Sonke sinencwadi ekhaya U-Archibald Joseph Cronin. Noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezindaba zabo kumanani wephepha lika-anyanisi ocolekile namakhekhe wesikhumba. Impela. Kulungile namhlanje, lokhu Udokotela nomlobi waseScotland Ngabe ngifezile iminyaka 122. Wayengumbhali wamanoveli owaphumelela kakhulu ngawo-40 nango-50, futhi enye yezinto zokuqala engangizisho, izincwadi ezindala Izigigaba zesikhwama esimnyama kulesembozo. Namuhla ngibuyekeza ezinye iziqu zakhe ngenkumbulo yesimo sakhe.
Impilo akuyona iphaseji eqondile futhi elula, esidlula kuyo ngaphandle kwezithiyo, kodwa uxhaxha lwezindima, lapho kufanele sithole indlela yethu, elahlekile futhi ngididekile kaninginingi nginamathele ekugcineni.
Kepha, uma sinokholo, uNkulunkulu uzohlala evula umnyango wokuthi noma kungahle kungabi yilokhu ebesikufuna, ekugcineni kuzoba kuhle kithi.AJ Cronin
U-Archibald Joseph Cronin
Wazalelwa IScotland ngoJulayi 19, 1896. Wayefuna ukuba ngumbhali kusukela esemncane, kodwa wanquma ukulandela izeluleko zomndeni futhi wabhalisela ukufunda imithi eNyuvesi yaseGlasgow. EMpini Yezwe I kwasebenza njenge udokotela kuNavy, futhi kamuva waphrakthiza ku- Amadolobha ezimayini zaseWales.
Wabekwa umhloli wezokwelapha ezimayini futhi wathunywa ukuthi afunde ukubaluleka kwesifo samaphaphu ezifundeni zezimayini zaseGreat Britain ngo-1924. Leso sehlakalo kanye nesalandela lapho enza khona izindawo eziningi zonxiwankulu eLondon wamsebenzela isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi umthombo wokuphefumlelwa ngomsebenzi wakho. Amanoveli akhe ahlangana ubuqiniso nothando ngokulahla umphakathi.
Ngo-1930, ngesikhathi sekhefu lezempilo, waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengombhali wenoveli Inqaba yenzondo, eyaphumelela kakhulu. Lapho-ke ubesecishe axhumanise ukushicilelwa kwamanye amanoveli anjenge Izintandokazi ezintathu, Eziqhingini zaseCanary nangaphansi kwezinkanyezi.
Kepha nini kudume umhlaba wonke ICitadel kanye nezihluthulelo zoMbuso. Kuzo wabalula ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngokwenkolo nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe njengodokotela. Zombili lezi zinoveli zahunyushelwa emhlabeni wonke futhi zenziwa ama-movie. Impumelelo yalezi zinguquko zamafilimu imholele ukuthi aphile isikhashana ku- Hollywood, kodwa wabe esebuyela eYurophu, ku IBlue Coast IsiFulentshi, futhi ngagcina ngithathe umhlalaphansi ESwitzerland, lapho afela khona 1981.
Ummeleli uyasebenza
Izigigaba zesikhwama esimnyama
En 16 izindaba UCronin usitshela indaba yodokotela Ihyslop finlay en elevenford, idolobha elincane laseScotland. UFinlay, udokotela osemncane, ufika ezosebenza njengomsizi womakadebona futhi enolaka oluthile udokotela cameron. Kuyindaba elandelanayo eqala ngokungenelela kukaFinlay kufayela le- ukugula isimo esiphuthumayo esenziwa ezimweni ezibuhlungu nezicishe zibe qatha kumfana one-diphtheria. Ngakho-ke ekugcineni lapho kukhona futhi i- asesinato abathintekayo.
De Kulula kakhulu ukufundaAkukho ukuswela kwemizwa noma amahlaya endaweni encane kakhulu nezinhlamvu ezivelele kangaka kulelo dolobha elincane laseScotland. Futhi gcina engqondweni umongo nesikhathi lapho isenzo senzeka khona.
ICitadel
Nakulokhu protagonist kuyinto udokotela osemncane, udokotela Andrew Manson, ofika emsebenzini wakhe wokuqala emphakathini wezimayini e Isi-Welsh. Umbono wakho nomdlandla wakho maduze kuzovivinywa futhi uzocishe uye kumkhawulo lapho uthola iqiniso lobuphofu obedlulele nokuswela izindlela kwezokwelapha endaweni. Lapho unezinkinga eziningi kakhulu unquma ukuthuthela kulo London, lapho eqhubeka nokusiza khona iziguli ezisebenza. Kepha-ke uzakwabo umcela ukuthi asebenze ku- umtholampilo ocebile ogulayo.
Le noveli mhlawumbe okuhambisana kakhulu kaCronin, njengoba wayenethonya elikhulu ekwakhiweni kwesimanje Uhlelo lukazwelonke lwezempilo kusuka e-United Kingdom.
Ngibhale eLa Ciudadela umbono wami ngomsebenzi wobudokotela, ukungabi nabulungisa kwawo, isifiso sawo esingenamkhawulo, inkani yawo, ubuwula bakhe ... ngibubonile bonke ububi obulandiswa lapha. Ngale noveli angifuni ukusola noma yimuphi umuntu othize, kepha kunalokho uhlelo.
AJCronin
Unyaka ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwawo a ukuzivumelanisa nefilimu ngubani oqondisile King vidor. Badlale kuwo URobert Donat, URosalind Russell y Rex Harrison phakathi abanye. Iphumelele kakhulu, iphakanyiselwe imikhakha emi-4 yama-Oscars: ifilimu ehamba phambili, umlingisi ohamba phambili (uDonat), isiqondiso esingcono kakhulu ne-screenplay eguqulwe kahle kakhulu.
Izikhiye zoMbuso
Kuthathwa njenge- umsebenzi wobuciko, le noveli ilandisa ngempilo ka ubaba UFrancis Chisholm, inkolo engajwayelekile yaseScotland. Ngakho-ke sidlula ebuntwaneni bakhe kuze kube sehlakalweni esibuhlungu esivusa ubizo lwakhe: owakhe umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli eChina ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka okukhulu kwendlala, inhlupho nempi yombango.
Fue yajwayela i-cinema ngo-1944 enesihloko esifanayo. Kuqondiswe yena UJohn M. Stahl futhi inkanyezi kuwo Gregory Peck, owathola ukuqokwa komlingisi ohamba phambili kuma-Oscars ka-1946.
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- Ithuna le-crusader
- Udokotela womdabu
- Inqaba yenzondo
- Ngale kokuthula
- Umuthi kaJuda
- Ingoma Eyisithupha Yamapence
- Abesilisa baphakamisa (itiyetha)