Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya.
Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya -Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya, ngesiNgisi - yinoveli yomlando eyenziwe ngumlobi waseBrithani uKen Follet. Le yingxenye yokuqala ye- I-Trilogy yekhulu leminyaka, eyayigxile eMpini Enkulu, eMpini Yezwe II. Kwakuyisihloko esakhishwa kanyekanye kumazwekazi amahlanu ngoSepthemba 2010, lapho kwasakazwa amakhophi ayizigidi ezimbili nengxenye.
Yize abaningi bephika, iphupho lombhali ukuthi libe "ngumthengisi othengisa kakhulu" futhi ngasikhathi sinye, lithathwe njengombhali "ojulile". Inhlanganisela enqatshelwe yabaningi, kepha hhayi uKen Follet. Kulungile con Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya uzuze umsebenzi owedlula wonke, ohlukaniswe ngabagxeki abaningi bemibhalo njengenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu enkulungwaneni entsha yeminyaka.
Mayelana nomlobi, uKen Follett
Uma kukhona noma yiluphi uhlu olunomqondo ongachemile lwababhali abaphumelele kakhulu futhi abahlonishwayo bekhulu leminyaka elidlule, igama likaKen Follett livela phezulu, ngokungangabazeki. Wazalelwa eCardiff, eWales, ngo-1949, Wakhulela eLondon ngemuva kwempi (yesibili), maphakathi nomndeni onemithetho evimbela ukubukela ithelevishini noma ukulalela umsakazo. Isiphephelo sakhe kuphela: ukufunda.
Izinyathelo zokuqala ezincwadini
UFollet wafunda ifilosofi, yize wagcina ngokugxila kwezobuntatheli. Ubungcweti azama ngabo ukuziphilisa, noma kunjalo, isithukuthezi kwaba umphumela ongenakugwemeka. Ngakho-ke, wakhetha ukubhala ... futhi umdlalo wavele kahle kakhulu. Ngo-1978, washicilela Isiqhingi seziphepho, inoveli yezinhloli ejabulisayo ephawule ukungena okumangazayo ezweni lokushicilela.
Ngokuqala kwakhe, ubhalise igama lakhe phakathi "kwabathengisa kakhulu" futhi wathola ukuqashelwa kwakhe kokuqala: umklomelo ka-Edgar. Njengokuthi "inothi elengeziwe", lo mbhalo ubhalwe njengenye yezinoveli ezihamba phambili zemfihlakalo zaso sonke isikhathi, ngokusho kwe- Ababhali Bemfihlakalo BaseMelika.
Izinsika zomhlaba
Ngaphakathi kwezincwadi ezibanzi zeFollet awukho umsebenzi "ohlukaniseka" njengokuhluleka kwezebhizinisi. Imane yazuza impumelelo eyodwa emva kwenye. Noma kunjalo, kukhona isihloko esivelele phakathi kwabo: Izinsika zomhlaba (1989). Inoveli yomlando ebekwe ngesikhathi esaziwa ngokuthi "The English Anarchy."
Ngaphandle kokumelela ngokuphelele incazelo ye- a Best Umthengisi, umbhalo uthakaselwa kakhulu emazingeni ehlukene. Ngalo mqondo, abaklami badumisa izincazelo zezakhiwo zaseRoma, kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo okuya kwisitayela seGothic. Ukunemba kwendaba nakho kuyabungazwa, kunikezwa imininingwane emincane ngempi yombango eyenzeka eNgilandi ngale minyaka.
UKen Follett.
Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya. Isahluko sokuqala se-trilogy elindelwe kakhulu
Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya
Igama likaKen Follett liyisiqinisekiso sempumelelo. Ngababhali abambalwa kakhulu, izinkampani zokushicilela zilinga ukwethula incwadi ngasikhathi sinye emhlabeni wonke. Okungukuthi, yilokho kanye okwenzeka ngoSepthemba 28, 2010 ngokuphuma ezitolo zezincwadi ze Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya, isitolimende sokuqala sabathanda isikhundla I-Trilogy yekhulu leminyaka.
Uchungechunge luqhubeke no Ubusika bomhlaba (2012) futhi Umbundu waphakade (2014) kwaba ukuvalwa. Njengoba bekulindelekile, umsebenzi awuzange udumaze. Kuthengiswe izigidi zamakhophi, kanye nokudumisa okusha kombhali ngokuqina kwakhe kwiNovel Yomlando. Endabeni - engenakuphikiswa ngabafundi - okubandakanya ukukhashelwa, ubungani nothando olungenakwenzeka, kanye nesihluku sempi.
Iqiniso nokunye okuqanjiwe
Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya Kuqala ngokugcotshwa kukaGeorge V wase-United Kingdom. Umcimbi owenzeka ngoJuni 22, 1911 eWestminster Abbey, eLondon. Ukusuka kuleli phuzu, izinganekwane zixubana neqiniso (amaqiniso omlando) ne- "naturalness" enhle, ejwayelekile yesitayela seFollet.
