Izwe LikaFernando Aramburu.
Patria uthathwa njengomsebenzi wokunikezela wombhali waseSpain uFernando Aramburu, ngenxa yalokhu, yamukelwe ngokufanele ngokuphelele iNational Narrative Award 2017. Kuyindaba engafakwanga kahle ngomphakathi waseBasque phakathi kwesimo sezepolitiki esiyinkimbinkimbi esidonse isifunda saseBasque kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX kuze kube sekuqaleni kwenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka.
Ukwahlukaniswa okwenziwe yinqubo yokuzimela ezweni laseBasque kudale imiphumela ebabazekayo nanamuhla, njengoba kukhonjisiwe yimibhikisho yakamuva evumela ukudedelwa kwabantu abaxhumene nezenzo zeqembu elihlukanisa i-ETA noma emidlalweni yebhola phakathi kwe-Athletic Club de Bilbao neReal Sociedad de San Sebastián, abalandeli bayo abamemeze kakhulu ngokuthukwa ngezimo zezepolitiki futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ziye zafinyelela ngisho nasekulweni komzimba.
Sobre el autor
UFernando Aramburu wazalelwa eSan Sebastián, eSpain, ngo-1959. Ukhulele emndenini ohola kancane waphothula iziqu zakhe ngonyaka we-1982 efunda iziqu ze-BA kwi-Hispanic Philosophy e-University of Zaragoza. Wayeyingxenye yokusungulwa kweGrupo CLOC de Arte y Desarte, egxile kakhulu ekuzideleni nasekusebenzeni kwezolimo. Kusukela ngo-1985 wathuthela eHannover, eJalimane.
Izwe laseJalimane lizoba yindawo yakhe yokuhlala, lapho washada khona, waba nezingane zakhe ezimbili futhi wakhonza njengothisha wolimi lweSpanishi enzalweni yabafuduki eRhineland, umsebenzi awenza kwaze kwaba ngu-2009, lapho ethatha isinqumo sokuzinikela kuphela ezincwadini. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Aramburu wayeseneminyaka eyi-14 selokhu kwakhishwa incwadi yakhe yokuqala, Imililo enelamula (1996).
Ukuqashelwa kwakhe kokuqala okubalulekile kwavela esandleni sika Iminyaka engasheshi, incwadi yakhe yesithupha eshicilelwe, owathola iTusquets Novel Prize ngo-2011. Ukwethulwa kwe- Patria kusukela ngonyaka ka-2016, ukulandisa kwakhe kwamakhasi angaphezu kuka-600 ngodlame olwaluhlala ezweni lakubo kwaba yimpumelelo phakathi kwabagxeki bokuhlela kanye nomphakathi, okufakazelwa yimiklomelo yakhe eminingi ayithola, phakathi kwayo okukhona Umklomelo Wabagxeki ka-2017 kanye noFrancisco Umbral Umklomelo weNcwadi Yonyaka. Akusizi ngalutho le ncwadi okunye okufundwa kakhulu eSpain, Mexico, Argentina naseColombia.
Enye yezincwadi ezibalulekile zikaFernando Aramburu yile Icilongo lase-Utopia (2003), Kuthathwe kubhayisikobho enegama le- Ngaphansi kwezinkanyezi (2007). Le filimu ezoba ngumnqobi wemiklomelo emibili yodumo yamaGoya. Umbhali waseBasque ubuye wagqama emsebenzini wakhe wokuba ngumhumushi, imbongi nombalisi wezindaba zezingane; Eminyakeni yamuva ungene kulolu hlobo lwe-aphorism ngezincwadi ezahlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi ephephandabeni i-El País).
Ubuningi bempikiswano yePatria
Ngenkathi impikiswano ye- Patria igxile ngqo esifundeni saseBasque, incazelo yezinqubo eziholela ekuziphatheni ngokweqile kwezepolitiki isisusa eseqa imingcele, enezici ezivamile ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene lapho kwenzeka khona. Ngaphandle kokuthi izwe ngalinye linezici zalo, izingxabano ngezindawo nokuhlukaniswa koMbuso cishe njalo kuholela ezingxabanweni nasekufeni, okungenakugwemeka?
UFernando Aramburu.
