, wathola uDokotela honisisusa waseNyuvesi yaseValladolid e1983; ngo-1985 waqokwa njengoK Knight we-Order of Arts and Letters eFrance; WayeyiNdodana ethandwayo eValladolid ngo-1986 noDokotela honissausa yi-Complutense University of Madrid (ngo-1987), wase-University of Sarre (ngo-1990), wase-University of Alcalá de Henares (ngo-1996), nase-University of Salamanca (ngo-2008); kanye nendodana yokutholwa kaMolledo, eCantabria, e2009.

Mayelana nemiklomelo, eminye iyaphawuleka, njengeCity of Barcelona Award (yencwadi yakhe ethi, Wood of a Hero); Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wezincwadi ZaseSpain (1991); Umklomelo weMiguel de Cervantes (1993); Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wokulandisa ka-El hereje (1999; noma Umklomelo We-Vocento Wamanani Abantu (2006).

Ukushintshwa kwezincwadi zikaDelibes zefilimu nethelevishini

Ngenxa yokuphumelela kwezincwadi zikaMiguel Delibes, abaningi baqala ukuzibuka ukuze bazivumelanise nefilimu nethelevishini.

Ukulungiswa kokuqala komunye wemisebenzi yakhe kwakungokwezamabhayisikobho, nenoveli yakhe i-El camino (eyabhalwa ngo-1950) futhi yaguqulwa yaba yifilimu ngo-1963. Iwona kuphela umsebenzi osuye waguqulwa, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-1978, ochungechungeni lwethelevishini olwenziwe ngezahluko ezinhlanu.

Kusukela ngo-1976, Imisebenzi kaDelibes yaba yisizinda sokuzivumelanisa namafilimu, ukwazi ukubona izincwadi ngesithombe sangempela Indodana yami uSisi, eyaqanjwa kwifilimu iFamily Portrait; Inkosana ekhishwe esihlalweni sobukhosi, ngempi kaDaddy; noma okunye kokushaya kwakhe okukhulu, Abamsulwa abangcwele, lapho u-Alfredo Landa uqobo noFrancisco Rabal bathola khona indondo yokusebenza kahle kwabesilisa eCannes.

Okokugcina kwemisebenzi eguquliwe kwaba Idayari yomuntu othathe umhlalaphansi kwifilimu i-A Perfect Couple (1997) ne-Antonio Resines, uMabel Lozano ...

Izintshisakalo ZikaMiguel Delibes

Esinye sezimanga zikaMiguel Delibes ongasivakashela uma udlula eValladolid ukuthi, endlini efanayo lapho azalelwa khona, kuRecoletos street, okukhona namanje, kukhona uqwembe olunombhalo ovela kumbhali othi: "Nginjengomuthi okhula lapho utshalwe khona", okuhunyushwa ngokuthi bekungakhathalekile ukuthi ukuphi emhlabeni, ukwazile ukuzivumelanisa nokuchuma ngobuciko bakhe.

Umsebenzi wakhe wobuciko waqala ngokwenza opopayi, hhayi ukubhala. Opopayi bokuqala bavela ephephandabeni i- "El Norte de Castilla", umsebenzi awuthola ngenxa yokufunda eSchool of Arts and Crafts. Kodwa-ke, ngaleso sikhathi iphephandaba lalilincane kakhulu futhi zonke izandla zazisetshenziselwa ukwenza eminye imisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva nje kokukhombisa ikhwalithi yemibhalo ayenayo futhi waqala ukubhala kuyo. Ukufika lapho, ngemuva kwesikhathi, waba ngumqondisi wephephandaba, yize kwakudingeka ashiye phansi isikhathi sikaFranco ngenxa yengcindezi ayenayo.

Empeleni, yize wayeka ubuntatheli ngendima yakhe njengombhali, lapho kuphela inkathi kaFranco, iphephandaba "El País" limnikeze ukuba abe ngumqondisi futhi baze bamlinga nangobunye bobubi bakhe obukhulu kunabo bonke: inkundla yokuzingela yangasese eduze kwaseMadrid. UDelibes wamenqaba ngoba wayengafuni ukusuka kwiValladolid yakhe.

Into egqamile yindlela aqala ngayo ukubhala izincwadi. Abaningi bayazi ukuthi imyuziyamu yakhe yangempela kwakungumkakhe, u-Ángeles de Castro. Okungenzeka ukuthi akuzange kuhlobene kangako ukuthi, iminyaka yokuqala yombhali, wayenesilinganiso sencwadi eyodwa ngonyaka. Kodwa futhi ubenengane ngonyaka.

Enye yemishwana ebaluleke kakhulu yombhali, ngaphandle kokungabaza: "Abantu abangenazo izincwadi bangabantu abayizithulu."

UMiguel Delibes washada nonkosikazi wakhe ngo-1946. Kodwa-ke, wadlula emhlabeni ngo-1974, washiya umbhali wagcina esekucindezelekeni okukhulu okwadala ukuthi izincwadi zakhe zihlukaniswe ngesikhathi. Ama-Delibes abelokhu ebhekwa njenge- umuntu odabukile, odabukile, othukuthele ... futhi ingxenye yalokho kuhlekisa kwakudalwe ukulahleka kothando lwakhe olukhulu nemuseum.