Owine Umklomelo We-Planeta ngo-2010 kanye noMklomelo we-Cervantes ngo-2016, U-Eduardo Mendoza ungomunye we- ababhali abakhulu baseSpain zesikhathi sethu. Ngokuqondile nangokuzenzekelayo, isitayela sondliwa yizinto zasendulo ezihlola ama-nuances asakazeke kakhulu olimini lwethu, okuvame ukuhambisana nezindaba zabalingiswa abaseceleni ezweni elingaqondakali kahle noma, kunalokho, izwe laseSpain elibonwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Sizicwilisa ku i-biography nezincwadi ezihamba phambili zika-Eduardo Mendoza. Uyeza?
Umlando ka-Eduardo Mendoza
Wazalelwa eBarcelona ngoJanuwari 11, 1943, u-Eduardo Mendoza uyindodana yomshushisi, u-Eduardo Mendoza Arias-Carvajal, kanye nomama wekhaya, uCristina Garriga Alemany, naye owayengudadewabo wesazi-mlando uRamón Garriga Alemany. Ngemuva kokufunda ezikoleni ezehlukene zenkolo, waphothula izifundo zezoMthetho e-Autonomous University of Barcelona ngo-1965 wabe esehamba ezungeza iYurophu, ngaleso sikhathi wathola umfundaze wokufundela iSociology eLondon, kwalandelwa umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumxhumanisi isikhashana eSpain. kuze kube ngo-1973 kwavela ithuba lokuzilolonga njenge Umhumushi we-UN e-United States.
Kungaba kulelizwe engizothumela kulo inoveli yakhe yokuqala futhi edume kakhulu, Iqiniso Mayelana ne-Savolta Affair, ethathwa ngabaningi njengomsebenzi wemibono, ngoba bekungowokuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zenguquko yezepolitiki ezoqinisekiswa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva ngokufa kukaFranco. Isici sokuqala saphenduka isitolo esidayisa kakhulu esasiqinisekisa ikhono lomlobi lokuveza iqiniso laseSpain lisuka kwelinye iprism nombono ohlukile, ikakhulukazi lelo ledolobha laseBarcelona laphenduka indwangu yemisebenzi yakhe eminingi. Le noveli imzuzele i- Umklomelo Wabagxeki e 1976.
Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, ukushicilelwa kwe- Imfihlakalo ye-haunted crypt, inhlanganisela yenoveli yokulingisa neyamaGothic, yaqhubeka impumelelo yenoveli yakhe yangaphambilini ukuqala isaga entsha: leyo yomphenyi ongenagama naye owayezodlala kumavolumu amathathu amabili, iThe Labyrinth of Olives (1982), The Adventure of the Ladies ' Ithoyilethi (2001) kanye nokubanjwa kwesikhwama nempilo (2012).
Ngemuva kokubuyela eSpain ngo-1983, uMendoza waqhubeka esebenza njengomhumushi ezweni lakubo iBarcelona nakwamanye amadolobha anjengeVienna noma iGeneva. Umsebenzi abehlala ewuhlanganisa nokushicilelwa kwemisebenzi yakhe, eyi Idolobha lama-prodigies, eyasungulwa ngo-1986, leyo yabheka umsebenzi wobuciko wakhe wobuciko, noma ilukuluku lokwazi Azikho izindaba ezivela ku-gurb, indaba eyashicilelwa kancane kancane e-El País lapho kufika umfokazi eBarcelona ezinyangeni eziholela eMidlalweni Yama-Olympic ka-1992.
Ngo-1995 waqala ukufundisa ePompeu Fabra University, eBarcelona, ehlanganisa umsebenzi wakhe nokubhala nokuzama ezinye izinhlobo ezifana nendaba emfushane, i-eseyi, noma ngisho netiyetha. Konke lokhu kukhombisa ukuhlekisa nokubhuqa okwenza ibhuku lezincwadi elingenakuphikwa nesitayela esaziwa ngokuphelele.
Ngaphezu kwalo Mklomelo osuvele wabalulwa, uMendoza uzuze imiklomelo efana ne Umklomelo weKafka, uMklomelo weMedici, umklomelo we-Elle Magazine, umklomelo kaJosé Manuel Lara Foundation, umklomelo weCervantes noma umklomelo wePlaneta., ayizuza ngaphansi kwegama lomgunyathi uRicardo Medina ngenoveli yakhe ethi Riña de gato. IMadrid 1976.
