Disemba, omunye unyaka usuphelile. Lena eyodwa ukukhethwa kwezinto ezintsha ukuvalelisa ngezihloko zakho konke okuthandwayo, kusukela kokwakudala kukaKhisimusi kuya ezindabeni zakamuva zochungechunge lwethelevishini olushisa izikhotha kanye nemvelo emsulwa nelula ehlala idlula izinganekwane. Sibheka.
Izinganekwane zikaKhisimusi - Ababhali abahlukahlukene
Ungaqali kanjani okwakudala phakathi kwezakudala zezinsuku zokugcina zonyaka namafestivali ayo ayizifanekiselo kakhulu. Futhi yini engcono kunezindaba zikaKhisimusi, nakuba empeleni noma yisiphi isikhathi kuhle ukufunda izindaba. Lena inhlanganisela yabo esayinwe ababhali ezifana Abazalwane Grimm noma Hans Christian Andersen kuze kufinyelele Ray Bradbury kanye nokudabula izindaba zababhali bekhulu le-XNUMX mayelana nokufaneleka kwe-Oscar Wilde, UDickens o EChekhov. Ngakho sineziqu ezifana Idili likaKhisimusi, I-jumply dwarf, I-Tin Soldier noma Indlovukazi Yeqhwa.
Ngaphakathi Kwegeyimu ye-squid (Imanuwali Yemiyalo Engagunyaziwe) - Ipaki Minjoon
Kube njalo uchungechunge lonyaka, olunempikiswano noludumile ngezingxenye ezilinganayo, ngakho kwakunengqondo ukuthi izwe elinyathelisayo lisebenzise ithuba lokudonsa. Le ncwadi yeziqondiso i-a umhlahlandlela ngaye nakho konke okudingekayo ukuze uthole okuningi kuzo zonke iziqephu. Bangu ulwazi ngendaba, abalingiswa, izimfihlo zomdlalo ngamunye nokuthi ungazinqoba kanjani ... Ngamafuphi, ngo futhi kubalandeli abangenamibandela.
Baphi oPhakade - UPercy Bysshe Shelley
Futhi kubathandi bezinkondlo ezinhle kakhulu zohlobo olunjenge UPercy Bysshe Shelley, Ingabe lokhu umlando, ephelele kuze kube manje, imbongi, umbhali kanye nomhumushi abahumushe Jose Luis Rey. Kuyo ungathola i-Shelley enengqondo futhi eqiniseka kakhulu ngekhono lombono nelikhululayo lezinkondlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yethulwa ku uhlelo lwezilimi ezimbili ukuze ujabulele umbhalo wokuqala.
Isimanjemanje, ubufazi kanye nenhlekelele phakathi kwamakhulu eminyaka - U-Emilia Pardo Bazán
Ukuze dona U-Emilia Pardo Bazán kufanele uyifunde njalo, hhayi kuphela ngomsebenzi wakhe wokubhala kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokufaneleka kwakhe njengomunye wezihlakaniphi ezibaluleke kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX. Umbhali, umbhali wendaba, intatheli, umxoxi (amanoveli nezindaba ezimfushane), umhambi, isikhulumi, umbhali wemidlalo yeshashalazi, isazi-mlando kanye nomhlaziyi wemibhalo, umbhali wezokupheka kanye nomhumushi, lo msebenzi uhlanganisa ingqungquthela -eyaseParis entwasahlobo ka-1899- kanye nezinkulumo ezine: iValencia, i-Orense, iMadrid neSalamanca (1899-1905), ohambisana nombhalo (1901) wolwazi ngo-Joaquín Costa, Oligarquía kanye ne-caciquismo njengezinhlobo zamanje zikahulumeni e-Spain.
I-Mafia ihlezi etafuleni - UJacques Kermoal noMartine Bartolomei
Un isihloko selukuluku njenge-counterpoint yilena esayinwe izintatheli ezimbili zaseFrance lapho zisitshela khona amamenyu, zokupheka kanye namawayini eyayithatha indawo ebalulekile ku-gastronomy weMafia. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, lowo ohlelwe ukulungiselela ukufika kukaGaribaldi eMarsala ngo-1860 noma lowo owawugubha "ukuthatha" kweBronx nguMaranzano. Futhi amadili amaningi amaningi abawanikeze ukugubha iminyaka eminingi kanye nempumelelo noma amasu okuceba nobugebengu.
Inamandla kunentaba-mlilo - Abián San Gil, María Sánchez, Gabi Martínez, Ander Izagirre no-Elsa Mabel López
Ngiphetha ngomzuzu obaluleke kakhulu—esiqhubeka siphila, ikakhulukazi futhi ngeshwa, izakhamuzi zaseCanary Island yaseLa Palma. I Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo eCumbre Vieja NgoSepthemba 19, esaqhubeka nokusebenza, yaba sematheni nezithombe zethelevishini yonke indawo. Futhi manje lo uyaphuma incwadi yobumbano.
Iqukethe izithombe ze-palmero yomthwebuli wezithombe U-Abian San Gil, isandulela sompheki UJosé Andrés (2021 Princess of Asturias Award for Concord) kanye nemibhalo ye Elsa lopez, umbhali owaziwa kakhulu nothandwa kakhulu eLa Palma, kanye Ander Izagirre, Gabi Martinez y UMaria Sanchez. Bonke bebefuna ukukhombisa isenzakalo semvelo esimangalisayo nomuzwa ongokomzwelo osizungezile esimweni saso sobuntu nesinyakazayo. Isenzeko esiphinde sakhipha umsinga omkhulu we ukwesekwa kanye nobumbano.