Nkosi Yezimpukane

Nkosi Yezimpukane yincwadi yokuqala eyaziwayo yomlobi waseBrithani uWilliam Golding. Ishicilelwe ngo-1954, a Nkosi yezimpukane (igama loqobo ngesiNgisi) uthathwa njengowakudala we-Anglo-Saxon Literature yenkathi yangemva kwempi. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemuva kokwethulwa kwayo yayinezinombolo ezithengisa kakhulu.

Kusukela ngawo-1960 sekuyincwadi ebaluleke kakhulu emakolishi nasemanyuvesi ase-United Kingdom nase-United States. Lesi sihloko sisho ubudlova bomuntu obukuBelzebule, isithonjana samaFilisti (kamuva wafakwa ebuKristwini) ogama lakhe lesidlaliso "inkosi yezimpukane."

Sobre el autor

Ukuzalwa, ubuntwana nobusha

NgoSepthemba 19, 1911, uWilliam Gerald Golding wakubona okokuqala ukukhanya. Ngokwe-portal Imilando nokuphila, ISaint Columb Minor kwaba indawo azalelwa kuyo. Kuyidolobhana elincane elisogwini olusenyakatho yeCornwall, eNgilandi, e-United Kingdom. Kusukela esemncane wathola imfundo eqinile, ikakhulukazi egxile ekubhekaneni nobuntu kanye nemibhalo.

Ngokwengeziwe, Abazali bakhe, U-Alec (owayenguthisha wesayensi) noMildred (ummeli ohola phambili wamavoti abesifazane) baba nomthelela omkhulu ekucabangeni okunengqondo nokunengqondo. kaWilliam osemncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaphawulwa ikakhulukazi ngemisebenzi ye- William Shakespeare no-Alfred Tennyson. Akumangalisi ukuthi incwadi yakhe yokuqala, (Poems, 1934) iqoqo lezinkondlo.

Ngaphambi nangemva kweMpi Yezwe II

Ufunde isayensi yemvelo (kamuva washintshela ezincwadini zesiNgisi) eBrasenose College, e-Oxford. Kamuva, wasebenza njengothisha maphakathi nawo-30 eMichael Hall Institute eLondon. Ngo-1937 wabuyela e-Oxford eyophothula izifundo zakhe zobudokotela kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emibili washada no-Ann Brookfield, enezingane ezimbili, uDavid noJudith Diana.

Ngo-1940 wabhalisela ukuba yiBritish Royal Navy. Phakathi kwemikhankaso ephawuleka kakhulu abambe iqhaza kuyo ukushushiswa nokubhujiswa kwe esiseBismarck IsiJalimane, kanye nokufika kweNormandy. Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, uWilliam Golding wakwazi ukunikela ngesikhathi sakhe ngokuphelele ezincwadini.

El mnumzane de Las izimpukane

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Nkosi Yezimpukane

Ekuqaleni, le noveli yayizoshicilelwa ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi Abezizwe abavela ngaphakathi (Abezizwe abavela ngaphakathi). Kepha, ngemuva kokulahlwa ngabamemezeli abahlukahlukene, ekugcineni yavela ngo-1954 njenge Nkosi Yezimpukane. Namuhla kubhekwa njengenye yezinganekwane eziphakeme kakhulu ezincwadini zanamuhla.

Incwadi ichaza ukuguquka kwabafundi abancane besuka esimweni sokuqala sokungazi futhi esingenacala kuya ekubonisweni kobubi baseMachivavellian. Lapho izinsana zakha umphakathi ngaphansi kwemithetho yazo oholela emphakathini wobushiqela, ophethwe ngumthetho wabanamandla kunabo bonke.

Ubumnyama bemvelo bomuntu

Okuthunyelwe Kamuva Kwe-Golding -Izindlalifa (1955), ICathhedral (1964) futhi Amasiko okudlula (1980), phakathi kwabanye— kulandelwe umugqa odwetshwe ngu Nkosi yezimpukane. Kuzo ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa ephansi nembi kakhulu yomuntu kufakazelwa.

