I-Alexandria Quartet uchungechunge lwamanoveli -Justine, Balthazar, UMountolive y UClea- eyenziwe ngumbhali waseBrithani uLawrence G. Durrell. Obengumbongi futhi odumile, umbhali wemidlalo yokudlala, umbhali wezincwadi zokuvakasha kanye nemilando yabantu. Ngenkathi le tetralogy ibingumsebenzi wakhe ohlonishwa kakhulu ngenxa yenhloso yakhe, efana I-Avignon Quintet, chaza ukuhlobana kwemvelo yomuntu.
Ngalesi sizathu, uDurrell udale impikiswano ngokususelwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kweqembu labangane ababelana ngengxenye yempilo yabo yansuku zonke edolobheni lase-Alexandria, eGibhithe. (Ngaphambi nangemva kweNdebe Yomhlaba Yesibili). Ngokulinganayo, ngenxa yendlela ethile yokulethwa ngakunye, kutholakala izinhlobo ezine ezahlukahlukene, iyaphikisana futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, iyahambisana yendaba efanayo.
Amanye amaqiniso ngomlobi
Indodana yabahlali baseBrithani, uLawrence George Durrell wazalelwa eJalandar, eNdiya, ngoFebhuwari 27, 1912. Wathunyelwa ukuyofunda eNgilandi, ushintsho angakaze alwamukele futhi kwaba nethonya elibi ekuhlaleni kwabo eyunivesithi. Ngemuva kwalokho, impendulo yalesi simo kwaba ukuzinikela ekubhaleni. Ngakho kwavela iqoqo lakhe lokuqala lezinkondlo, Isiqephu se-Quaint (1931), okwakwamukelwa okuphakathi.
Ngo-1938 yashicilelwa Incwadi emnyama, ukulandisa okugcwele izindima zomlando womuntu ezaba impumelelo yokuqala yombhali waseBrithani. Ngemuva kwalokho ku UCefalu (1948) - inoveli yakhe yokuqala— wahlola ukukhathazeka kwakhe okubaluleke kakhulu kwezomqondo futhi wakhomba ukuqala komsebenzi odumile ngaphakathi kohlobo. UDurrell washonela eSommières, eFrance, ngoNovemba 8, 1990.
Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu
- Iseli likaProspero (1945)
- Ukucabanga ngeVenus yasolwandle (1955)
- Ulamula omunyu (1957)
- I-Tunc (1968)
- I-Nunquam (1970)
- I-carousel yaseSicilian (1977)
- I-Avignon Quintet (1985)
- Umbono weProvence (1989)
Ukuhlaziywa I-Alexandria Quartet
U-Lawrence G. Durrell wayefuna ukuchaza ku-quartet yakhe umbono wesikhathi sasemkhathini esidalulwe ngu-Albert Einstein emcabangweni wakhe wokuhlobana ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ngamazwi ombhali uqobo, le saga - Okumenze wafa njengombhali— iveza njenge-axis emaphakathi "uphenyo lothando lwesimanje."
Ngokufanayo, abafundi nabahlaziyi bemibhalo babheka le ngxenye njenge ukumelwa okuhle kakhulu kwezenzakalo ezenzeka eGibhithe ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Ngalo mqondo, ivolumu ngayinye ye-tetralogy ikhombisa ukuthi izinhlamvu ezifanayo ezihlelwe kumongo ofanayo zinganconywa ngombono ohlukile futhi zihunyushwe ngokuhlukile.
Inhloso nezingxenye ze-tetralogy
Ngaphansi kwezinhloso ezibalulwe esigabeni esandulele, UDurrell wenza uchungechunge lwezincwadi ezine ezakha yonke inoveli. Izintathu zokuqala, -Justine, Balthazar y UMountolive- bamele ubukhulu besikhala se-Euclidean. Ngakho-ke, indaba empeleni igxile endabeni efanayo, kepha ngokubuka okuhlukile.
Kakade embhalweni wesine, UClea, umbhali ufake nobukhulu besikhashana. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuqhubeka kwendaba nomphumela we-tetralogy kungenzeka. Noma kunjalo UDurrell wehlulekile ukudlulisela kubafundi bakhe ukuqonda okungcono ngemibono ka-Einstein, Kubonakala sengathi icacisa eminye imibuzo mayelana el amor zanamuhla.
Iphrojekthi yasekuqaleni
Ochwepheshe bezemfundo bavame ukugqamisa i-anecdote yokuthi uLawrence George Durrell wayidala kanjani i-quartet. Njengoba ukwakheka kokuqala komsebenzi wobungcweti waseBrithani kwakumele ukumela inkolelo-mbono yesayensi… Ekugcineni, kwaba yinhle inoveli itholwe njengefa kusukela ngekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi yaziswa kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.
