Inkulumo yasekhaya nguFernando Aramburu.
U-Fernando Aramburu ungomunye wababhali bamanoveli abagqama kakhulu endaweni yemibhalo yesimanje yaseSpain. Nakuba ebhala kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-90, kungonyaka ka-2016 lapho athola khona udumo ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe. Patria (2016). Yindaba ekhombisa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 yokwesaba eyafakwa yi-ETA endaweni.
Patria umake ngaphambi nangemuva komsebenzi wakhe njengombhali. Ngale ncwadi uthole ukuphawula okuhle kakhulu kubahlaziyi bemibhalo, abayibheka njengenoveli ekhumbulekayo. Selokhu kwashicilelwa lo msebenzi, i-Aramburu iwine imiklomelo evelele, phakathi kwabo: uFrancisco Umbral to the Book of the Year (2016), De la Critica (2017), Basque Literature in Spanish (2017), National Narrative (2017) kanye ne-International COVITE (2019).
Izincwadi zikaFernando Aramburu
Amehlo Angenalutho: I-Antibula Trilogy 1 (2000)
Yincwadi yesibili yombhali, futhi waqala ngayo I-Antibula Trilogy. Le noveli isethwe ezweni eliqanjiwe elinegama legama le-saga (Antíbula) futhi yenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX.. Indaba inegazi futhi idabukisa, kodwa inamazwibela ethemba ngezikhathi ezifanele; imininingwane yaleli tulo ilandiswa ngumntwana—isithelo sothando lomshoshaphansi phakathi kwentombazane yasedolobheni nomfokazi—.
Isiqubulo
Agasti 1916, Antibula, yonke into iphezulu: inkosi ibulewe futhi indlovukazi yayo izama ukuchezuka. Izwe selibheke ukubhekana nombuso wondlovukayiphikiswa, ngeke kusaba njengakuqala.
Njengoba lesi siphithiphithi sihlasela isifunda, isihambi esingaziwa ngenhla futhi uhlala endlini. Ikhuluma ngendoda engaqondakali efika ezweni ukhangwe indodakazi yakudala Cuiña —umnikazi wehostela ahlele ukuhlala kulo—.
Ngokuphikisana nezifiso zekhehla, abantu abasha baqala ubuhlobo, futhi isithelo sale nyunyana yazalwa isidalwa. Njengoba isikhathi sihamba, umfana omncane kufanele abhekane nokulahlwa nonya kukamkhulu wakhe, okuwumphumela wezinqumo ezimbi zabazali bakhe nezimo ezimbi ezidla izwe.
Nokho, ebonga uthando lukanina ukuzola okwazi ukukuthola imibhalo ayithandayo yemibhalo, ingane ithola umfutho wokuntanta futhi ungayeki, isimo sengqondo esiwujuqu emlandweni.
Icilongo lase-Utopia (2003)
Yinoveli yesithathu yombhali. Yanyatheliswa e-Barcelona ngo-February 2003. Le ncwadi yenzeka phakathi kweMadrid ne-Estella, inezahluko ezingama-32 ezihlukaniswa ukusetshenziswa okucebile kolimi. Indaba inokuthinta okunembayo kwamahlaya amnyama - okufana nombhali - futhi yethula abalingisi abakhohlakele, abasondelene, abangabantu, abenze kahle kakhulu.
Isiqubulo
U-Benito ungumuntu ongamashumi amathathu nantathu owashiya inyuvesi futhi usebenza endaweni yokucima ukoma yaseMadrid ebizwa ngokuthi i-Utopía.. Ngaphandle komsebenzi wakhe endaweni yokucima ukoma, uke adlale icilongo ngethemba lokuthi kukhona ozolithokozela ikhono lakhe. unempilo ekhululekile nomzimba wakhe umemeza ubufakazi bawo: mncane, uphaphathekile futhi uguqukile.
Ngenxa yeshwa lomndeni, insizwa kumelwe ithuthele edolobheni lakubo, e-Estella —enyakatho yeSpain—: uyise uyafa. Naphezu kokungabi nobuhlobo obuhle kakhulu naye, unquma ukuya ngokuphikelela komlingani wakhe, uPauli, nangenxa yefa elingenzeka. Nakuba uBenito ayecabanga ukuthi uhambo lwakhe lwaluzoba lula "woza futhi uhambe", izenzakalo ezimbalwa zashintsha zonke izinhlelo zakhe, ngisho nempilo yakhe.
Ukuphila kwentwala okuthiwa uMatías (2004)
Yinoveli yezingane nentsha umbhali ayibhale njenge: "Indaba yabantu abasha kusukela eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kuya kwamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalombili ubudala". Incwadi yisingathekiso umlingiswa wakhe oyintwala okuthiwa nguMatías, olandisa ngomuntu wokuqala izigigaba zakhe ezweni lakhe elincane neliyingozi.
