Miningi imisebenzi mayelana nokungqubuzana okwenzeka eSpain phakathi kuka-1936 no-1939, imisebenzi yetemibhalo, efundisayo nezwakalayo nezwakalayo. Namuhla kuyisihloko esiqhubeka nokuvusa isithakazelo kanye nezingxabano phakathi kwemingcele yethu nangale kwayo futhi.
Kunzima ukukhetha phakathi kwazo zonke, ikakhulukazi uma lokho ofuna ukukuthola kuqinile nokungakhethi; futhi nakakhulu lapho umbono womphakathi uqhubeka nokuphikisana ngokwenzeka eminyakeni engu-80 edlule. Akukho ukugqugquzelwa kwemibono kusuka lapha sibonisa izindlela zabanye ababhali ezincwadini eziyisishiyagalombili ezikhuluma ngempi yombango yaseSpain, phakathi kwamanoveli nezindatshana.
Ukukhethwa kwezincwadi ngempi yombango yaseSpain
Egazini nasemlilweni. Amaqhawe, Izilo kanye Abafel ukholo baseSpain
Incwadi ka-Manuel Chaves Nogales mhlawumbe ingenye yezincwadi ezifundeka kakhulu, okuxoxwe ngazo futhi okuphawulwe ngazo ngempi yombango. Izindaba eziyisishiyagalolunye eziziqambayo ziqashelwa kakhulu futhi zisekelwe emaqinisweni ayiqiniso umbhali ayewazi mathupha. Kodwa-ke, uyakwazi ukuziqhelelanisa nabo ngokubuka intatheli kombukeli omkhulu, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ozwelana nabalingiswa kanye nabantu ababhekana nobunzima bempi mathupha. Futhi, isethulo sithathwa njengeminye yemibhalo engcono kakhulu eyake yabhalwa ngempi yombango, ukuqonda nokwazi ukudlulisa okwenzekile..
Impi yombango yatshela intsha
Umsebenzi ka-Arturo Pérez-Reverte ofundisa intsha idrama yempi, nakuba ngendlela engavamile nangosizo lwemifanekiso.. Kuwumbhalo ofundisayo osebenza ukuchaza umongo wodweshu nokuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuwuqonda futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukungawukhohlwa, ukuze kungabi nalutho olufana nalo olungaphinde luphindwe. I-Pérez-Reverte isalokhu inenjongo futhi ikude kulo msebenzi inhloso yawo iwukunikeza umbono wokufundisa noqondakalayo wempi yombango.
Amasosha aseSalami
Le noveli kaJavier Cercas ingomunye umbhalo obalulekile wekhulu lama-XNUMX; futhi ngenxa yalokho ibhekwa njengenye yezincwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Ilandisa ngezenzakalo zangempela ezizungeze isibalo sikaRafael Sánchez Mazas, umsunguli weFalange., okwathi ngokungenela kwe-Providence noma nje ngenhlanhla, wasindiswa ekudutshulweni uhlangothi lweRiphabhulikhi phakathi nempi yombango. Kamuva waba umfundisi wamaFrancoist. Kodwa okumangaza kakhulu ngale ndaba ukuthi ekubalekeni isosha lisindisa ukuphila kwalo ngemva kokuba lidutshulwe lapho lihlangana khona. Indaba iqhutshwa yintatheli okwathi emashumini eminyaka kamuva, kakade entandweni yeningi, yathola indaba emangalisayo kaMazas.
Ubhekilanga Ongaboni
U-Alberto Méndez wakha inoveli yakhe evela ezindabeni ezine ezigcwele ubuhlungu nencithakalo ngezikhathi zangemva kwempi. Abalingiswa abasemqoka ukaputeni wamaFrancoist, imbongi esencane, isiboshwa kanye nenkolo. Zonke izindaba ziveza usizi nokuphelelwa ithemba. Isihloko somsebenzi sisho ukuphikiswa kokukhanya nobhekilanga abafuna ilanga ukuze bakhule futhi bazigcwalise ngokuphila. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ubhekilanga oyimpumputhe ungubhekilanga ofile. Ubhekilanga Ongaboni iyinoveli ebabazekayo futhi ingenye edume kakhulu ngohlobo lwayo.
Obani Abakhokhelwa Yinsimbi
Kusukela esandleni sikaHemingway kufika umbono wangaphandle weMpi Yombango YaseSpain ngale noveli. Ikhuluma ngendaba kaRobert Jordan, ilungu leqembu elifika eSpain ukuzosiza amaRiphabhlikhi ukuthi aqhumise ibhuloho. okubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlaselweni kwabavukeli, uhlangothi lwamaFrancoist. Lapho efika uzoqonda usongo lwempi futhi athole uthando ngowesifazane, uMaría, azothandana naye ngokungalindelekile.
Indaba yempi yombango okungekho muntu ozoyithanda
Le ncwadi ingumlando, nakuba ingeyona inoveli, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi UJuan Eslava Galán ulandisa izenzakalo zangempela ezinabalingiswa bangempela, abanye abaziwayo, njengoFranco ebusheni bakhe nasekuqaleni kwempi, nabanye ngokungaziwa.. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi yincwadi enqabayo ukuzibeka noma ukubeka umfundi kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi noma imibono, eshiya umphakathi uzenzele iziphetho zawo. Kuphinde kuzanywe ukukhipha idatha engabalulekile ephazamisa ukufunda; Ngokuphambene nalokho, lokho le ncwadi egcwele izindaba zabantu, ezinye ezibucayi, nezinye eziphephela emancokoni. Njengenjwayelo, u-Eslava Galán ukhombisa isitayela esibukhali emsebenzini wakhe.
Izingqwembe zempi yombango yaseSpain
izingqwembe zempi yombango IsiSpanishi siwumbukiso obonakalayo kanye nencwadi yenkumbulo yomlando wethu. Kulo msebenzi singathola amaphosta adalwe izinhlangothi ezimbili ezinokukhathazeka kwenkulumo-ze, ukuhambisa umoya kanye nemibono ekubhekiseni kwesinye sezimbangela ezimbili. Kuwukukhethwa ngokucophelela kwezimemezelo ngokulandelana kwazo futhi okunganikeza imibandela kanye nokuzindla ngalokho okwenzeka phakathi neminyaka yawo-30 eSpain; incwadi ongase futhi umangale ngayo.
Ukwakhiwa kwesihlubuki
I-trilogy ye- Arthur Barea yakhiwe umqambi (1941), Umzila (1943) futhi Ilangabi (1946). Kungumbono weriphabhulikhi wokungqubuzana lapho umbhali echaza ngokuphila kwakhe umbono kanye nolwazi lwakhe ngaphambi kokuya ekudingisweni eNgilandi. Engxenyeni yesibili neyesithathu, inhlekelele Yonyaka kanye nempi yaseMorocco kuyalandiswa, njengesizinda sengxabano yaseSpain; futhi ingxenye yokugcina ukuthuthukiswa kwempi yombango. Encwadini yokuqala umbhali uchaza ukuguquka kwakhe kusukela ebusheni kuya empilweni yabantu abadala. Iqoqo lamanoveli liwumnikelo wakudala ezincwadini zempi yamaSpain amabili.
I-"Fire Line" ka-Arturo Pérez Reverte yayingekho.
Diana kunjalo! Okunye okubalulekile 😉