U-Ana Maria Matute

Phakathi kohlu olukhulu lwababhali baseSpain, elinye lamagama anosonhlamvukazi okufanele ligqanyiswe, ngaphandle kokungabaza, U-Ana Maria Matute, umbhali wamanoveli waseSpain okwazile ukuba yilungu leRoyal Spanish Academy ehlezi esihlalweni sika-'K' futhi wawina uMklomelo we-Cervantes.

Kodwa ubani u-Ana María Matute? Kungani ibhekwa njengenye yezincwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu zekhulu lama-XNUMX eSpain? Sizoyithola ngezansi.

Ubani u-Ana María Matute

U-Ana María Matute Ausejo wazalwa ngoJulayi 26, 1925 e-Barcelona. Wayeyindodakazi yesibili emndenini wonxiwankulu baseCatalan, obonakala ngokuba nokholo kanye nemithetho eqinile. Ubaba wakhe kwakungu-Facundo Matute Torres, umnikazi wefekthri yezambulela yase-Matute SA. Umama wakhe kwakungu-María Ausejo Matute. Esewonke amalungu abeyi-7, izingane ezi-5 nabazali.

Ubuntwana buka-Ana María Matute babungekho e-Barcelona, ​​​​kodwa eMadrid. Nokho, izindaba azibhalile ngokuvamile azigxili kule ndawo.

Lapho eneminyaka emine, umbhali wesikhathi esizayo wagula futhi lokho kwabangela ukuba umndeni wonke uthuthele eMansilla de la Sierra, lapho ugogo nomkhulu wakhe babevela khona, ngenxa yempilo yakhe, eLa Rioja.

Ella Wayengomunye "wamantombazane" aphila phakathi neMpi Yombango YaseSpain ka-1936, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-11 ubudala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ubudlova, ukufa, inzondo, ubumpofu, njll. Kwakuyizimo abhekana nazo futhi ezajula kuye, yingakho wakwazi ukubhala ngaleso sikhathi ngendlela engafani nabanye abantu.

La Inoveli yokuqala ka-Ana María Matute yayineminyaka engu-17. Yithiyetha Encane, nakuba ingazange ishicilelwe kwaze kwaba ngu-1950. Ngonyaka odlule, wethula inoveli yakhe ethi Luciérnagas yoMklomelo KaNadal, owagcina ukhishwe emzuliswaneni wokugcina, waphinde wahlolwa.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kunciphise imizamo yakhe yemibhalo yokuzakhela igama futhi waqhubeka nokushicilela iminyaka eminingana. Kangangoba ngo-1976 yaqokwa eNobel Prize for Literature.

Umsebenzi ka-Ana María Matute wawugxile kwezemfundo, njengoba wayenguprofesa waseyunivesithi. Wabuye wahamba kakhulu enikeza izinkulumo emadolobheni ahlukene aseSpain nawaseYurophu, kanye nase-United States.

En 1984 bathola uMklomelo Kazwelonke Wezincwadi Zezingane kanye Nezincwadi Zentsha nge "Unyawo olulodwa kuphela olungenalutho." Ngo-1996 omunye wemisebenzi yakhe emikhulu, "Inkosi Ekhohliwe u-Gudú", yaqala ukuduma kodwa, ngokungangabazeki, umcimbi omuhle kakhulu walowo nyaka kwaba lapho I-Royal Spanish Academy yamqamba njengelungu kanye nomnikazi wesihlalo u-K, ekubeni ngowesifazane wesithathu obeyingxenye yesikhungo.

Imiklomelo ithole eminingi, hhayi kuphela lezi esike sazibalula phambilini. Njengezibonelo, singakucaphuna: Umklomelo WePlaneta, Umklomelo KaNadal, Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wezincwadi ZaseSpain, owagcina kowamanqamu Womklomelo Wezincwadi WeNkosana yase-Asturias, Umklomelo kaMiguel de Cervantes ...

U-Ana María Matute othandweni

Impilo yakhe yothando ibe mnandi kakhulu. Futhi yilokho ngo-1952 washada nombhali futhi uRamón Eugenio de Goicoechea. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, kwazalwa indodana yakhe, uJuan Pablo, owanikezela kuyo imisebenzi eminingi yezingane.

Nokho, eminyakeni engu-11 kamuva wahlukana nomyeni wakhe futhi, ngenxa yemithetho yaseSpain yangaleso sikhathi, wayengenalo ilungelo lokubona indodana yakhe ngoba umgadi wawungeyena kodwa umyeni wakhe. Lokhu kwamenza waba nezinkinga ezingokomzwelo.

Ngemva kweminyaka, uthando lwangqongqoza emnyango wakhe futhi nosomabhizinisi uJulio Brocard. Kodwa ukufa kwakhe ngo-1990, kanye ngosuku lokuzalwa lomlobi, kwabangela ukucindezeleka okwakuvele kudonsela ngaphambili kwanda.