Izindaba ezifana nokuqinisekiswa kwamalungelo abantu, ubuphekula, ubunikazi bamasiko kanye nokwehlukana komndeni kanye nomphakathi njengomphumela wobufandamentali obunemibono kubonakala emlandweni wakamuva wezizwe eziningi. Izindaba zabaphikisi mayelana nokuwohloka kokuxhumana kwabantu zihamba ikakhulukazi kumbuthano wakhe oseduze kakhulu womuntu.
Inkulumo yasekhaya nguFernando Aramburu.
Ngokwalesi sizathu, Patria Ukufundwa okunconyelwe kakhulu ukuqonda izindlela zobudlelwano bamazwe omhlaba emhlabeni namuhla. Ngokwengeziwe, uFernando Aramburu ukwazile ukugcina umfundi exhunywe kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni kule noveli ngenxa yesitayela sayo sokulandisa nokufakwa kwemicimbi yangempela.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindaba
Ukungqubuzana kwezepolitiki phakathi kwe-Eta nezwe laseBasque
I-Aramburu idale umsebenzi okhuluma ngesinye sezigameko ezimbi kakhulu (uma kungenjalo ezimbi kakhulu) ezenzekile emlandweni wakamuva waseSpain. Kubonisa ukungqubuzana kwezepolitiki phakathi kwe-ETA nezwe laseBasque kukho konke ukungcola kwayo. Enye yezimfanelo zayo ezinkulu ukuvezwa kwemibono eyehlukene, inikeze le ndaba iphuzu elifanele lokunikeza isikhala kuwo wonke amazwi ahilelekile.
Ubulungiswa bendaba
Ngakho-ke umbono wokuqala umfundi awutholayo umuzwa wobulungiswa. Lokhu kunzima impela ukukufeza uma ucabanga ukuthi kungaba buhlungu kanjani emindenini yababulewe. Ngokulandelana, ngaphakathi kokulandisa okufanayo amagama athi "amaphekula" ahambisana ngokuphelele nalawo gudari (isosha). Yomibili imiqondo ibhekise kumuntu we-ETA ogwetshwe ejele.
Le noveli igxile empilweni ezweni laseBasque ngemuva kokuthi i-ETA ishiye umzabalazo ohlomile. Ubuhlungu bemindeni, bobabili ababulewe nalabo abasejele, kumele bunqotshwe ukuze kupholiswe amanxeba ukuze kwakheke umphakathi lapho wonke umuntu ezokwazi ukubekezelelana ukuba aphile ndawonye ngokuthula. Amakhasi angaphezu kuka-600 akhuluma ngale ndaba ebucayi angadinisa.
Ukulandisa okugxilisa
Nokho, ukwakhiwa kwezinhlamvu ezenziwa nguFernando Aramburu kusibekela umfundi ngokushesha. Umbhali udala uketshezi lokulandisa oluqhathaniswa ngokuphelele nomoya oshubile noshubile lapho kwenzeka khona imicimbi. Okungaziwa okuzungeze abanye babalingiswa abaphambili akuxazululwa kuze kube kumakhasi okugcina enoveli. Lokhu okungenhla bekuyisihluthulelo sombhali ukugcina intshisekelo yomfundi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali uchaza ngendlela enobuhlakani abantu baseBasque. U-Aramburu uqokomise isimilo esihle, eqondile, ethembekile kubahlali nokuthi impikiswano yezepolitiki yabahlukanisa kanjani abantu. Umbhali ubuye wethula ukwesaba njengesici esinqumayo sokuhlakazeka komphakathi, ngaphezu kokukholelwa kwabanye babalingiswa.
I "akukho mqondo wokubi" njengesikhungo sesakhiwo
I-Patria iyinoveli eholela ekubonisweni okujulile ngabaseSpain ngezinqubo zokuhlukanisa e-Euskadi futhi, muva nje, eCatalonia. Yize engabhekiseli ngqo ekutheni ngabe bekukhona noma cha ukuhlukunyezwa nguhulumeni waseSpain, u-Aramburu ukubeke kwacaca ukuthi umkhakha wezomthetho kumele uhlonishwe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Inkulumo yasekhaya nguFernando Aramburu.
Ekugcineni, Kungashiwo ukuthi umlayezo onamandla amakhulu umbhali awushiya nomsebenzi wakhe ukukhomba ukungabi nangqondo kobubi. Akunandaba ukuthi isukaphi, asikho isizathu. Awawona amaqiniso amukela izinyathelo eziyingxenye noma izikhundla eziphakathi, ububi abunakuthethelelwa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, noma ngabe kweqise kangakanani. Khomba.