Isiqubulo
UMatías uyintwala osekukhulile kakade enquma ukutshela impilo yakhe nokuthi ukwazile kanjani ukuphila endaweni yakhe encane.. Wazalelwa entanyeni yomqhubi wesitimela, isikhala esikhulu esinezinwele eziluhlaza kanye nesigqoko esivamile se-corduroy. Ebukhoneni bayo kwakufanele ibekezele: izivunguvungu ezinamagwebu, umoya oshisayo ovela kumshini wokomisa kanye neminwe eyesabekayo enwayayo.
Ngolunye usuku unquma ukuthatha ingozi kanye kanye nodadewabo iqala ukuhamba izindlela ezintsha ifuna isiphethu eduze nendlebe. Kodwa izintwala ezingenacala ziwela ezandleni zenkosi uCaspa, ebaphoqa ukuthi basebenze ekwakheni isigodlo sayo. Lokhu kungahambi kahle kuba yingxenye enzima kakhulu yempilo yakhe: Walamba futhi woma, wathandana, waba nezingane futhi wathola izeluleko kwezinye izintwala ezindala.
Patria (2016)
Ibhalwe ngabahlaziyi bemibhalo njengenye yamanoveli abaluleke kakhulu ka-Aramburu. Itulo lenzeka edolobheni eliqanjiwe e-Guipúzcoa, lapho iqembu lamaphekula i-ETA lasebenzisa ingcindezelo yezombusazwe. Indaba ichaza isikhathi eside sokungqubuzana kweBasque, kusukela ekuhlaselweni kokuqala ngo-1968 iminyaka emva kwe-Francoism- kufika ku-2011lapho kumenyezelwa ukumiswa kokudubula.
I-Basque Country Landscape
Isiqubulo
Ngo 2011, isikhathi ngemuva kokuthi i-ETA ibulele u-Txato Lertxundi, iqembu lamavukela-mbuso lanquma ukupha ukuphela kwengxabano yezikhali. Ngemva kwalezi zindaba, umfelokazi kasomabhizinisi wanquma ukubuyela kulo muzi okwake kwadingeka ukuba abaleke nomndeni wakhe ngenxa yengcindezelo ka-abertzale.
Naphezu kokumiswa kwezikhali, UBittori kwadingeka abuyele ngokucophelela, yingakho efike ngasese endaweni. Nokho, ukuba khona kwakhe kwaphawulwa: ukungezwani kwakhula futhi kwavezwa ukuzingela kuye nakubantu bakhe.
Sobre el autor
UFernando Aramburu U-Irigoyen wazalwa ngoJanuwari 4, 1959 eSan Sebastian, Izwe laseBasque (Spain). Wakhulela emndenini othobekile futhi ozikhandlayo. Uyise wayeyisisebenzi kanti umama wakhe umama wekhaya. Wafunda esikoleni sika-Augustinian futhi kusukela esemncane wayengumfundi okhuthele, othanda izinkondlo kanye neshashalazi..
Wangena eNyuvesi yaseZaragoza futhi wafunda i-Hispanic Philology, futhi wathola iziqu zakhe ngo-1983. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayeyingxenye yeGrupo CLOC de Arte y Desarte, lapho enza khona imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izinkondlo namahlaya. Ngo-1985 wathuthela eJalimane —ngemva kokuthandana nomfundi ongumJalimane—, lapho aba uthisha weSpanishi.
Ngo-1996 washicilela inoveli yakhe yokuqala: Imililo enelamula, ukuphikisana kwakhe kwakusekelwe kulokho abhekana nakho EQenjini le-CLOC. Kamuva washicilela ezinye izindaba, phakathi kwazo okulandelayo okugqamayo: Amehlo angenalutho (2000), Bami asikho isithunzi (2005) futhi Iminyaka engasheshi (2012). Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi owathuthukisa umsebenzi wakhe kwaba Patria (2016), okwakwazi ngayo ukuthengisa amakhophi angaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa futhi yahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi.
Ngaphezu kwamanoveli akhe, ISpanishi sishicilele izinkondlo, izindaba ezimfushane, ama-aphorisms, izindatshana nezinguqulo. Futhi, eminye yemisebenzi yakhe iguqulelwe kwifilimu, yaseshashalazini kanye nethelevishini, kunjalo:
- Ngaphansi kwezinkanyezi (2007, ifilimu), ukulungiswa kwe Umshayi wecilongo wase-Utopia, owine izindondo ezimbili zeGoya.
- impilo a intwala kubizwa Matías (2009). Iguqulelwe kwitiyetha ye-puppet yinkampani i-El Espejo Negro. Iwine indondo yeMax yohlelo lwezingane oluhamba phambili.
- Uchungechunge lweThelevishini Izwe lakithi, ekhiqizwe yi-HBO futhi yakhululwa ngo-2020.
Izincwadi zikaFernando Aramburu
- Imililo enelamula (1996)
- I-Antibula Trilogy:
- Amehlo angenalutho (2000)
- Bami asikho isithunzi (2005)
- UMarivian omkhulu (2013)
- Icilongo lase-Utopia (2003)
- Ukuphila kwentwala okuthiwa uMatías (2004)
- Hamba noClara udlule eJalimane (2010)
- Iminyaka engasheshi (2012)
- ukuzenzisa okuhahayo (2014)
- Patria (2016)
- Ama-swifts (2021)