Ngemuva kwalokho, abafundi bacabanga njengeqiniso okuhlangenwe nakho kwabalingiswa abaphambili benoveli, ngomphumela ogcinwe kuyo yonke i-trilogy. Abalingisi abakhulu "bangempela" emlandweni yiMpi Yezwe I kanye neRussian Revolution. Ngokunjalo, ingena kulezi zenzakalo zomlando ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlaselwa kweSarajevo nokuqubuka kwempi (ngo-1914).
- Ukubuyela kukaLenin ePetrograd (1917).
- Ukumiswa kokuvinjelwa e-United States (1920).
Izinhlamvu
Imindeni emihlanu, ezizweni ezinhlanu ezihlukene, yakha ifindo lesakhiwo le- Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya. Ezingeni elincane, ligxila ezingxabanweni zangaphakathi zalowo nalowo wabo. Ezingeni le-macro, kugxilwa ekutheni umongo uqala kanjani ukuguqula indawo. Wonke amaqembu egatsha abamba iqhaza ngandlela thile empini enkulu yempi.
Ngokunjalo, bachazwa kanye nendlela imindeni ehlukene ehlobene ngayo (uthando, ukukhaphela, amaphupho nezifiso, izithiyo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela abanye abantu bomlando, njengoSir Edward Grey, onguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseGreat Britain ngenkathi kuqala impi. Kanye noWinston Churchill (oneminyaka engu-40).
Incwadi esabisayo
Eqinisweni, uFollett "ungumbhali osabisayo." Wenza ngoba nge Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya, umbhali uphinda "ifomula" enemiphumela ebisaziwa ngaphambili futhi efakazelwe: izincwadi ezinabile, ezinothile ngemininingwane. Ngokwengeziwe, inani lezinto ezisuselwa ezenzakalweni zomlando kulula kakhulu ukuliqinisekisa.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inani elikhulu lemininingwane yokulandelana kwezikhathi linikeza izifundiswa izindlela ezintsha zokwandisa imikhakha yabo yocwaningo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, namuhla incwadi enamakhasi angaphezu kuka-500 ibukeka isinda kakhulu. I-Digital Age yinkathi yemibhalo ehlanganiswe ngokweqile, ngiyabonga, ikakhulukazi, kubalingiswa abayi-140 (manje abangaphezulu kancane) ababekwe yi-Twitter.
Kepha ngoFollet kwenzeka okuphambene
Njengoba kwenzekile ngezihloko eziningi zombhali wase-Welsh, Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya idlula amashidi ayi-1000. Ekubuyekezweni kwe-amateur, inani labafundi abafuna okungaphezulu liyamangalisa. Umbhali uqobo wavuma kwinhlolokhono ukuthi abantu abaningi bamcela izincwadi ezinde kakhulu.
UKen Follett ucaphuna.
Iphazili
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ku- Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya inentshisekelo yokufunda: ayilokothi inciphe (yize kunesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi). Ukuxuba ngokungahleliwe futhi ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa, inganekwane neqiniso. Ukuhlela uzungu ngezintshisekelo zakho (ezabalingiswa bakho). Ngaphandle kokuyeka ubulukhuni bomlando nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ubunzima obuchazwe esigabeni esandulele busifingqa kahle isitayela seFollett. Futhi, yiba ngumphakathi futhi ube nethonya eNgilandi, akakaze akufihle ukuzikhomba kwakhe neLabour Party futhi washiya iminyakazo. Kodwa-ke, ukulwa kwakhe kwezepolitiki nobushoshovu bekuhlale kungaphandle kwemibhalo yakhe, Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya Akuyona into ehlukile.
Njengoba kwenzeka?
Mhlawumbe akekho ozombona esidlangalaleni, kepha uKen Follett uvusa umona phakathi kozakwabo besikhathi sakhe. Abaningi babo abayeki ukuphawula bemangele, ukuthi impumelelo yencwadi enamakhasi angaphezu kwenkulungwane ibahlaba umxhwele kangakanani. Futhi, kubukeka kumangalisa amasampula okuqina kwabafundi, "ukushwabadela" noma yimaphi "amaBhayibheli" alo mbhali.
Abanye abagxeki (abanesibindi) baze bayikhiphe le ndaba ngokungagunci, egcwele abalingiswa abanobukhulu obubodwa nabangabikezela kakhulu. Kwezobuciko, isimanga sobumbano - ikakhulukazi uma siqondile - siyamangaza kakhulu. Kunoma ikuphi, akekho onesibindi sokuphika ukuguquguquka kokuqukethwe nokuzijabulisa Ukuwa kwemidondoshiya. Isimo esanele ngokwanele kubafundi abaningi.