Amanani wangaphakathi
UDurrell wasebenzisa iqembu labangane elalikhona ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II ukunweba imicabango yakhe. Mayelana nalokhu, umbhali wamanoveli waseBrithani uveza ukugqama kuka dinani langempela lobungani phakathi kwabantu abakwazi ukukhombisa ubungani yize behlukene.
Ngokwengeziwe, abagxeki abaningi bavumile ukuwudumisa lo msebenzi ngokumelwa okucacile kwedolobha elichazwe ngokunethezeka okukhulu kwemininingwane. Eqinisweni, idolobha elikhulu libukeka njengomlingiswa oyedwa. Ngokwamazwi ombhali, “idolobha ebelisisebenzisa sengathi siyizimbali zalo, elisibandakanye ezingxabanweni ebezingezalo futhi ngephutha sayikholelwa eyethu, i-Alexandria ethandekayo”.
Isifingqo
Justine (1957)
Isitolimende sokuqala senzeka e-Alexandria ehlaba umxhwele (kepha eyejwayelekile) ngawo-1930. Lapha umbhali uchaza indaba yothando phakathi kukaJustine oyindida futhi oyengayo noDarley, umbalisi wendaba.. Lesi sakamuva sitholakala ekuqaleni kwendaba esiqhingini esinesizungu saseGrisi ephelezelwa nguMelissa, intombazane eneminyaka emibili ubudala, indodakazi yalowo owayethandana naye.
Lapho - ngohlobo lokuhlehla - ukuhlala kwakhe e-Alexandria namanye amalungu endaba kuvusa izinkumbulo. Imayelana noBalthazar, Nessim noMountolive, izindaba zabo ezihlangene ebudlelwaneni obumangalisayo bothando, ubungani nokukhaphela. Ngendlela efanayo, Ngokubukwa kwalaba balingisi, ubuhlakani nendlela yokuphila yalelo dolobha lase-Afrika kuyabonakala.
Balthazar (1958)
Encwadini yesibili yesaga, amaqiniso nesikhathi esethulwayo kuyafana nalokho Justine. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi amaqiniso akhonjiswa ngokombono kaDkt. Balthazar, obona uJustine njengowesifazane obalayo, obandayo futhi ogcwele izinhloso ezimnyama. Ngakho-ke, kuye ubudlelwane obuphakathi kwakhe noDarley buvela ohlelweni oluphikisana nomusa wothando.
UMountolive (1959)
Esitolimeni sesithathu, kwenzeka okunye ukushintsha kombono; ligxile kunxusa omncane waseNgilandi uDavid Mountolive. Lo mlingisi uhlala ebudlelwaneni obunothando nowesifazane omdala kunaye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubambe iqhaza kutulo lwezepolitiki. Ngemuva kwakhe kukhona uJustine noNessim, ngakho-ke, ukugxila kwendaba kuwela othandweni nasekukhohliseni kwamandla ezombusazwe.
UClea (1960)
U-Lawrence George Durrell waphetha i-tetralogy yakhe ngokuseduze nomsebenzi omuhle ongalibaleki. UClea, kuletha isimilo ku-saga ngokubalisa izindlela nemiphumela ethathwa yibo bonke abalingiswa lapho impi iphela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uJustine uvaleleke lapho ehlala khona kanti uMountolive ushiya i-Alexandria.
Esikhundleni salokho, uDarley ubuyela edolobheni, naphezu kokucekela phansi kwempi, elingazange lilahlekelwe ubuhle balo. Ngokwengxenye yayo, UClea, umlingiswa, ulindele uDarley lapho efika edolobheni ngaphandle kokuba nomqondo owakhelwe ngaphambili ngaye noma ngemicimbi ezayo. Ekugcineni, bobabili bayamangala ngothando.
UClea kanye nefa le-tetralogy
Ekubuyekezweni nasekuhlaziyweni okuningi kwemibhalo, UClea Kubhekiswa njengokuthweswa imiqhele komlando ukusebenza kwawo okungenakonakala. Ngokufanayo, le ncwadi ivumela ukuqonda okucacile kwaso sonke isakhiwo esakhiwe kwizitolimende zangaphambilini. Ngalesi sizathu, isitolimende sakamuva sithathwa ngabagxeki njengombhalo ogcine ngokuguqula i-quartet ibe wubuciko obuyiqiniso.