Ngeshwa, ngo-2014, u-Ana María Matute washona ngenxa yezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Iziphi izincwadi ozibhalile

Ibhalwe ngu-Ana María Matute singathola amanoveli amaningi, Kodwa mhlawumbe ongakwazi wukuthi ubebuye abe ngumbhali wezindaba nemidlalo yezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basesemfashinini futhi ngokuqinisekile abanye benu bafundile.

Ngokuqondile, futhi ngosizo lwe-Wikipedia, izihloko zazo zonke izincwadi zika-Ana María Matute zimi kanje (ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko):

Novelas

• U-Abela
• Izinkanyamba
• Iphathi yaseNorthwest
• Itiyetha encane
• Kuleli zwe
• Izingane ezifile
• Inkumbulo yokuqala
• Amasosha akhala ebusuku
• Abanye abafana
• Ugibe
• Inqaba yokulinda
• Ulwandle
• Inkosi ekhohliwe uGudú
• i-Aranmanoti
• Ipharadesi elingenamuntu
• Amademoni ajwayelekile.

Izindaba ezimfishane

• Umfana wakwamakhelwane
• Impilo encane
• Izingane ezingenangqondo
• Impilo entsha
• Isimo sezulu
• Uhhafu wendlela
• Umlando ka-Artámila
• Ophendukile
• Ezintathu nephupho
• Umfula
• I-Virgin yase-Antioquia nezinye izindaba
• Kusuka ndawo
• Isiphetho sangempela Sokulala Nobuhle
• Isihlahla Segolide
• Inkosi
• Indlu yemidlalo engavunyelwe
• Abasesitolo; Mfundisi; Bonke unya emhlabeni
• Umnyango wenyanga. Qedela izindaba
• Umculo.

Imisebenzi yezingane

• Izwe lebhodi
• Paulina, umhlaba nezinkanyezi
• Intethe Eluhlaza kanye Nomfundi
• Incwadi yokudlala yezingane zabanye
• Ihhashi elihlanyayo kanye ne-Carnavalito
• I-stowaway ye-"Ulises"
• Paulina
• Osanda kuzalwa
• Unyawo olulodwa nje olungenalutho
• Intethe eluhlaza
• Izimvu ezimnyama
• Zonke izindaba zami.

Imuphi umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ka-Ana María Matute?

U-Ana María Matute usishiyele imisebenzi eminingi ukuze simkhumbule futhi iqiniso liwukuthi ukukhetha eyodwa kuphela kuyo kuyinkimbinkimbi. Kuzo zonke azibhalayo, ezagqama kakhulu yilezo alandisa ngazo ngesikhathi sangemva kwempi, kodwa hhayi ngokombono womuntu omdala, kodwa ngokombono wezingane. Futhi ama-trilogies akhe abalulekile.

Kodwa yimuphi umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ka-Ana María Matute? Kulokhu, singacaphuna ezimbalwa zazo, kodwa Mhlawumbe lena eyenze umbhali aziwa kakhulu futhi eye yaba nokuhlolwa okuhle kakhulu Izingane Ezifile.

Ngale ncwadi, u-Ana María Matute wawina uMklomelo Kazwelonke Wokulandisa WaseSpain ngo-1959. Kodwa hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi Nomklomelo Wokugxekwa KweCastilian Narrative.

Ilandisa ngendaba yamadoda amabili, uDaniel, owayedingiselwe eFrance obuyela ezweni lakubo egula futhi engaphumelelanga; kanye noMiguel, indodana ye-anarchist ebuyela edolobheni lakubo futhi igcine ngokwenza ubugebengu.

Kungani le ncwadi? Awu, ngokusho kwabagxeki, ngoba Anjalo amandla nokumelela ubuhlungu, isizungu, ukuwohloka, njll. lokho kwenza abafundi bazizwe befana nalabo balingisi.

Iyiphi incwadi ka-Ana María Matute ayeyithanda kakhulu?

Ukubuza umbhali ukuthi iyiphi yezincwadi zakhe ayithanda kakhulu ukuzihlanganisa. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi, kubo, zonke izincwadi zinezingxenye abazithandayo futhi abakwazanga ukukhetha eyodwa. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona amanoveli nezincwadi ezithile ababhali abangazithanda kakhulu.

Endabeni ka-Ana María Matute, yena ngokwakhe wavuma ukuthi wayenentandokazi, Inkosi Ekhohliwe uGudú. Kuyo, umbhali wabekwa eNkathini Ephakathi, ikakhulukazi emvelaphi nokwandiswa kombuso wase-Olar, lapho intombazane eseningizimu, isidalwa esiyinqaba esihlala endaweni engaphansi kanye nomthakathi izowela izindlela zabo.

Njengoba ubona, akuyona incwadi evame ukuqashelwa ngayo. Futhi nokho kuyiphupho, i-adventure kanye nendlela edlulisa ngayo imizwa yothando, amandla, ububele, uthando, njll. okwenza kube yiyona ayithanda kakhulu.