Ifa

Ngenxa yetimu yayo edlulayo - iheha abantu bayo yonke iminyaka - ithole imiklomelo eminingi empilweni. Yize ngokungangabazeki okubili okuvelele kakhulu kukhona el Izincwadi zeNobel (1983) kanye nesihloko se- Sir (1988) enikezwe yiNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II wase-England. UWilliam Golding ushone ngoJuni 19, 1993, ePerranarworthal, e-UK

Uhlu lwemisebenzi yakhe luphothulwe ngu:

• UMartin owalahlwayo (UPincher Martin, 1956). Indaba.
• Uvemvane Lethusi (1958). Umsebenzi waseshashalazini.
• Ukuwa kwe-Freefall (Ukuwa kwamahhala, 1959). Inoveli.
• Iminyango eshisayo (Amasango ashisayo, 1965). Ukuqoqwa kwendatshana.
• Iphiramidi (Umbhoshongo, 1967). Inoveli.
• Unkulunkulu ufezela (Unkulunkulu weScorpion, 1971). Inoveli.
• Ubumnyama obubonakalayo (Ubumnyama Buyabonakala, 1979). Inoveli.
• I-Target Ehambayo (1982). Ukuqoqwa kwendatshana.
• Abesilisa bephepha (Abesilisa Bephepha, 1984). Inoveli.
• Idayari yaseGibhithe (Ijenali YaseGibhithe, 1985). Inoveli.
• Kuze Kube Emikhawulweni Yomhlaba (inoveli trilogy):
  • Amasiko okudlula (Imizila yePhasika, 1980).
  • Cuerpo a cuerpo (Vala amakota, 1987).
  • Umlilo emathunjini (Cisha umlilo ngezansi, 1989).
• Ulimi olufihliwe (Ulimi Olabili, ishumi nesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye nesithupha). Inoveli yangemva kokufa.

Ukuhlaziywa Nkosi Yezimpukane

Isakhiwo nezindikimba

Nkosi Yezimpukane iyinoveli engokomfanekiso ekhuluma ngempikiswano phakathi kwempucuko kanye nobudlova obudalwe ngumuntu wonke. Ngendlela efanayo, umbhali uthi imiphakathi yavela njengomphumela nje wobubi bomuntu kanye nesidingo sakhe sokubusa.

Ngaphansi kwalezi zakhiwo, IGolding ithatha iqembu lezingane zesikole ezenza ukufika okuphuthumayo esiqhingini ngo-1945. Lapho izinsana zibona ukungabikho kwabantu abadala, zihlela ukuvumelana ngemithetho yazo yokuhlala ndawonye. Ngakho-ke, bakha amaqembu amabili: amancane noma "uquqaba" (abanganaki, abakhonondayo nabanonya) kanye nabadala (abaholi).

Rationalism nenkolo

Isakhiwo sika Nkosi Yezimpukane imboza ngokuphelele ubunzima bokunengqondo nokuqonda komuntu. Ngalo mqondo, omunye wabalingiswa bayo abayizifanekiselo kakhulu yiPiggy. Ngubani, naphezu kwesimo sakhe sengqondo sokungabaza nokubukeka kokuzithoba, ohlale ezama ukukholisa umngani wakhe ngezinto angazizuzela bona uma belalela okwabo izingqondo.

Ngokunjalo nokuziphatha komuntu ngokombono wemithetho yenkolo kungukubuzwa njalo kuwo wonke umsebenzi kaGolding. Ukwenza lokhu, usebenzisa abalingiswa abanjengoSimón (omunye wabalingiswa abaphambili benoveli), ohlanganisa ubuhle nobungcwele. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umbhali waseBrithani uchaza ezinye izinhlamvu ngezisusa ezimbi nokuziphatha.

Isiqubulo

Ukugxilwa kwemicimbi kuwela eqenjini lezingane ezindala. Phakathi kwabo, uRalf usebenza "njengenduna", okwenzela ukuthi enze umsindo wegobolondo lomnenke ukubiza zonke ezinye izinsana. Ngokunjalo, uSimon ubonakala njengewimpimpi exakile, njengoba noPiggy edelelwa ngokuba yisiqhwaga nokuziphatha kwakhe okungapheli.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uJack ungumlingiswa onodlame kakhulu, uhlanganisa ndawonye "abaphikisi" abangahambisani nemibono kaRalf. Lesi sakamuva sikholelwa kakhulu ekwenzeni amasu agxile ekutakuleni wonke umuntu (njengesikhuni somlilo esiqongweni sentaba, ngokwesibonelo). Esikhundleni salokho, UJack ukhuthaza ukwakhiwa "kwesizwe", uchwepheshe ekuqoqeni, ekuzingeleni nasekusizeni amaqhinga.

Umdlalo

Impi phakathi kwamaqembu amabili anozwelo - uRalf kuqhathaniswa noJack - ayinakugwenywa. Phakathi kokulwa, abalingiswa abahloniphekile abanjengoSimon noPiggy bayabulawa, kuyilapho abanye abanodlame oluningi (isibonelo, uRobert) bekhombisa konke ukuphambuka kwabo. Ekugcineni, URalf uphoqeleka ngamandla ukuba abaleke (esongelwa ngokufa) kuze kutakulwe zonke izingane.