Okukhulu futhi okusebenzayo, ukukhishwa kukaMendoza kwakamuva kube yiLas barbas del propeta, ukuphindwaphindwa kwezindima ezahlukahlukene ezivela eBhayibhelini.
Izincwadi ezihamba phambili zika-Eduardo Mendoza
Iqiniso ngecala leSavolta
Umsebenzi wokuqala kaMendoza washicilelwa ngenkathi ehlala e-United States, eguqula amasiko nezenhlalo zaseSpain njengezinkimbinkimbi. Yize isihloko Amasosha aseCatalonia, isihloko esivotelwe umbuso wobushiqela kaFranco, igama elisha belingeyona inkinga ekwenzeni umthelela omkhulu. I-protagonist, uJavier Miranda, yinsizwa yaseValladolid eya eBarcelona iyofuna umsebenzi ngo-1918, isikhathi esasinenkinga eBarcelona ngenxa yokuvukela kwamakilasi abezobupolitika kanye nokulwa nonxiwankulu ngezigelekeqe. Le ncwadi yashicilelwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa kukaFranco, yawina umklomelo wabahlaziyi ngemuva konyaka.
Ungathanda ukufunda Iqiniso ngecala leSavolta?
Imfihlakalo ye-haunted crypt
Isitolimende sokuqala salolu chungechunge lwabaphenyi abangaziwa sashicilelwa ngo-1979 ngemuva kwesikhathi lapho uMendoza uqobo anquma ukuchitha isikhathi kude neSpain ukuze "azijabulise" ngokubhala. Le yindlela i-hodgepodge ye- inoveli ye-gothic nomnyama lapho uKomishinara Flores, ophenya ngokulahleka kwentombazane yomama baseLazarist, agcina ngokusizwa yisigebengu esinamalambu ambalwa esesivalelwe ejele iminyaka emihlanu. Isihloko sokuqala kusaga lamanoveli amane ashicilelwe kwaze kwaba ngu-2012.
Ufundile Imfihlakalo ye-haunted crypt?
Azikho izindaba ezivela ku-gurb
Enye ye Amanoveli kaMendoza adume kakhulu futhi enye yezinto esezidlulise kangcono isiko elidumile yile ndaba enelukuluku ekhishwe yizihloko ezikwi-El País ne isethwe ezinsukwini eziholela kumidlalo ye-Olimpiki yaseBarcelona. Indaba elandisa njengoba umlingiswa ophambili nomfokazi efika evela kwenye iplanethi ezofuna iGurb, omunye umfokazi wazifihla eBarcelona ngaphansi komzimba kaMarta Sánchez. Izaba ezifanele zokuhamba eSpain e-surreal futhi enhle kakhulu ngezindawo ezahlukahlukene nosaziwayo kusukela ngesikhathi nendawo.
Ungaphuthelwa Azikho izindaba ezivela ku-gurb.
Idolobha lama-prodigies
Ishicilelwe ngo-1986 futhi yaguqulwa ngaso leso sikhathi yaba enye ye- ubuciko buka-Eduardo Mendoza, Idolobha lama-prodigies Ihlelwe eDolobheni laseBarcelona phakathi kwendlela ye-Universal Expositions eyayibanjwe ngo-1888 no-1829. Isikhathi u-Onofre Vouvila athuthuka ngaso, insizwa ethobekile emele lezo zigaba eziphansi zedolobha phakathi kwenkulumo-ze yama-anarchist kanye nokuthengiswa kokukhula kwezinwele okuthi, ngemuva kokwenza Ukusebenzisa ubuqili bakhe nokushoda kwezihibe, ugcina esengomunye wabantu abacebe kakhulu eSpain. I-Radiography yesikhathi esivumelaniswe noMario Camus esikrinini esikhulu ngo-1999.
Ukulwa kwekati. IMadrid 1936.
Umsebenzi okhulise uMendoza njengo owawina iPlaneta Award ngo-2010 Ihlelwe eMadrid ekuqaleni kweMpi Yombango, indawo lapho kwenzeka khona iNgilandi u-Anthony Whitelands, ofika ukuzocacisa inani lomdwebo kaPrimo de Rivera futhi ongashintsha inkambo yempi enkulu kakhulu yethu Izwe lonke ngekhulu lama-XNUMX. Njengamahlaya njengomphumela wale nhlekelele, umbhali unikeza umsebenzi oqinile, ofanele ukudunyiswa ngokuphelele.
Funda Ukulwa kwekati?
Ngokombono wakho, yini i- izincwadi ezinhle kakhulu nguPrimo de Rivera?