UJavier Cercas
Nsuku zonke abasebenzisi abaningi be-Intanethi babuza nge "Javier Cercas books", futhi imiphumela emikhulu imayelana Amasosha aseSalami (2001). Le noveli ingeyesine eyethulwe ngumlobi, futhi inesibopho sokukhuphula izinga lomsebenzi wakhe. Ngayo yathola ukuqashelwa kokugxekwa kwemibhalo, yathola ukuphawula okuhle kakhulu. Mayelana nalokhu, uMario Vargas Llosa wathi: "enye yamanoveli amahle esikhathi sethu."
Umbhali ubonakale ngokuphatha indaba eqinile kumanoveli akhe lapho ehlanganise kahle umlando nezinganekwane. Yize wethula umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala ngo-1987, ukwamukelwa kwawo akuzange kufike kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX.. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi phakathi naleso sikhathi eside emathunzini, umngane omkhulu wayekholelwa kakhulu kuye. Akuyona enye into futhi kungaphansi komlobi waseChile uRoberto Bolaño, ogcina ukuthi uJavier unethalente ngokweqile. Namuhla ukuthuthuka kombhali waseSpain sekuwubufakazi obunokwethenjelwa bokuthi uBolaño wayengenaphutha.
Eminye imininingwane yomlando kaJavier Cercas
Ubuntwana nezifundo
Umbhali wazalwa ngoMsombuluko, Ephreli 16, 1962 edolobheni elincane i-Ibahernando esifundazweni saseCáceres (Extremadura). Wabhapathizwa njengoJosé Javier Cercas Mena. Uhlale izinyanga zakhe zokuqala ezingama-48 edolobheni langakubo, khona-ke iqembu lomndeni wakhe lathuthela eGerona. Ngaphandle kokuqhela, uCercas akazange alahlekelwe ukuxhumana nendawo azalelwa kuyo, kepha wayivakashela ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi esemncane eholidini.
Kusukela esemncane kakhulu wakhombisa ukuba nentshisekelo ngemibhalo, okwaholela ekutheni afunde ngeSpanishi Philology e-Autonomous University of Barcelona. Ngemuva kokuthola iziqu zakhe ngo-1985, wakhetha ukwenza iziqu zobudokotela egatsheni elifanayo e-University of Barcelona, alithola eminyakeni eyalandela.
Umsebenzi wezincwadi neziqalo
Ngo-1989 waqala ukuba nguthisha e-University of Gerona, efundisa amakilasi ezincwadi zaseSpain. Ngaleso sikhathi, umbhali wayesethule imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala emibili, Iselula (1987) futhi Umqashi (1989). Ngaphezu komsebenzi wakhe njengomfundisi nomlobi, uJavier Cercas ubhale izindatshana nezibuyekezo eziningana zamaphephandaba ahlukene. Kusukela lapho kuze kube manje, usefake isandla emaphephandabeni aseCatalan, nakwamanye amaphephandaba. El País.
Ngemuva kwempumelelo yenoveli yakhe yesine, Amasosha aseSalami (2001), umbhali ushicilele ezinye izihloko eziyisithupha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: Ijubane lokukhanya (2005), Imithetho yomngcele (2012) Umkhohlisi (2014) y I-Terra Alta (2019). Ngabo ugcine isikhundla nesithunzi esihle phambi kwabafundi bakhe, kanye nokuhlonishwa kosolwazi abahlukahlukene. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2021 uzokwethula umsebenzi wakhe ongu-11, ozobizwa nge: Ukuzimela.
Izincwadi zikaJavier Cercas
Amasosha aseSalami (2001)
Kuyiveli yesine eyashicilelwa ngumbhali, eyamnika yona ukuqashelwa eSpain nasemhlabeni, ihunyushelwa ezilimini ezingaphezu kwama-20. Eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala wakwazi ukuthengisa amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1, avumela umlobi wamanoveli ukuthi azinikele ngokubhala kuphela. Ngokwengeziwe, umsebenzi waguqulwa nguDavid Trueba wefilimu futhi wakhonjiswa ku-2003.
Isiqubulo
Amasosha aseSalami kuyinoveli yobufakazi lapho umlando uhlangana nenganekwane. Isethwe ezinyangeni zokugcina zeMpi Yombango yaseSpain (1939) futhi yethula uFalangist Rafael Sánchez Mazas njengomlingiswa ophambili. Idrama le ikhuluma ngendlela amanye amabutho aseRiphabhulikhi aya emngceleni ayofuna ukudingiswa, adubula ngayo iziboshwa eziningana zaseFrancoist; USánchez Maza wakwazi ukubaleka kulokho kubulawa kwabantu. Kuthe esebaleka, wabanjwa yisosha, lamkhomba ngesibhamu kwathi ngemuva kokumbuka, wasindisa impilo yakhe.
Indaba iyaqhubeka eminyakeni engama-60 kamuva, lapho umbhali okhungathekile — uJavier Cercas—, ngengozi, efunda le ndaba. Emangele futhi ethakazelisa, uqala ukuphenya ngokujulile ngaleli cala, ethola okungaziwa okungaxazululwa. Abalingiswa abanjengoRoberto Bolaño bangenela kulo mdlalo, okhuthaza uCercas ukuthi afune isosha elakhombisa isihe kuSánchez Maza. Endleleni yokuthola isizathu "sesenzo somusa", umugqa nomugqa uvula indaba egcwele umuzwa wokukhululeka ozoba nezimpendulo ezingakholeki, noma, mhlawumbe, ezingalindelekile.
Eminye imiklomelo etholakele:
- Umklomelo We-Salambó Narrative
- ICálamo Award 2001 (Incwadi yonyaka)
- Umklomelo we-City of Barcelona
I-anatomy yesikhashana (2009)
Kungumlando ochaza izenzakalo ze-23F — umbuso okhungathekileyo owawuseSpain ngo-1981—. Lokhu kubhekwa njengencwadi eyingqayizivele nehehayo. Ngemuva kophenyo olunzulu olwenziwe nguCercas, waphetha ngokuthi i-akhawunti engelona iqiniso ngeke ikuhloniphe okwenzekile. Umbhali ugxile ekuboniseni ukulandelana kwezikhathi zalo mcimbi futhi aveze izimbangela ebezikhona ukuze wenziwe.
Ukuxabana
Njengoba igama layo likhombisa, kukhunjulwa isikhashana emlandweni waseSpain, into ebaluleke kakhulu eyenzeka ntambama ye-23F, lapho iqembu lingena kwiCongress of Deputies. Umbhali ukhuluma ngokukhethekile ngesikhundla sikaMongameli u-Adolfo Suárez, Owahlala esitulweni sakhe ngenkathi ama-coupiles we-coupe enanela enkundleni yezemidlalo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uCaptain General Gutiérrez Mellado — uVice President- noSantiago Carrillo —Nobhala Jikelele— babegcina isikhundla esifanayo nomongameli, bahlala benganyakazi ngenkathi amanye amalungu ePhalamende efuna isiphephelo. Ngaphandle kokwehliswa emininingwaneni, lo mlando ubhekisisa umfundi ngokucophelela kumzuzu oqondile wokugumbuqelwa nomthelela wayo emlandweni waseSpain.
Inkosi yamathunzi (2017)
Le yincwadi yombhali yesi-9. Kuyo, uCercas waphinda wakhetha ukugcina isitayela sakhe sakudala sokulandisa nokusebenzisa iMpi Yombango yaseSpain njengesikhathi sokubeka. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbhali uthathe isinqumo sokuxoxa indaba kaManuel Mena — ukhokho wakhe ongumama—, owathi eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala wajoyina isikhundla sikaFranco. Kwaziwa ngumphakathi ukuthi okhokho bakaCercas bangamaFalangist, inkolelo yezepolitiki naye ahluke kuyo. Ngalesi sizathu, ukubhala ngalo mdlalo bekuyinselelo kumbhali futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukubuyisana nomlando wakhe.
Ukuxabana
UCercas — osebenza njengombalisi kule noveli— uchaza uManuel Mena, isibhengezo esijoyina iqembu lophiko lokuhlaselwa kwamaFrancoist. Le nsizwa yalimala kanzima yashona eMpini ye-Ebro, ngemuva kokuchitha iminyaka emibili ilwela le njongo. Indaba elandiswa ngumlobi igcwele imizwa, amahlaya nezenzo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umbhali uqobo ubheka lo msebenzi njengo: "ukuphela kwangempela kwesakhiwo sika Amasosha aseSalami".
